托福写作金牌词汇一览

　　无动词结构也是阅卷老师喜欢看到的亮点，原因就在于由于汉语写作惯性，中国学生很少能想到使用该结构。这种结构实质上是SVC结构的省略，包括形容词无动词结构、名词无动词结构(即同位结构)和介词无动词结构，往往放在句子开头，以逗号同主句隔开，表示原因、条件、让步、补充说明，伴随状况等意义。请看下列例子：

　　形容词无动词结构

　　1. Big and fat, Victor went to the Gym(健身馆) every Sunday morning.(原因)

　　2. Speechless, Henry nodded and sat on a folding seat.(伴随状语)

　　3. Anxious for a quick decision, the chairman called for a vote.(原因)

　　4. (Although)always helpful, he was not much liked by people.(让步)

　　5. It has little taste, unless hot.(条件)

　　名词无动词结构

　　6. A fellow Georgian(佐治亚人)， Jordan was well-known as a friend of the President.(同位语)

　　7. Bank loan or no bank loan, we’ll buy the house.(让步)

　　8. Whatever the reason, his cordiality(诚恳)to her has won him a friend.(让步)

　　介词无动词结构

　　9. Because of his mistake several people died.(原因)

　　10. Without his sister’s money, Harry would never be a doctor.(条件)

　　由于写作惯性，同学们写英语作文时，很可能不会想到上述结构，而是写成分句，例如上述例1和例2可能写成：

　　1b. Because he was big and fat, Victor went to the Gym every Sunday morning.

　　2b. Henry nodded and sat on a folding seat, and kept speechless.

　　相比之下不难发现，无动词结构比分句效果更好，更地道，更简练，同时又丰富了作文的句子结构，不仅让读者和阅卷老师为之眼前一亮!

　　主语多样化：中国人习惯于用人称主语，而英语中则常用无灵主语

　　(inanimate subject)，即无生命的事物作主语，如：

　　1.The last two decades has witnessed earth-shaking changes in China.

　　中国在过去的二十年中发生了翻天覆地的变化。

　　2 A strange peace came over her when she was alone.

　　她独处时感到一种特别的安宁。

　　3 I am very sorry that the pressure of other occupations has prevented me from sending an earlier reply to your letter.

　　由于我近来事务繁忙，没能给于及早回复，对此我表示深深的歉意。

　　4 The smallest excuse would have served.

　　其实，你随便找个哪怕最小的借口就可以了。

　　5 That night sleep eluded me.

　　那天晚上我彻夜未眠。

　　开头多样化：开头除了使用主语外，还可以用各种各样的结构

　　1 An expert in forest fire control, the forest ranger talked to the campers about safety in the woods.同位语

　　2 Angry, Mr. Boyd began to defend his reputation with strong arguments.形容词短语

　　3 Tired and dirty, the boys returned to the camp.形容词短语

　　4 Jogging every day, I soon increased my energy level.现在分词短语

　　5 Troubled by a dream, Tim woke up with a start.过去分词

　　6 To succeed in that course, you must attend every class.不定式短语

　　7 In the scientific laboratory, Madame Curie was an industrious worker.介词短语

　　8 Because he was tired and discouraged, he did not want to rewrite the paper.原因状语句

　　9 What you impulsively do in haste you may regret( )in leisure.宾语从句提前

　　运用修辞手法：排比;对偶

　　1. I came, I saw, I conquered. 我来了，我看了，我征服(凯撒大帝语)

　　2. He was well-known, well-respected, and well-loved.

　　3. The proof of gold is fire; the proof of woman, gold; the proof of man, a woman.火可以检验真金，金子可以检验女人，而女人可以检验男人。

　　4. Government of the people, by the people and for the people shall not perish from the earth.这个民有、民主、民享的政府永远也不会从地球上消失

　　5. With this faith we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day. (摘自马丁?路德?金的著名演说I Have a Dream)

　　6. The power of French literature is in its prose writers; the power of English literature is in its poets.法国文学长于散文;英国文学优于诗歌。

　　7. A long journey tests a horse’s strength; a long acquaintance shows a man’s heart. 路遥知马力，日久见人心。

　　以上例句中，前五个运用排比修辞格，节奏优美，语势强烈，感染力强;后两句运用这些的秘诀可以称为金科玉律(Golden Rules)，却一点也不复杂，我敢肯定对偶修辞格，言简意赅，意义隽永。掌握了上述方法将会让你的托福作文大放异彩。