托福词汇之“微交通microtransit”

　　"On demand" refers to the ability of people to access mobility withoutneeding to own a transportation vehicle. Through the use of apps and ICT, a newdomain of "mobility brokers" becomes part of the mobility arena. Their specificparts is to connect supply and demand, in one way or another.

　　“定制”指人们无需自己拥有车辆便可自由出行。通过手机应用程序和信息通讯技术，运输行业出现了“出行代理”这样一个新的领域。他们的特长是将供需双方联系起来。

　　Two main streams are visible here:

　　– A ‘downsizing’ in public collective transport

　　– An ‘upscaling’ in private individual transport

　　目前有两种发展趋势：

　　-公共集体运输方式“缩减”

　　-私人化的运输方式“增加”

　　The first refers to on demand public transport initiatives, such as Bridj,a Boston startup facilitating bus rides for commuters, solely based onreservations. A well-known example of the second stream might be Uber, which isusing private transportation as a basis for on demand transportation. These twostreams together are referred as ‘Microtransit’ and could be seen as a new formof modality, in between private individual and collective publictransportation.

　　第一种趋势指定制公交方案，像波士顿的Bridj项目，专门为提前预订的出行人群提供公共交通服务。第二种趋势的绝佳例子就是Uber了，他们将私人交通工具作为定制交通的运行基础。这两种交通发展趋势结合在一起就叫做“微交通”，是一种新的出行方式，介于个人出行和公交集体出行之间的一种交通方式。