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托福词汇备考—文化类

2018-02-06来源:互联网

  托福词汇的积累是大家在整个托福备考过程当中不可或缺的一个重要部分,是大家在备考过程中首先要攻破的一大难关。这里就为大家带来托福词汇备考—文化类,大家一起来学习一下吧。

  homogeneous 同质的 homo + gene +ous(<> heterogeneous)^ homosexual, heterosexual

  mainstream 主流,主流的

  dialect 方言 (v.s. accent)

  discrepancy 差异

  misconception 误解 (mis + concept + ion)= misunderstanding

  barrier 障碍(物)~ bar, = barricade

  discrimination 区别,歧视racial/sexual discrimination discriminate (+against)

  hierarchy 等级制度heir + arch(govern) + y

  insularity 岛国性质 ( insular, ^island)British industry has often been criticized for its linguistic insularity.

  microcosm 小天地 micro + cosm(os)

  nostalgia = homesickness

  patriot 爱国者 (<> traitor)à patriotic, patriotism

  compatriot 同胞 同胞的com + patriot

  vernacular 本地的,本国的 本地话,本国话the vernacular languages of India

  Hispanic An American whose first language was Spanish

  immigration 移入~ immigrant, immigratev.s. emigration (~ emigrant, emigrate)

  antipodes Any two places or regions on diametrically opposite sides of the Earth“from North America to the Antipodes”

  permeate 渗透,弥漫Smoke permeated the house.

  entrepreneur 企业家 (~ enterprise)à entrepreneurship

  practitioner 开业者,从业者praction(practice) + er

  celebrity = a famous person= luminary, VIP

  proxy 代理人

  anecdote 轶事 (à anecdotal)

  notoriety 恶名 ( notorious)

  counterpart 对应人,对等物 Who’s George Bush’s counterpart in China? counterculture, counterbalance

  peer 同等的人 凝视,窥视(~ peep)

  subordinate 下级 下级的<> superior

  tactics 战术,技巧 v.s. strategy (战略,策略)marketing strategy v.s. selling tactics

  nuance a subtle difference in meaning

  benchmarking 类比分析

  punctual 准时的,守时的 (à punctuality)

  absenteeism 旷工absent à absentee à absenteeism

  flextime 弹性工作时间flex(flexible) + time

  harass 骚扰 (à harassment)Mary said that Gary had sexually harassed her.

  redundancy 冗余,冗员 network redundancy

  downsize 裁员 (~ lay off)

  ballot 投票 (= vote)

  impartial 不偏不倚的 (<> partial)

  lobby 大堂(n.) 游说(v.)

  shortlist (BE) a list of applicants who have been deemed suitable and from which the successful person will be chosen à (v.)

  equilibrium 平衡,均衡

  questionnaire 调查表,问卷

  quantitative 定量的 (<> qualitative)

  contingency 偶然性,偶然事件

  incur 招致incur debts/hatred/dangerv.s. occur, concur, recur

  ethical 伦理的,符合伦理的~ ethics, <> unethical

  dubious 疑惑的,可疑的 (~ doubt)People were dubious about the result.

  manifestation 显示,证明 ( manifest)

  subtitle 字幕,副标题 (sub + title)^ subsidiary, submarine, subway (BE: underground, tube), suburb(~ downtown, uptown, outskirts)

  dubbing 配音录制

  vogue 时尚 chic

  bizarre 奇异的v.s. weird (怪异的)

  mediocre 平庸的

  dietitian 饮食学家 (~ diet) entrée 主食

  connoisseur 行家,鉴赏家