托福口语:托福口语考试应答技巧
托福口语的回答重在如何去描述而并非回答。 考官更在意你的表达而非你的答案。 比如曾经笔者在考试的时候遇到了一个这样的题:“Do you agree or disagree that classrooms should have video cameras for security?”( 你对教室设有摄像头这一措施同意吗?)
当很多同学面临这个题的时候很难抉择, 确实,我们生活中也很少考虑这样看似无聊的问题。 于是考生们就会很焦虑: 要是我没做选择会不会扣我很多分啊? 其实如果你真的不知道该怎么回答, 完全可以回答一个不知道, 并且大胆的猜想。 重申一次, 托福口语的一二题考的并不是看你是否同意他的观点或者给他一个理想的answer, 而是看到这个题用什么样的语言结构去描述的。 所以你开头完全可以这样说并且说出自己的猜想, 这里我贡献一个满分答案的开头。
“Wow! I think that’s a pretty difficult question about if security cameras should be in classrooms. I think that if we’re talking about America, unfortunately, I think yes – the classrooms should have video cameras”
于是我们很巧妙的将这陌生的题转为我们熟悉的地点类题型。
既然我们的评分是在于语言而非答案, 所以我们要避免那些“斩钉截铁”的话语。 反而, 我们需要在我们的句子里加上一些其他的成分是句子更加的复杂和流畅, 彰显我们的语言能力。这也是符合英文说话习惯的。老师认为, 在英文写作里, 我们应该提倡简洁原则, 可是在口语里, 我们提倡长句原则。 因为英美国家的人说话习惯并不是我们传统意义上认为的“直接”, 对比下, 汉语的表达会更直接。 比如我邀请一个很漂亮的女孩出去约会, 我会问她:
你这个星期什么时候有空?中文回答的思路往往会把重要的信息点放在句子的前面, 比如: 我星期天晚上有空。 星期天才是这个句子的核心部分。 然而英语思维却是在答案前堆积一大堆的无关的细节, 比如: Well, I think I would have time probably on Sunday. 前面的 “Well, I think I would have time probably on….” 就是冗词。 所以当我们回答托福独立题的时候, 尽量的添加一些啰嗦的成分这样才听着像native speaker思考的方式。
比如我们试音的时候有个: “Describe the city you live in”. 中国同学回答的时候往往会这样回答:“ I live in Hong Kong. It’s impeccably impressive. I love my hometown. ”
然而,这并不是英文的思考方式,真正的靠近native speaker思维方式的满分答案应该是这样的“ Well, I have lived in Hong Kong, a city that is impeccably impressive, even though we have lots of people living here. However, I still think that I love my hometown, Hong Kong” 加了一些冗词后, 很明显, 答案更丰富,表达也更有张力,最重要的一点就是句子一长,答案更贴近了native speaker说话的方式, 这样的答案能得到满分也是理所当然。
在托福独立口语题目里, 说到familiar topic, 我们一定要记住轻视回答,重视表达, 避免中式的直接, 选择英美的“啰嗦”。
1. Addition(递进)
常用词汇:moreover, what is more, furthermore, , let alone, additionally, not to mention (this), besides (this) , in addition (to this)
2. Reference(引用)
常用词汇:considering (this), regarding (this), as for (this), concerning (this), on the subject of (this)
3. Example (举例)
常用词汇:such as, particularly, especially, for example, like, in particular, for one thing, notably
4. Similarity(相似)
常用词汇:similarly, in the same way, equally, likewise, as well as
5. Clarification(澄清)
常用词汇:that is (to say), I mean, (to) put (it) another way, in other words, namely, specifically
6. Conflict(转折)
常用词汇:but, while, on the other hand, however, whereas, in contrast, conversely, still, instead
7. Emphasis(强调)
常用词汇:even more, above all, indeed, more importantly, besides
8. Concession(让步)
常用词汇:but even so, even though, though, although, despite (this), in spite of (this), regardless (of this)
9. Cause/Reason(原因)
常用词汇:since, as, in that, for the (simple) reason that, because (of the fact), seeing that, owing to (the fact),due to (the fact that)
10. Effect/Result(影响或结果)
常用词汇:consequently, hence, thus, because (of this), as a result (of this), for this reason, so that, accordingly, as a consequence, so, therefore
11. Condition(条件)
常用词汇:if, provided that, in the event that (万一), as/so long as, unless, given that, providing that, even if, on (the) condition (that)
12. Conclusion(总结)
常用词汇:lastly, finally, to conclude (with), as a final point, in the end
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