2002年10月TOEFL托福真题

Section Two: Structure and Written Expression
1. Among the 450 artworks in the White House art collection _________.
(A) as is Mary Cassatt's Young Mother and Two Children
(B) is Mary Cassatt's Young Mother and Two Children
(C) which is Mary Cassatt's Young Mother and Two Children
(D) Mary Cassatt's Young Mother and Two Children
 
2. An unconsolidated aggregate of silt particles is also termed silt, _________ a consolidated aggregate is called siltstone.
(A) which
(B) why
(C) whereas
(D) whether
 
3. In 1864 the American Shakespearean actor Edwin Booth gained critical acclaim when he ________ Hamlet at the Winter Garden Theatre in New York City.
(A) perform
(B) performed
(C) had been performing
(D) having performed
 
4.  ________ are chiefly derived from petroleum.
(A) Plastics today
(B) There are plastics today
(C) Because today plastics today
(D) Due to plastics today
 
5. Most tangerine trees and their flowers and fruits resemble _______ the orange, although tangerines are generally smaller.
(A) of those
(B) which of those
(C) those of 
(D)  which are of

6. Ohio, the center of _______ the Hopewell culture, has the greatest concentration of ancient burial mounds in the United States. 
(A) called
(B) what is called
(C) that is called
(D) is called
 
7.  ________, such as jazz, are often played from memory rather than from a written score.
(A) Of some types music
(B) Music some of types
(C) Some types of music
(D) Types of music some
 
8. During the 1850', reform movements ________ temperance and the abolition of slavery gained strength in the United States.
(A) advocating
(B) they had advocated
(C) to advocating
(D) to advocate when
 
9. Many meteorites are thought to have originated from ________ that once existed between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.
(A) where a planet or planets
(B) a planet or planets so
(C) which a planet or planets
(D) a planet or planets

10. The modern automobile is a __________ composed of more than 14,000 parts.
(A) complex technical system
(B) system of complex technical
(C) complex technical system that
(D) system is technically complex
 
11. ________  over 100 years since the invention of the square-bottomed paper bag.
(A) Now is
(B) Now it has
(C) There is now
(D) It is now
 
12. The novelist John Dos Passes developed a style of fiction incorporating several documentary devices ________ to his works.
(A) lent realism
(B) that lending realism
(C) to lend realism
(D) of whose realism lent
 
13. In Earth's infancy, its surface was warm enough for life ________ the young Sun was fainter than it is today.
(A) in spite of
(B) whether
(C) neither of which
(D) even though

14. The invention of the compound microscope (which allowed much higher magnification through multiple lenses) made ________ the great strides in life sciences.
(A) it possible
(B) possibly
(C) possible
(D) it was possible
 
15. Hares generally have longer ears and hind legs than rabbits and move by jumping _______ running.
(A) rather to be
(B) rather than
(C) are rather
(D) as rather

16. Lake trout, fish usually finding in deep, cool lakes, are greenish gray and are
                                A               B
covered with pale spots.
   C           D
17. During the first 20 years of the space age, the United States spent more than 90
          A                                                                 B
billion dollars onto its civilian and military space programs. 
                  C                D
18. Vitamins A and C and most of the B vitamins are retain in foods that have 
                             A                     B          C
been canned.
    D
19. Ella Baker spent her adult life working for social change by lecturing, writing,
                           A                                  B
teacher, and organizing adult literacy programs.
  C                                       D
20. Gold can combined with silver in any proportion, but alloys with 50 to 60 percent
            A                       B                                   C
silver are the strongest.
              D 
21. The camera obscura, a lensless precursor of the photographic camera, consists of
                                                                                 A
a darkened chamber, with light pass into it through a single tiny hole. 
     B                           C             D
22. Lumber production was the main industry in Michigan until the early 1900's,
                A                 B                              C
which the automobile industry was established in Detroit.
  D 
23. Twenty minutes of vigorous exercise every day is very effect in helping a person
                          A                                  B         C
to maintain physical fitness.
      D 
24. It was not until after Emily Dickinson's death in 1886 that, hidden away in her
              A                                                        B
bureau, overly one thousand unpublished poems were discovered,
          C                                       D
25. Rocks form within Earth are called intrusive or plutonic rocks because the
           A                                                              B
magma from which they form often intrudes into neighboring rock.
          C                                        D
26. Most fish swim by moving their tails from side to side , with little relatively body
     A                  B                          C                    D
undulation. 
27. In its life expectancy, although in most other things, the Sun is a typical star.
         A                      B              C                           D
28. Machines need energy to function, whether it is animal or human muscle, wind or
                           A             B
waters currents, or heat-generated energy, such as steam.
  C                                            D
29. The modern violin, the smallest and versatile instrument in the violin family, is
          A                            B
tuned in fifths and produces tones ranging over four and a half octaves. 
  C                                   D
30. Norman Rockwell was a meticulous artist who paintings portrayed family
                                             A                B
incidents and well-defined characters with a wealth of supporting details. 
                               C                                     D
31. By the late twelve century, stained glass had emerged in Europe as an integral
    A             B                              C                    D
part of Gothic architecture.
32. The United States, a nation with a highly diversified economy, is a major
                                         A                   B
exporter of grain, fruit, chemical, aircraft, and cars.
       C                     D
33. Canada began cultivation wheat intensively in 1910, which led to a demand for
                      A                                          B
tools, machines, housing, and building supplies.
                    C                 D
34. Magnesium has little structural strength and must be alloyed with another metals
                 A                                                       B
such as aluminum and zinc when it is to be subjected to stress.
    C                                     D
35. Orchid seeds take up to eighteen months to mature before they sprout, and the
                        A                                   B
young plants may need another two years to reach at the flowering stage.
                C                              D
36. The oldest public edifice in Washington D.C., the White House was originally
           A                                                              B
constructed in the 1790's, also has been rebuilt or extensively remodeled
                             C   
three times since.
         D 
37. Mitosis is the normal process by which a cell divides, each new cell ending up
                                     A                       B             C
with a same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
     D 
38. There are a series of large-scale wind patterns all over Earth are called prevailing
                                                       A               B
winds that have a direct effect on weather and climate.
               C                   D
39. In June, 1846, near Sacramento, California, a number of new settlers rebelled in
    A               B                               C
the Bear Flag Revolt and proclaiming California an independent republic.
                             D 
40. A mutation is result of a definite biochemical change in a gene that causes the
                   A                                     B
offspring to vary in some characteristic from the parents. 
                      C                    D