2002年8月TOEFL托福真题

Section Two: Structure and Written Expression

1. Over the centuries, ____ that try to explain the origins of the university.
(A) although many theories
(B) many theories
(C) have many theories been
(D) there have been many theories

2. The planet Venus is almost exactly the same size and mass _____ Earth, with a similar interior, including a nickel-iron core.
(A) to
(B) as
(C) is
(D) than

3. George Washington Carver ____ international fame for revolutionizing agriculture research in the southern United States during the early twentieth century.
(A) won
(B) winning
(C) who has won
(D) the winner of

4. Constituting one of the earliest engineering techniques, ______ in Paleolithic time was done in order to extend natural caves.
(A) tunnels were built
(B) which built tunnels
(C) the building of tunnels
(D) tunnels whose building

5. The tulip tree is native to the eastern United States , _____ the tallest and larges broadleaf tree.
(A) where
(B) where it is
(C) it is where
(D) is where

6. Elementary schools in the United states provide formal education ______ arithmetic, science, social science, and communication skills that including reading, writing , spelling, and speaking.
(A) such subjects as basic in
(B) as basic subjects in such
(C) in such basic subjects as
(D) as in such basic subjects

7. ______ land and money enabled construction of the Union Pacific railroad to begin from Council Bluffs, Iowa , in 1865.
(A) By the government granting of
(B) Government grants of
(C) For the government to grant
(D) Government grants so that

8. Appointments to the United States Supreme Court and all lower federal courts ____ by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate.
(A) making
(B) to make
(C) are made
(D) have made

9. The name “squirrel” is commonly used for those forms of the family Sciuridae that live in trees, _____ it is equally accurate for ground dwelling types.
(A) whether
(B) that
(C) although
(D) in spite of

10. Green plants combine _____ with water and carbon dioxide to make food.
(A) energy derived from light
(B) energy, derived it from light
(C) energy is derived from light
(D) from light , and energy derived

11. From the archeologist’s perspective, understanding the past is vitally important and requires ______ of earlier cultures.
(A) the ruins examined
(B) examining the ruins
(C) of the ruins to be examined
(D) that the examined ruins

12. The Texas Legislature selected Vassar Miller _____ in 1982, and again in 1988.
(A) was the state’s poet laureate
(B) as the state’s poet laureate
(C) the state’s poet laureate
(D) become the state’s poet laureate

13. The distinguishing feature of a fluid, in contrast to a solid, is the ease _____ .
(A) that a deformed fluid
(B) to deform a fluid
(C) when a fluid that is deformed
(D) with which a fluid may be deformed

14. Oxygen and nutrients reach the body’s tissues ____ from the blood through the capillary wall.
(A) pass
(B) by passing
(C) to be passing
(D) have passed

15. _____ important development of the Neolithic age was not in the manufacture of stone tools but in the production of food.
(A) The most
(B) Most
(C) Most of
(D) Of the most

16. By 1899 Ransom olds had establish in Detroit, Michigan, the first factory in the United States for the manufacture of automobiles.

17. The progressive Movement is an umbrella tern refer to a number of reform efforts that emerged in the early 1900’s.

18. The pelican is a water bird with a large pouch attached to its bill, which it uses as a scoop for catch small fish.

19. The invention of reinforced concrete, plate glass, and steel in the mid-1800’s was enabled architects to design and build extremely tall constructions, or “skyscrapers.”

20. Acoustics, the study of sounds, is one of the oldest of the physically sciences.

21.Each of functions of the body, even thinking, requires the expenditure of energy.
      

22.Gourds were introduced to what is now the southwestern United States by earliest peoples who migrated north from Mesoamerica about 7000 years ago. 
                
23. The economic heart of Canada, Ontario accounts for more than 40 percentage of the nation’s productive capacity.

24. Virtually all parts moving of an automobile need to be lubricated because, without lubrication, friction would increase power consumption and damage the parts.
            
25. Rarely has a technological development had as great an impact on society as the rapid grow of electronics.

26. The North American Review, a magazine was first published in 1815, was one of the leading literary journals of the past woe centuries.

27. Fuel is any substance or material that reacts chemically with another substance or material to produce hot.
      
28. Glint was a favored material of prehistoric humans, which used it to make tools and weapons, because it would chip into shapes with sharp edges.
                       D
29. Mutiny of a ship’s crew against the captain signifies the breakdown of the obedience and discipline required to deal effectively to perils at eat.
                           

30. Of all the art-related reference and research library in North America, that of the Metropolitan Museum of a Art in New York City is among the largest and most complete.

31. Acclimatization is the process by which an organism adjusts to living in an environment to which it normally unsuited.

32. Glaciers, mass of ice that flow outward from ice caps, cover about one-tenth of earth’s land area.

33. Some species of bacteria and fungi thrive on such simply compounds as alcohol.
 

34. In 1923 Alice Paul began campaign to promote the adoption of an amendment to the United States Constitution mandating equal rights for women. 
                        

35. Perhaps more than any other United States city, San Francisco is a collection of neighborhood.
  
36. Almost every the hereditary material of an individual organism resides in the chromosomes. 
       
37. Only with early seventeenth-century observers did the music of the original inhabitants of the United States and Canada entered recorded history.
                    D
38. Perhaps the most distinctive features of sharks and undoubtedly one of the most important reasons for their success is their well-developed sensory system.
                                             D
39. The major economic activities of Cheyenne, Wyoming, include transportation, chemicals, tourism, but governmental activities.

40. The fiction writer, poetry, and critic Edgar Allan Poe is among the most familiar of American writers and one of the most enigmatic.