托福听力：听力细节题例子解析

　　例子细节题的特点

　　例子作为细节题的一种，只要你能听出提示词，抓住相关的大部分内容，那么细节题还是很容易得分的。例子题一定是原文出现过的内容，他们可能是同义改写，也可能是用原文中的词汇概述答案。所以对于原文中没有出现过的内容，一定是错的。

　　例子细节题的信号词

　　在听力文章中有表示for example, for instance, take … for example, take…, like…;if you…, imagine…, consider…, think of…等这些词汇都是例子题出现的位置，大家要根据信号词，抓住关键信息和重点进行答题。

　　真题案例

　　例子1.TPO18 lecture 3 第6题

　　Why does the professor say this:(例子细节题的标志。Why does the professor mention/say/talk about/discuss…? 或少数时候，它们也可以跟重听结合： Why does the speaker say this? )

　　A. To indicate that pepper was commonly used as payment

　　B. To indicate where pepper could be found at the time

　　C. To emphasize the high value of pepper at the time

　　D. To suggest that pepper was nearly as plentiful as gold

　　第一步：题目所对应的原文。Professor: Here is an example(信号词). In 408 AD, the Gothic General who captured Rome demanded payment. He wanted 5000 pounds of gold among other things but he also wanted 3000 pounds of pepper. Maybe that would give you an idea of exactly where pepper stood at the time.

　　第二步：在进行听的过程中，example就是信号词，通过信号词，考生要意识到这个地方是出题点和考点。记录example后面的关键信息是解题的关键。

　　第三步：例子后面的内容，5000 pounds of gold but also wanted 3000 pounds of pepper，这是重点信息。说哥特将军要赎金，不仅要5000磅黄金，还要3000磅胡椒。后面又说道pepper stood at the time，黄金和胡椒都是相提并论的东西，可见胡椒的价值和地位。因此例子就是用来强调high value of pepper，胡椒的地位高。

　　第四步：进行验证，因为文章中提到pepper和where pepper stood at the time，因此答案里面也应该有这两项内容。四个选项都含有pepper，但只有C选项有high value of pepper和where pepper stood at the time意思是一样的。因此答案为C选项。

　　例子2. TPO17 lecture 4 ，第2题

　　Why does the professor first mention Proteus?

　　A. To explain how the octopus got its scientific name.

　　B. To introduce the octopus’ exceptional abilities.

　　C. To point out that the octopus played an important role in Greek mythology.

　　D. To provide an example of a mythological character that was part animal and part human.

　　第一步：题目中问道教授为什么首先提到普罗透斯。在文章中从well开始说起，接下来一直在说普罗透斯会变形的内容，接着用Just like Proteus,表明章鱼和普罗透斯是一样的也可以变形。

　　第二步：这道题里面虽然没有提到表示例子的信号词，但是通过Just like Proteus,说明是通过普罗透斯变形的例子来说明章鱼的生活特性。因此答案为B选项。这种题目比较难，需要根据例子和上下文的关系进行解答，难度系数比较高。