托福写作思路从积累托福语料做起

　　很多同学在学习托福写作中经常没思路，看见题目就已经蒙了，那么从今天开始北京新东方赵云龙BOMB老师帮你补充补充背景知识好不好，让你“知其然知其所以然” 既然“机经”如今没以前准了，那就不如从现在开始咱们积累一些和托福写作相关话题的语料和背景知识，考试当中能用起来!!! Let’s begin now~~

　　First，请各位3分钟时间默读下面的文段(以下范文出自KYLE DeNUCCIO 不同颜色的词请重点关注)

　　①Financial literacy is the ability to use knowledge and skills to make effective and informed money management decisions. Gaining the knowledge and developing the skills to become financially literate is a lifelong process that begins with something as simple as putting a few pennies in a piggy bank, and evolves to more advanced subjects such as risk and asset allocation.

　　②Because financial literacy is not emphasized in the education system - less than half the states have any financial literacy requirements for grades K-12, and only four states require high school students to take personal finance classes - most kids lack the necessary knowledge and skills to become financially responsible adults. The President's Advisory Council on Financial Literacy wrote in its 2008 Annual Report to the President: "By almost any measure, today's school children are ill-equipped to understand personal finance and make their way in the modern financial world. Their rising debt and debt problems, along with their poor inclination to save, substantiate what the test scores show. Meanwhile, most students still graduate from high school without any formal classroom education in personal finance."

　　③There is now - especially following the global financial crisis that began in 2008 - a growing interest in requiring more personal finance classes in the K-12 setting. Ben Bernanke, Chairman of the Federal Reserve System has stated that, "One of the key lessons of the recent financial crisis is the importance of personal financial literacy. Besides improving their personal financial decision making, teaching students economic principles will help them as citizens understand and make choices about many of the critical issues confronting our nation."

　　④Despite this recognition, most things money are still taught at home, where the role of financial educator falls primarily on parents, guardians and other adults in the home. For many adults, however, talking about money is akin to talking about other provocative subjects. Unsure of where to begin and worried about saying the wrong thing, many adults simply avoid conversations about money. This is often made worse by adults' lack of confidence in their own handling of finances. It is important for adults to remember that, even if they are not financial rock stars themselves, they have experience and perspective on their sides, and can draw both from their financial mistakes and successes to share essential knowledge and skills to their children. It starts with a conversation.

　　⑤In our first guide, Teaching Financial Literacy To Kids, we introduced concepts that are appropriate for the youngest learners, such as the difference between needs and wants.(细节!!) / In part two of the series, Teaching Financial Literacy To Tweens, we covered intermediate topics, including income and expenses, saving for long-term goals and entrepreneurship. / In this tutorial, designed especially for teaching teens, we introduce the more advanced topics suitable for teenagers, including budgeting, credit and debt, money management and investing.(细节!!)(473words)

　　读完了是不是有一种“好高大上啊” 我写不出来啊，没关系哈来下面BOMB老师帮你“庖丁解牛” 请动笔“记” 光看没用，快拿笔!

　　1.Financial literacy ：翻译成中文的话就类似“理财的能力”

　　e.g.：Financial literacy is the ability to use knowledge and skills to make effective money management decisions, so children are obliged to get informed about.

　　理财是一种使用知识和技能的能力去做出高效的金钱管理决定，所以孩子务必要去了解。

　　literate：有文化的，会读写的

　　illiterate：文盲的

　　2.informed decisions： 明智的决定 类似表达比如 smart move/sound decision

　　e.g.：School authorities might make an informed decision to put in a vast majority of money to hire famous teachers after researching hundreds of students’s needs.

　　校方在调查了百名学生的需求后做出个明智的决定，就是去投入大量的资金雇佣名师。

　　3.lifelong process：一辈子的事儿

　　e.g.： Marriage is a lifelong process that we have to think twice to make an informed decision.

　　婚姻是个一辈子的事儿，我们要认真考虑以便做出个明智的决定。

　　4.putting a few pennies in a piggy bank：把零钱装进存钱罐

　　“piggy bank”表示零钱罐，penny 一便士

　　5.asset allocation ：资产分配

　　e.g.：Confronting financial crisis, government has to implement a proper asset allocation policy to avoid repeat financial depression.

　　面临资产危机的时候，政府必须要实施合适的资产分配政策来防止周而复始的经济萧条。

　　6.be emphasized in: 被重视

　　e.g.：The mindset of "problem-solving" and “thinking-critically “ should be emphasized in the construction of teenagers teaching curricular.

　　“解决问题”和“批判性思考”的思维应该在青少年教学课程建设中被强强调。

　　7.require sb to do：要求某人做某事(一般与学生搭配在一起使用更佳)

　　e.g.：School should require students to attend to some extracurricular activities to strengthen their social abilities.

　　学校应该要求学生参加一些课外活动去加强他们的社交能力。

　　8.financially responsible adults：经济上有责任感的成年人

　　e.g.：In order to become financially responsible adults, children are supposed to engage in different finance-related activities to acquire more practical skills on issues of money autonomy.

　　为了成为经济上独立的成年人，孩子应该参与不同的与经济有关的活动去获得更多的实用的技能在金钱自理的问题上。

　　9.be ill-equipped to：表示”做某事没有准备好“ ”缺乏某种能力“

　　e.g.：Parents are ill-equipped to understand their children and put in less faith in them such as restricting their money spent on entertainment; limiting their time spent on watching TV, and even prohibiting their freedom to choose majors.

　　父母未能很好的理解孩子并且对孩子有很少的信任，比如限制他们花在娱乐上的钱,限制他们花在看电视上的时间,甚至禁止他们选择专业的自由。

　　10.have poor inclination to ：表示有做不好的事情的不良倾向

　　e.g.：Children, especially for those rebellious adolescents, tend to have poor inclination to crime, so they should be guided in a right way by their parents.

　　孩子,特别是那些叛逆的青少年,往往有犯罪的倾向,所以他们应该被他们的父母用正确的方法引导。

　　11.show a growing interest in：表示在某方面展现兴趣

　　e.g.：Talent kids tend to show a growing interest in tackling difficult problems.

　　有天赋的孩子往往在解决难题上有很多的兴趣。

　　12.fall primarily on：主要属于某人/主要落在谁身上

　　e.g.：To address environmental problems, the duties will fall primarily on three aspects : governments ;individuals and small businesses.

　　为了解决环境问题,责任将主要在三个方面:政府、个人和小企业。

　　13.is akin to: 与某事某物相似

　　e.g.： Friendship is akin to love.

　　爱人者，人恒爱之。

　　14.provocative subjects：刺激的话题/争议的话题

　　e.g.：How to achieve a sense of happiness has long been the provocative subjects which are often discussed among scholars.

　　如何拥有幸福感一直是一个有争议的并被学者讨论的话题。

　　15.on one’s sides：就某人而言/支持某人/站在某人那边

　　e.g.：On my side, finance-related issues should be emphasized in the education of kids.

　　在我看来，与金钱有关的问题应该在小孩的教育中被重视。

　　16.share essential knowledge and skills to ：分享重要的知识技能给某人

　　e.g.：Teachers should share essential knowledge and skills to teenagers who are eager to learn and improve their abilities.

　　老师应该分享重要的知识技能给那些想学习并提高能力的青少年。