老托福阅读真题及答案：PASSAGE 38

　　老托福阅读100篇,初期托福阅读训练者可以拿练手找感觉的好材料。

　　老托福阅读试题的核心价值，在于老托阅读是最贴进去真题的阅读思维方式。

　　而托福阅读的思维方式就是托福阅读的出题方式，只有掌握了这种思维方式，才有可能在做题之前，预测到新托福阅读题的出题形式和特点，为找答案节省时间。

　　而且老托福阅读真题比新托福IBT阅读文章要短，比较容易适应。这也是大家在复习准备托福阅读的时候非常重要的一点。因为前期的入手如果能从容易的开始，就会形成一个循序渐进的过程方式，让大家的练习有一个提高的过程，给大家时间。

　　既然老托福阅读试题有这样的效果，那我们如何利用那有限的真题来达到锻炼自己的目的呢?事实上这就一个办法，就是坚持。

　　和谐英语网每日推荐一篇老托福阅读的真题，附有原文及答案，本期：PASSAGE 38，希望对托福考生备考有所帮助。

　　During most of their lives, surge glaciers behave like normal glaciers, traveling perhaps only a couple of inches per day. However, at intervals of 10 to 100 years, these glaciers move forward up to 100 times faster than usual. The surge often progresses along a glacier like a great wave, proceeding from one section to another. Subglacial streams of meltwater might act as a lubricant, allowing the glacier to flow rapidly toward the sea. The increasing water pressure under the glacier might lift it off its bed, overcoming the friction between ice and rock, thus freeing the glacier, which rapidly sliders downhill. Surge glaciers also might be influenced by the climate, volcanic heat, or earthquakes. However, many of these glaciers exist in the same area as normal glaciers, often almost side by side.

　　Some 800 years ago, Alaska's Hubbard Glacier advanced toward the sea, retreated, and advanced again 500 years later. Since 1895, this seventy-mile-long river of ice has been flowing steadily toward the Gulf of Alaska at a rate of approximately 200 feet per year. In June 1986, however, the glacier surged ahead as much as 47 feet a day. Meanwhile, a western tributary, called Valerie Glacier, advanced up to 112 feet a day. Hubbard's surge closed off Russell Fiord with a formidable ice dam, some 2,500 feet wide and up to 800 feet high, whose caged waters threatened the town of Yakutat to the south.

　　About 20 similar glaciers around the Gulf of Alaska are heading toward the sea. If enough surge glaciers reach the ocean and raise sea levels, west Antarctic ice shelves could rise off the seafloor and become adrift. A flood of ice would then surge into the Southern Sea. With the continued rise in sea level, more ice would plunge into the ocean, causing sea levels to rise even higher, which in turn would release more ice and set in motion a vicious cycle. The additional sea ice floating toward the tropics would increase Earth's albedo and lower global temperatures, perhaps enough to initiate a new ice age. This situation appears to have occurred at the end of the last warm interglacial (the time between glacations), called the Sangamon, when sea ice cooled the ocean dramatically, spawning the beginning of the Ice Age.

　　1. What is the main topic of the passage ?

　　(A) The classification of different types of surge glaciers

　　(B) The causes and consequences of surge glaciers

　　(C) The definition of a surge glacier

　　(D) The history of a particular surge glacier

　　2. The word "intervals" in line 2 is closest in meaning to

　　(A) records

　　(B) speeds

　　(C) distances

　　(D) periods

　　3. The author compares the surging motion of a surge glacier to the movement of a

　　(A) fish

　　(B) wave

　　(C) machine

　　(D) boat

　　4. Which of the following does the author mention as a possible cause of surging glaciers?

　　(A) The decline in sea levels

　　(B) The occurrence of unusually large ocean waves

　　(C) The shifting Antarctic ice shelves

　　(D) The pressure of meltwater underneath the glacier

　　5. The word "freeing" in line 7 is closest in meaning to

　　(A) pushing

　　(B) releasing

　　(C) strengthening

　　(D) draining

　　6. According to the passage , the Hubbard Glacier

　　(A) moves more often than the Valerie Glacier

　　(B) began movement toward the sea in 1895

　　(C) is 800 feet wide

　　(D) has moved as fast as 47 feet per day

　　7. Yakutat is the name of

　　(A) an Alaskan town

　　(B) the last ice age

　　(C) a surge glacier

　　(D) an Antarctic ice shelf

　　8. The word "plunge" in line 22 is closest in meaning to

　　(A) drop

　　(B) extend

　　(C) melt

　　(D) drift

　　9. The term "vicious cycle" in line 24 refers to the

　　(A) movement pattern of surge glaciers

　　(B) effect surge glaciers could have on the temperature of tropical areas

　　(C) effect that repeated rising sea levels might have on glacial ice

　　(D) constant threat surge glaciers could pose to the Gulf of Alaska

　　10. The author provides a definition for which of the following terms?

　　(A) tributary (line 15)

　　(B) ice dam (line 16)

　　(C) albedo (line 25)

　　(D) interglacial(line 26)

　　11. Which of the following statements is supported by the passage ?

　　(A) The movement of surge glaciers can be prevented.

　　(B) The next ice age could be caused by surge glaciers.

　　(C) Surge glaciers help to support Antarctic ice shelves.

　　(D) Normal glaciers have little effect on Earth's climate.

　　正确答案： BDBDB DAACD B