托福阅读文章常见话题概述
自然科学
一、地质学
冰川类
1 OG:Green Icebergs
2 TPO 15:Glacier Formation
3 TPO 19:Discovering The Ice Ages
地质现象
1 OG:Geology and Landscape
2 TPO 01:Groundwater
3 TPO 02:Desert Formation
4 TPO 03:Depletion of The Ogallala Aquifer
5 TPO 07:The Geologic History of The Mediterranean
6 TPO 12:Water in The Desert
7 TPO 20:Fossil Preservation
8 TPO 21:Geothermal Energy
9 TPO 24:Lake Water
二、天文学
火星类
1 TPO 08:Running Water On Mars
2 TPO 25:The Surface of Mars
其他行星类
1 TPO 16:Planets in Our Solar System
2 TPO 22:The Allende Meteorite
生物科学
一、植物学
1 Sample:Opportunity and Competitors
2 TPO 01:Timberline Vegetation on Mountains
3 TPO 05:Minerals and Plants
4 TPO 09:The Arrival of Plant Life in Hawaii
5 TPO 22:Spartina
6 TPO 25:The Evolutionary Origin of Plants
二、动物学
动物特点
1 OG:Swimming Machines
2 OG:Feeding Habits of East African Herbivores
3 TPO 04:Deer Population of The Puget Sound
4 TPO 13:Biological Clock
5 TPO 15:A Warm-blooded Turtle
6 TPO 17:Symbiotic Relationship
动物变化
1 Sample:Meteorite Impact and Dinosaur Extinction
2 TPO 05:The Cambrian Explosion
3 TPO 08:Extinction of The Dinosaurs
4 TPO 15:Mass Extinctions
动物行为
1 TPO 02:The Origins of Cetaceans
2 TPO 11:Begging by Nestlings
3 TPO 11:Orientation and Navigation
4 TPO 17:Ani mal Signals in The Rain Forest
三、生态/环境学生态系统
1 TPO 03:The Long-Term Stability of Ecosystems
2 TPO 19:Succession, Climax, and Ecosystems
3 TPO 26:Survival of Plants and Animals in Desert Conditions
环境特点
1 Sample:Electricity from Wind
2 TPO 04:Petroleum Resources
3 TPO 10:Variations in The Climate
4 TPO 18:Lightning
5 TPO 23:Urban Climates
社会科学
一、艺术绘画/雕塑/陶瓷
1 Sample:
Lascaux Cave Paintings
2 TPO 04:Cave Art in Europe
3 TPO 10:Chinese Pottery
4 TPO 11:Ancient Egyptian Sculpture
5 TPO 23:Rock Art of the Australian Aborigines
建筑/戏剧/电影/摄影
1 OG:Applied Arts and Fine Arts
2 TPO 01:The Origins of Theater
3 TPO 02:Early Cinema
4 TPO 03:Architecture
5 TPO 12:Transition to Sound in Film
10 TPO 22:The Birth of Photography
二、历史/考古学工业化介绍
1 OG:Artisans and Industrialization
2 TPO 06:Powering The Industrial Revolution
3 TPO 18:Industrialization in The Netherlands and Scandinavia
4 TPO 26:Energy and the Industrial Revolution
贸易/经济介绍
1 TPO 10:Seventeenth-Century European Economic Growth
2 TPO14:Pastoralism in Ancient Inner Eurasia
3 TPO 16:Trade and The Ancient Middle East
4 TPO 17:Europe’s Early Sea Trade with Asia
5 TPO 25:The Decline of Venetian Shipping
农业发展介绍
1 TPO 07:Agriculture, Iron, and The Bantu Peoples
2 TPO21:The Origins of Agriculture
3 TPO 23:Seventeenth-Century Dutch Agriculture
国家/城市特点
1 OG:Nineteenth-Century Politics in The United States
2 TPO 07:Ancient Rome and Greece
3 TPO 08:The Rise of Teotihuacan
4 TPO 14:Maya Water Problems
5 TPO 19:The Roman Army’s Impact on Britain
6 TPO 26:Sumer and The First Cities of The Ancient Near East
人口变化特点
1 TPO 05:The Origins of The Pacific Island People
2 TPO 09:Colonizing The Americas Via The Northwest Coast
3 TPO 20:Westward Migration
4 TPO 20:Early Settlement in The Southwest Asia
5 TPO 24:Moving into Pueblos
三、心理/生理学
1 OG:Aggression
2 OG:The Expression of Emotion
3 TPO06:Infantile Amnesia
4 TPO 13:Methods of studying Infant Perception
5 TPO 18:The Mystery of Yawning
6 TPO 21:Autobiographical Memory
7 TPO 24:Breathing During Sleep
四、社会学
1 TPO09:Reflection in Teaching
2 TPO 13:Types of Social Groups
3 TPO 14:Childrenand Advertising
其他学科类
1 OG:Loie Fuller
2 TPO 06:William Smith
3 TPO 16:Development of The Periodic Table
4 TPO 12:Which Hand Did They Use?
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