老托福阅读真题及答案：PASSAGE 44

　　老托福阅读100篇,初期托福阅读训练者可以拿练手找感觉的好材料。

　　老托福阅读试题的核心价值，在于老托阅读是最贴进去真题的阅读思维方式。

　　而托福阅读的思维方式就是托福阅读的出题方式，只有掌握了这种思维方式，才有可能在做题之前，预测到新托福阅读题的出题形式和特点，为找答案节省时间。

　　而且老托福阅读真题比新托福IBT阅读文章要短，比较容易适应。这也是大家在复习准备托福阅读的时候非常重要的一点。因为前期的入手如果能从容易的开始，就会形成一个循序渐进的过程方式，让大家的练习有一个提高的过程，给大家时间。

　　既然老托福阅读试题有这样的效果，那我们如何利用那有限的真题来达到锻炼自己的目的呢?事实上这就一个办法，就是坚持。

　　和谐英语网每日推荐一篇老托福阅读的真题，附有原文及答案，本期：PASSAGE 44，希望对托福考生备考有所帮助。

　　The nervous system of vertebrates is characterized by a hollow, dorsal nerve cord that ends in the head region as an enlargement, the brain. Even in its most primitive form this cord and its attached nerves are the result of evolutionary specialization, and their further evolution from lower to higher vertebrate classes is a process that is far from fully understood. Nevertheless, the basic arrangements are similar in all vertebrates, and the study of lower animals gives insight into the form and structure of the nervous system of higher animals. Moreover, for any species, the study of the embryological development of the nervous system is indispensable for an understanding of adult morphology.

　　In any vertebrate two chief parts of the nervous system may be distinguished. These are the central nervous system (the nerve cord mentions above), consisting of the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system, consisting of the cranial, spinal, and peripheral nerves, together with their motor and sensory endings. The term "autonomic nervous system" refers to the parts of the central and peripheral systems that supply and regulate the activity of cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and many glands.

　　The nervous system is composed of many millions of nerve and glial cells, together with blood vessels and a small amount of connective tissue. The nerve cells, or "neurons", are characterized by many processes and are specialized in that they exhibit to a great degree the phenomena of irritability and conductivity. The glial cells of the central nervous system are supporting cells collectively termed "neuroglia". They are characterized by short processes that have special relationships to neurons, blood vessels, and connective tissue. The comparable cells in the peripheral nervous system are termed "neurilemmal" cells.

　　1. What does the passage mainly discuss?

　　(A) The parts of a neuron

　　(B) The structure of animals' nerve

　　(C) The nervous system of vertebrates

　　(D) The development of the brain

　　2. According to the passage , the nerve cord of vertebrates is

　　(A) large

　　(B) hollow

　　(C) primitive

　　(D) embryological

　　3. The author implies that a careful investigation of a biological structure in an embryo may

　　(A) Improved research of the same structure in other species

　　(B) A better understanding of the fully developed structure

　　(C) Discovering ways in which poor development can be corrected

　　(D) A method by which scientists can document the various stages of development

　　4. The two main parts of the central nervous system are the brain and the

　　(A) sensory endings

　　(B) cranial nerve

　　(C) spinal cord

　　(D) peripheral nerves

　　5. All of the following are described as being controlled by the autonomic nervous system EXCEPT

　　(A) connective tissue

　　(B) cardiac muscle

　　(C) glandular activity

　　(D) smooth muscle

　　6. In what lines does the author identify certain characteristic of nerve cells?

　　(A) lines 1-2

　　(B) lines 9-12

　　(C) lines 12-14

　　(D) lines 16-18

　　正确答案：CBBCA D