老托福阅读真题及答案：PASSAGE 46

　　老托福阅读100篇,初期托福阅读训练者可以拿练手找感觉的好材料。

　　老托福阅读试题的核心价值，在于老托阅读是最贴进去真题的阅读思维方式。

　　而托福阅读的思维方式就是托福阅读的出题方式，只有掌握了这种思维方式，才有可能在做题之前，预测到新托福阅读题的出题形式和特点，为找答案节省时间。

　　而且老托福阅读真题比新托福IBT阅读文章要短，比较容易适应。这也是大家在复习准备托福阅读的时候非常重要的一点。因为前期的入手如果能从容易的开始，就会形成一个循序渐进的过程方式，让大家的练习有一个提高的过程，给大家时间。

　　既然老托福阅读试题有这样的效果，那我们如何利用那有限的真题来达到锻炼自己的目的呢?事实上这就一个办法，就是坚持。

　　和谐英语网每日推荐一篇老托福阅读的真题，附有原文及答案，本期：PASSAGE 46，希望对托福考生备考有所帮助。

　　Pennsylvania's colonial ironmasters forged iron and a revolution that had both industrial and political implications. The colonists in North America wanted the right to the profits gained from their manufacturing. However, England wanted all of the colonies' rich ores and raw materials to feed its own factories, and also wanted the colonies to be a market for its finished goods. England passed legislation in 1750 to prohibit colonists from making finished iron products, but by 1771, when entrepreneur Mark Bird established the Hopewell blast furnace in Pennsylvania, iron making had become the backbone of American industry. It also had become one of the major issues that fomented the revolutionary break between England and the British colonies. By the time the War of Independence broke out in 1776, Bird, angered and determined, was manufacturing cannons and shot at Hopewell to be used by the Continental Army.

　　After the war, Hopewell, along with hundreds of other "iron plantations," continued to form the new nation's industrial foundation well into the nineteenth century. The rural landscape became dotted with tall stone pyramids that breathed flames and smoke, charcoal-fueled iron furnaces that produced the versatile metal so crucial to the nation's growth. Generations of ironmasters, craftspeople, and workers produced goods during war and peace-ranging from cannons and shot to domestic items such as cast-iron stoves, pots, and sash weights for windows.

　　The region around Hopewell had everything needed for iron production: a wealth of iron ore near the surface, limestone for removing impurities from the iron, hardwood forests to supply the charcoal used for fuel, rushing water to power the bellows that pumped blasts of air into the furnace fires, and workers to supply the labor. By the 1830's, Hopewell had developed a reputation for producing high quality cast-iron stoves, for which there was a steady market. As Pennsylvania added more links to its transportation system of roads, canals, and railroads, it became easier to ship parts made by Hopewell workers to sites all over the east coast. There they were assembled into stoves and sold from Rhode Island to Maryland as the "Hopewell stove". By the time the last fires burned out at Hopewell ironworks in 1883, the community had produced some 80,000 cast-iron stoves.

　　1. The word "implications" in line 2 is closest in meaning to

　　(A) significance

　　(B) motives

　　(C) foundations

　　(D) progress

　　2. It can be inferred that the purpose of the legislation passed by England in 1750 was to

　　(A) reduce the price of English-made iron goods sold in the colonies

　　(B) prevent the outbreak of the War of Independence

　　(C) require colonists to buy manufactured goods from England.

　　(D) keep the colonies from establishing new markets for their raw materials.

　　3. The author compares iron furnaces to which of the following?

　　(A) cannons

　　(B) pyramids

　　(C) pots

　　(D) windows

　　4. The word "rushing" in line 21 is closest in meaning to

　　(A) reliable

　　(B) fresh

　　(C) appealing

　　(D) rapid

　　5. Pennsylvania was an ideal location for the Hopewell ironworks for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

　　(A) Many workers were available in the area.

　　(B) The center of operations of the army was nearby.

　　(C) The metal ore was easy to acquire

　　(D) There was an abundance of wood.

　　6. The passage mentions "roads, canals, and railroads" in line 25 in order to explain that

　　(A) improvements in transportation benefited the Hopewell ironworks

　　(B) iron was used in the construction of various types of transportation

　　(C) the transportation system of Pennsylvania was superior to that of other states.

　　(D) Hopewell never became a major transportation center

　　7. The word "they" in line 26 refers to

　　(A) links

　　(B) parts

　　(C) workers

　　(D) sites

　　8. The word "some" in line 28 is closest in meaning to

　　(A) only

　　(B) a maximum of

　　(C) approximately

　　(D) a variety of

　　正确答案： ACBDB ABC

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