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托福阅读中的猜词小技巧

2014-12-30来源:互联网

  1、根据同义、反义关系猜词

  Today‘ s teenagers seem to be more liberal in their ideas than their_______ grandparents.

  A. freethinking B. traditional C. old D. happy

  traditional与liberal意思相反,故选B。

  2、根据句意或段落文章的上、下文猜测词义

  Klebold and Harris felt _______ and wanted to revenge against those whodisliked playing

  together with them or laughed at them.

  A. discouraged B. ashamed C. tired D. separated

  根据下文的disliked playing together with them判断此处应为“感到孤立”,故选D。

  专家解读托福阅读揣摩生词法二:利用构词法猜测词义(利用前、后缀及合成词猜词义)

  1、用前、后缀猜测词义

  英语中的前缀、后缀构词颇多,且特定的缀往往表示特定的含义,把握住这一点,可起到以不变应万变的效果。

  1)He had been overworking and fell ill at last.

  overwork是由前缀over-加动词构成,over有“超过、过于”之意,overwork意思是“工作过多,劳累过度”。再如,overburden负担过重,overcharge要价过高,overdo做得过分。

  前缀还有:

  mis-错,误:misfortune不幸;mislead误导;mismanage处理不当

  mid-中央:midnight半夜;midway半路

  under-低于:underdone半生不熟的;underestimate低估

  anti-反对:antibody抗体;anticyclone反气旋;antifreeze防冻剂

  下面划线单词为常见后缀派生词:

  1)You must stop dreaming and face reality.(-ty为名词的标志)

  2)The country is trying to popularize education. (-ize为及物动词的标志,再如realize,modernize)

  2、利用合成词猜测词义。

  Family members take turns choosing a special activity for the evening, andeveryone partakes in for fun.

  根据短语构成及上下文意思看,此处partakes in相当于takes part in。再如break out-outbreak(名词爆发),setout-outset(名词起始),come in-income(名词收入) 。