托福送分题型——词汇题

　　童鞋，看了这个标题的前半截你是不是有点激动?送分呢!(宝宝们聚集起来!)但是看到是词汇题，词汇量少的宝宝是不是又有点绝望(宝宝们别着急散去啊!)。词汇题正是阅读题型中“难者不会，会者不难”神一样的存在。今天我们就来一窥究竟吧!找找那些被你忽视的解题线索。

　　词汇量少的宝宝可看好了哦!

　　最易忽视的线索1：与词汇搭配的介词。

　　任何词性的单词与介词搭配，词义都由介词的词义定。举个简单的例子：seek for/search for/hunt for/look for，都由for 来搭配，虽然四个动词从词义上来说有区别，但都是表示找寻什么，也是因为介词for的作用。For有表“目标”的意思。

　　TPO1-2

　　24. But neither the human imitative instinct nor a penchant for fantasy by itself leads to an autonomous theater.

　　The word “penchant” in the passage is closet in meaning to

　　A. Compromise B. Inclination C. Tradition D. Respect

　　解析：介词for可以用来表示“去向，趋势”。比如：I’ll leave for Chicago tomorrow.四个选项里面B具有明显的趋向性，所以答案为B。

　　DELTA EXERCISE

　　When hoisted up in the sky, the microscopic particles act as multiple surfaces on which the moisture in clouds can condense as tiny droplets.

　　The word “hoisted”in the passage is close in meaning to

　　A. Lifted B.Grouped C. Returned D. Pointed

　　解析：介词up可以用来表示“在……上面”,所以答案为A。

　　TPO1-3

　　37. This is because the gaps among the original grains are often not totally plugged with cementing chemicals; also, parts of the original grains may become dissolved by percolating ground water…

　　The word “plugged”in the passage is closet in meaning to

　　A. washed B. dragged C. filled up D. Soaked through

　　解析：介词with可以用来表示“在一起、用、有”。plugged 所在句子句意大致为：原本的颗粒之间的缝隙并没有完全被粘性的化学物质所XX。鉴于有with，可以猜测是因为粘性的化学物质把缝隙连起来了，C选项的filledup表示填充，正好符合，所以答案为C。

　　DELTA EXERCISE

　　One of the rose’s most common associations in folklore is with death. The Romans oftendecked the tombs of the dead with roses;

　　The word “decked” in the passage is closet in meaning to

　　A. Painted B. Separated C. Decorated D. Disguised

　　解析：decked和介词with这里搭配，with就表示“用和伴随”。那么通过句意可以猜到是用玫瑰花装饰死者的坟墓，所以答案为C。

　　TPO2-3

　　37. At the same time, the image that the spectator looked at expanded from the minuscule peepshow dimensions of 1 or 2 inches (in height) to the life-size proportions of 6 or 9 feet.

　　The word expanded in the passage is closet in meaning to

　　A. Was enlarged B. Was improved

　　C. Was varied D. Was rejected

　　解析：expanded和介词from…to在这里搭配，而from…to本来就表示变化。from后面是1or 2 inches (in height)1或2英寸高，to后面是life-size…6 or 9 feet真实大小，6或9英尺。那么“从小变大”，答案为A。

　　线索2：逻辑关系-转折or 同义重申。所以答案应该在与原文句子里的单词有近义词或反义词当中寻找。是不是太简单粗暴了?是的，我们就是这样的。

　　所有的逻辑关系我们都可以简化为转折和同义重申。有转折词的即为转折，无转折词的即为同义重申(同样的范畴和语气通过不同的方式再说一次)。

　　词与词之间：

　　TPO1-2

　　15. In seeking to describe the origins of theater, one must rely primarily on speculation, since there is little concrete evidence on which to draw. The most widely accepted theory,championed by anthropologists in the late nine teenth and early twentieth century, envisions theater as emerging out of myth and ritual.

　　The word “championed”in the passage is closet in meaning to

　　A. Changed B. Debated C. Created D. Supported

　　解析：The most widely accepted theory,championed by anthropologists……中，championed其实是和accepted是并列的关系，都是用来修饰theory的。那么accepted这个词是个常规词汇，意思为接受，那么championed也就是相近的意思，那么答案为D，接受的，支持的。