实例讲解托福词汇题5种高效解题思路

　　1. 通过直接反义词来判断

　　托福阅读中有很多直接反义词，这些词的前或后出现的内容会是很明显的反义关系。大家如果不理解的话可以先看一个中文例子：小王是个____的人，相反她是一个内向的人。从后面的内向可以推出前面应该是个外向之类的词。所以我们要关注的就是类似例子中“相反”这样的直接反义词，英文里比较常见的有：

　　rather than, instead, unlike, contrast, on the contrary等等。

　　实例： The main conflict in the novel is between a mother who places a high value on hard work and honor and a son who repudiates his mother’s values instead preferring the easier path to fortune and celebrity

　　问题： the word repudiates in the passage in closest in meaning to __

　　A. refuses to accept B. lives up to C. tries to understand D. makes the best of

　　假如repudiates这个词大家不认识，那么完全可以从后面的小词instead这个词判定儿子和妈妈的价值观念是相反的，根据这一判断再看四个选项，你会发现只有A选项带有否定的意味，这道词汇题就轻松做出来了。

　　2. 通过并列关系去判定

　　托福阅读中表示并列关系的常用词汇有：

　　and, not only...but also, as…as, both, either...or..., neither...nor...等等。

　　实例：She embarked on her career by working as a newspaper reporter in Wisconsin and soon began writing novels.

　　问题: The phrase embarked on in this sentence is closest in meaning to

　　A. took a trip to B. started out on C. improved upon D. had a opinion about

　　我们可以从前后关系判定,首先我们看到一个词career职业生涯。我们在这句中看到关健词and其后出现soon began告诉我们前后方向是一致的，前面也必然和began有关，所以本题目的正确答案是B。

　　3. 通过解释词汇来判断

　　所谓解释词汇，也就是后面的句子或短语词汇来解释前面的词，常见的标志词有:

　　contribute to, be responsible for, account for, since, therefore, because, in which

　　实例：His big break came with the novel So big(1924) ,which was awarded the Pulitzer in literature.

　　问题： the word break in this sentence could best be replaced by ___

　　A. rupture B. revelation C. opportunity D. rest

　　which was awarded the Pulitzer in Literature告诉我们一定考查的是正态度，所以答案不可能是A或D，应该选C Opportunity，代表一种有利的状态或合适的时机。

　　4. 从动宾关系判断

　　托福阅读词汇题还有这种做法，就是看看宾语能否和动词搭配，考生可以从动词短语搭配去做判断。

　　实例：The oxidation of exhaust gases is one of primary sources of the world’s pollutions. The brown haze that is poised over some of the world’s largest cities is properly called photochemical smog.

　　The word poised in this sentence is closest in meaning to__

　　A. interacting B. sitting C. blowing D. poisoning

　　首先从搭配关系上可以排除interacting ,因为interact的搭配是with。然后可以从上下文关系排除blowing，因为blow over就吹走了不会有smog。同时D选项的poisoning在作为及物动词的时候才有pollute的含义，替换到本句中式不及物的用法只有一种含义表示投毒也不符合，所以选B。

　　5. 形容词修饰名词关系判定

　　不是每个形容词都可以修饰所有的名词。这就好比很少会有人去说一个队伍排得很粗，而一般都队伍排得很长，哪怕有很多人插队造成了队伍看上去很粗的感觉。

　　实例：When the gas reaches the air, it comes into contact with available oxygen from atmosphere and combines with the oxygen to produce nitrogen dioxide (No2),which is a gas with a brownish hue.

　　The word hue in this sentence is closest in meaning to

　　A. color B. odor C. thickness D. smoke

　　对于本题你会发现有个小词brownish呈褐色的，首先从形容词修饰名词关系可以直接排除B odor和C thickness，其次可以通过a gas with brownish hue前面的gas排除D选项smoke，用词重复。所以正确答案是A。