托福阅读题型分析之事实否定题

　　和谐英语网为同学们整理了托福阅读题型分析之事实否定题，供考生参考学习。

　　上面是对否定信息题的介绍，那么我们就会发现一个问题，我们都知道，事实信息题通常只需要找一个选项符合题干就可以了，否定事实信息题却要在原文中找三个选项符合“去否的题干”!聪明的同学已经发现了，这意味着否定事实信息题需要很大很大的阅读范围，它考查的能力比事实信息题要更加注重“信息查找能力”。很明显，这种思路是典型的“4选3”思路，与我们说的“巧解”大相径庭，那么如何“巧解”否定信息题呢?

　　我们来看一个例题：

　　Paragraph 7: The Cognitive approach. Cognitive psychologists assert that our behavior is influenced by our values, by the ways in which we interpret our situations and by choice. For example, people who believe that aggression is necessary and justified-as during wartime-are likely to act aggressively, whereas people who believe that a particular war or act of aggression is unjust, or who think that aggression is never justified, are less likely to behave aggressively.

　　Paragraph 8: One cognitive theory suggests that aggravating and painful events trigger unpleasant feelings. These feelings, in turn, can lead to aggressive action, but not automatically. Cognitive factors intervene. People decide whether they will act aggressively or not on the basis of factors such as their experiences with aggression and their interpretation of other people's motives. Supporting evidence comes from research showing that aggressive people often distort other people's motives. For example, they assume that other people mean them harm when they do not.

　　9. According to the cognitive approach described in paragraphs 7 and 8, all of the following may influence the decision whether to act aggressively EXCEPT a person's

　　○Moral values

　　○Previous experiences with aggression

　　○Instinct to avoid aggression

　　○Beliefs about other people's intentions

　　这道题目的定位范围是两个自然段，四个选项中有三个会influence the decision whether to act aggressively，有一个选项不会“影响一个人决定是否要表现的具有侵略性”，我们要选择这个选项。首先，在第七自然段的第二句“Cognitive psychologists assert that our behavior is influenced by our values, by the ways in which we interpret our situations and by choice.”中就提到moral values，对应A 选项。其次，在第八自然段中，第四句“People decide whether they will act aggressively or not on the basis of factors such as their experiences with aggression and their interpretation of other people's motives.”中提到两个选项，一个是“their experiences with aggression”对应B选项，另外一个是“interpretation of other people's motives”对应D选项。只有C选项的instinct没有提到，这道题目选择C选项。