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神经病学规范用词词汇

2009-01-02来源:
全国自然科学名词审定委员会公布的《医学名词》,按英文字母顺序排列
a
absence seizure:失神发作

acalculia:失算〔症〕

acute disseminated encephalomyelitis:急性播散性脑脊髓炎

adiadochokinesia:轮替动作不能

adie syndrome: 埃迪综合征

adrenoleukodystrophy:肾上腺脑白质营养不良

adversive seizure:旋转性发作

ageusia:味觉缺失

agnosia:失认〔症〕

agraphia:失写〔症〕

akinesia:运动不能

akinetic mutism:运动不能性缄默〔症〕

akinetic seizure:无动性发作

alexander disease:亚历山大病

alexia:失读〔症〕

allochesthesia:感觉定位不能

allochiria:感觉定侧不能

alpers disease:阿尔珀斯病

alstrom-hallgren syndrome: 阿尔斯特伦-海尔格伦综合征

alternate hemiplegia:交替性瘫痪

alzheimer disease: 阿尔茨海默病

amnesia: 遗忘〔症〕

amusia:失乐感〔症〕

amyotonia:肌张力缺失

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis:肌萎缩侧索硬化

amyotrophy:肌萎缩

analgesia:痛觉缺失

anarthria:构音不全

anesthesia:感觉缺失

anesthesia dolorosa:痛性感觉缺失

ankle clonus:踝阵挛

anosognosia:病感失认〔症〕

anterior cross bulbar syndrome:延髓前交叉综合征

anterograde amnesia: 顺行性遗忘

anton syndrome: 安东综合征

apathetic dementia:淡漠性痴呆

apert syndrome: 阿佩尔综合征

aphasia: 失语〔症〕

apraxia:失用〔症〕

aprosody:失语韵〔症〕

arachnoiditis:蛛网膜炎

areflexia:反射消失

arnold-chiari malformation: 阿诺德-基亚里畸形

arrhigosis:冷觉缺失

ascending myelitis:上升性脊髓炎

associated movement:联合运动

astasia abasia:站立行走不能

astatic seizure:起立不能发作

asterixis:扑翼样震颤

asynergia:协同动作不能

ataxia:共济失调

ataxic gait:共济失调步态

athetosis:手足徐动症

atonia:张力缺失

atonic seizure:失张力发作

atopognosia:位置失认〔症〕

atypical absence seizure:非典型失神发作

auditory agnosia:听觉失认〔症〕

auditory evoked potential, aep:听觉诱发电位

aura:先兆

auriculo-temporal syndrome:耳颞综合征

automatism:自动症

autotopagnosia:自身部位失认〔症〕

avellis syndrome: 阿韦利斯综合征

b
babinski sign: 巴宾斯基征

babinski-nageotte syndrome: 巴宾斯基-纳若特综合征

background activity:背景活动

bailey-cushing syndrome:贝利-库欣综合征

balint syndrome:巴林特综合征

ballism:投掷症

balo disease:巴洛病,又称“同心圆性硬化”(concentric sclerosis)

baragnosis:重量失认〔症〕

barré pyramidal sign: 巴雷锥体束征

bechterew sign: 别赫捷列夫征

becker muscular dystrophy:贝克肌营养不良

beevor sign:比弗征

benedikt syndrome: 贝内迪克特综合征

bielschowsky-jansky disease:比-扬病

binswanger disease:宾斯旺格病,又称“进行性白质脑病”

bornholm disease: 博恩霍尔姆病

bradykinesia:运动徐缓

bradylalia:言语徐缓

brain death: 脑死亡

brainstem auditory evoked potential, baep:脑干听觉诱发电位

brown-séquard syndrome:布朗-塞卡尔综合征

brudzinski sign:布鲁津斯基征

bruns syndrome:布伦斯综合征

bulbar paralysis, bulbar palsy:延髓性麻痹

burst suppression:爆发抑制

d

dandy-walker syndrome:丹迪-沃克综合征

decorticate rigidity:去皮质强直

decrement response:递减反应

dejerine-klumpke syndrome: 德热里纳-克隆普克综合征

dejerine-roussy syndrome:德热里纳-鲁西综合征

dejerine-sottas disease:德热里纳-索塔斯

dementia:痴呆

dementia agitata:激越性痴呆

demyelination:脱髓鞘

denervation potential:去神经电位

depth electroencephalogram:深部脑电图

depth electroencephalography:深部脑电图学

diencephalosis:间脑病

diplegia:双侧瘫痪

distal latency:远端潜伏期

dizziness:头晕

drop attack:跌倒发作

drunken gait:酒醉步态

duchenne muscular dystrophy: 迪谢内肌营养不良

duchenne-erb syndrome:迪谢内-埃尔布综合征

dysarthria:构音困难

dysarthria-clumsy hand syndrome:构音困难手笨拙综合征

dysdiadochokinesia:轮替运动困难

dysesthesia:感觉迟钝

dysgeusia:味觉障碍

dysgraphia:书写困难

dyskinesia:运动障碍

dyslalia: 言语困难

dyslexia:诵读困难

dysmetria:辨距困难

dysmyotonia:肌张力障碍

dyspraxia:运用障碍


dyssynergia:协同动作障碍

dystonia:张力失常

dystonia musculorum deformans:畸形性肌张力障碍

e
electrocorticogram:脑皮层电图

electrocorticography:脑皮层电图学

electroencephalogram:脑电图

electroencephalography:脑电图学

electromyelography:脊髓电图学

electromyogram:肌电图

electromyography, emg:肌电图学

electroneurography:神经电图学

electrothalamogram:丘脑电图

encephalitis:脑炎

encephalomyelitis:脑脊髓炎

encephalopathy:脑病

end plate noise:终板噪声

end plate potential:终板电位

ependymitis:室管膜炎

epilepsy:癫痫

epileptic seizure:癫痫发作

epileptiform pattern:癫痫样波型

essential tremor:特发性震颤

event related potential, erp:事件相关电位


f

facial tic:面肌抽搐,又称“面肌痉挛”

fasciculation:肌束震颤

fazio-londe syndrome:法齐奥-隆德综合征

fecal incontinence:大便失禁

festination:慌张步态

fibrillation:肌纤维震颤

flaccid hemiplegia:松弛性偏瘫

flaccid paralysis:松弛性瘫痪

flash visual evoked potential:闪光视觉诱发电位

focal epilepsy:局限型癫痫

foville syndrome:福维尔综合征

friedreich ataxia:弗里德赖希共济失调

f-wave:f波


g
garcin syndrome:加桑综合征

gaze paralysis:凝视瘫痪

generalized epilepsy:全身型癫痫

generalized seizure:全身发作

gerstmann syndrome:格斯特曼综合征

giant cell arteritis:巨细胞动脉炎

giant motor unit action potential:巨大运动单位动作电位

global amnesia, total amnesia: 完全性遗忘

gordon sign:戈登征

grand mal:大发作

graphanesthesia:皮肤书写觉缺失

guillain-barré syndrome:吉兰-巴雷综合征


h
h reflex:h反射

hallervorden-spatz disease: 哈勒沃登-施帕茨病

headache:头痛

hemianesthesia:偏侧感觉缺失

hemiatrophy:偏侧萎缩

hemiballismus:偏侧投掷症

hemichorea:偏侧舞蹈症

hemifacial spasm:偏侧面肌痉挛

hemihypertrophy:偏侧肥大

hemiparesis:轻偏瘫

hemiplegia:偏瘫

hemiplegic gait:偏瘫步态

hereditary cerebellar ataxia:遗传性小脑共济失调

hoffmann sign:霍夫曼征 horner syndrome:霍纳综合征

hunt disease: 亨特病

huntington disease:亨廷顿病

hypalgesia:痛觉减退

hyperalgesia:痛觉过敏

hyperhidrosis:多汗

hyperkinesia:运动过度

hyperostosis frontalis interna:额骨内板增生症

hyperpathia:痛觉过度

hyperreflexia:反射亢进

hypersexuality:性欲亢进

hypertonia:张力过高

hypesthesia:感觉减退

hypogeusia:味觉减退

hypohidrosis:少汗

hypokinesia:运动减少

hyporeflexia:反射减弱

hypothalamic syndrome:下丘脑综合征

hypotonia:张力过低

i

ideational apraxia:观念性失用〔症〕

ideokinetic apraxia:观念运动性失用〔症〕

idiopathic epilepsy:特发性癫痫

imitative synkinesia:模仿性联带运动

incontinence:失禁

incoordination:动作失调

injury potential:损伤hypersomnia:睡眠过度电位

intentional tremor:意向性震颤

internuclear ophthalmoplegia:核间性眼肌瘫痪

intracranial venous thrombosis:颅内静脉血栓形成

isaac syndrome:艾萨克综合征
j

jackson epilepsy:杰克逊癫痫

jackson syndrome:杰克逊综合征

jargon aphasia:杂乱性失语〔症〕

jitter:颤抖

joseph disease:约瑟夫病

jugular foramen syndrome:颈静脉孔综合征

k

hypsarrhythmia:高度节律失调

kearns-sayre syndrome:卡恩斯-塞尔综合征

kernig sign:凯尔尼格征

kinetic tremor:动作性震颤

klippel-feil disease:克利佩尔-费尔病

kocher-debr-semelaign syndrome:科克-德布雷-塞梅莱涅综合征

krabbe disease:克拉伯病

kufs disease:库夫斯病

kugelberg-welander disease:库格尔贝格-韦兰德病

kuru disease:库鲁病

l

lafora disease:拉福拉病

lambert-eaton syndrome:兰伯特-伊顿综合征

landry paralysis:兰德里瘫痪

laryngeal crisis:喉危象

lasgue sign:拉塞格征

late response:迟发反应

leber disease:莱伯病

leigh disease:利氏病

leri sign:莱里征

lethargy:嗜睡

leukoencephalitis:白质脑炎

lhermitte sign:莱尔米特征

locked-in syndrome:闭锁综合征

luft disease:勒夫特病

luxury perfusion syndrome:过度灌注综合征

M

macewen sign:麦克尤恩征

marinesco-sjgren syndrome:马里内斯科-舍格伦综合征

mayer sign: 迈耶征

mcardle disease:麦卡德尔病

megaconial myopathy:大锥状颗粒肌病

meningism:假性脑〔脊〕膜炎

meningitis:脑〔脊〕膜炎

meningoencephalitis:脑膜脑炎

meningomyelitis:脊膜脊髓炎

menkes disease:门克斯病又称“钢发综合征(steely hair syndrome)”

metachromatic leukodystrophy:异染性脑白质营养不良

micturition syncope:排尿晕厥

migraine:偏头痛

millard-gubler syndrome: 米亚尔-居布勒综合征

mirror writing:镜像书写

mitochondrial myopathy:线粒体肌病

mollaret meningitis:莫拉雷脑〔脊〕膜炎

monoballismus:单肢投掷症

mononeuritis:单神经炎

monoplegia:单瘫

moro reflex:莫罗反射

motor aphasia:运动性失语〔症〕

motor apraxia:运动性失用〔症〕

motor nerve conduction velocity:运动神经传导速度

motor unit action potential:运动单位动作电位

motor unit potential:运动单位电位

multilead electrode:多导电极

multiple sclerosis:多发性硬化

multiple spike and slow wave complex:多棘慢复合波

muscular hypertrophy:肌肥大

myalgia:肌痛

myasthenia:肌无力

myasthenia gravis:重症肌无力

myelitis:脊髓炎

myelopathy:脊髓病

myoclonic epilepsy:肌阵挛型癫痫

myoclonic seizure:肌阵挛发作

myoclonus:肌阵挛

myokymia:肌纤维颤搐

myopathy:肌病

myositis:肌炎

myositis ossificans:骨化性肌炎

myotonia:肌强直

myotonia atrophica:萎缩性肌强直

myotonic potential:肌强直电位

myotubular myopathy:肌管性肌病

m-wave:m波

N
narcolepsy:发作性睡病

nascent motor unit action potential:新生运动单位动作电位

nasopharyngeal electrode:鼻咽电极

necrotic myelitis:坏死性脊髓炎

needle electrode:针电极

nemaline myopathy, rod myopathy:线状体肌病,又称“棒状体肌病”

neuralgia:神经痛

neuritis:神经炎

neurology:神经病学

neuromyositis:神经肌炎

neuromyotonia:神经性肌强直

neuropathy:神经病

nodding spasm, spasmus nutans:点头痉挛

nominal aphasia:命名性失语〔症〕

nothnagel sign:诺特纳格尔征

nothnagel syndrome:诺特纳格尔综合征

nuclear ophthalmoplegia:核性眼肌瘫痪

nystagmus:眼震

O
ocular bobbing:眼球浮动

oculocephalogyric reflex:头眼反射

oculogyric crisis:眼动危象

oculogyric spasm:旋眼痉挛

olivopontocerebellar atrophy:橄榄体脑桥小脑萎缩

oppenheim sign:奥本海姆征

optical neuromyelitis:视神经脊髓炎

orbicularis sign:眼轮匝肌征

P

palatal myoclonus:软腭阵挛

pallanesthesia:振动觉缺失

palmomental reflex:掌颏反射

palsy, paralysis:麻痹,瘫痪

paraesthesia:感觉异常

parageusia:味觉倒错

paralexia:错读〔症〕

paramyotonia:副肌强直

paraparesis:轻截瘫

paraphasia:错语〔症〕

paraplegia:截瘫

parasomnia:深眠状态

paresis:轻瘫

parinaud syndrome:帕里诺综合征

parkinson disease:帕金森病,又称“震颤麻痹”

partial seizure:部分发作

patellar clonus:髌阵挛

pelizaeus-merzbacher disease:佩利措伊斯-梅茨巴赫病,简称“佩-梅病”

pendular reflex:钟摆样反射

periodic paralysis:周期性瘫痪

petit mal:小发作

phantom limb:幻肢

phantom sensation:幻感觉

phantom spike and slow wave complex:幻影棘慢复合波

photo convulsive response:光惊厥反应

photo myoclonic response:光肌阵挛反应

photo paroxysm response:光阵发反应

pick disease:皮克病

pill rolling tremor:捻丸样震颤

planotopokinesia:空间定位障碍

polymyoclonus:多肌阵挛

polymyositis:多肌炎

polyneuritis:多神经炎

polyneuropathy:多神经病

polyradiculitis:多神经根炎

positive sharp wave:正尖波

postinfectious encephalomyelitis:感染后脑脊髓炎

postvaccinal encephalomyelitis:疫苗接种后脑脊髓炎

primary lateral sclerosis:原发性侧索硬化

progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy:进行性多灶性白质脑病

progressive muscular dystrophy:进行性肌营养不良

progressive spinal muscular atrophy:进行性脊髓性肌萎缩

progressive stroke:进行性〔脑〕卒中

pronation sign:旋前征

prosopagnosia:面容失认〔症〕

pseudoataxia:假〔性〕共济失调

pseudoathetosis:假〔性〕手足徐动症

pseudobulbar paralysis, pseudobulbar palsy:假〔性〕延髓性麻痹

pseudohypertrophy:假〔性〕肥大

pseudomyotonia:假性肌强直

psychogenic headache:心因性头痛

psychomotor epilepsy:精神运动型癫痫

pyramidal sign:锥体束征

Q

quadriplegia:四肢瘫痪

queckenstedt test:奎肯施泰特试验(简称奎氏试验)

R

radiculitis:神经根炎

raymond cestan syndrome:蕾蒙*塞斯唐综合征

reflex epilepsy:反射性癫痫

refsum disease:雷夫叙姆病

restless leg syndrome:下肢不宁综合征

retrograde amnesia:逆行性遗忘

reverse steal phenomenon:反盗血现象

reversible ischemic attack:可逆性脑缺血发作

rhythm:节律

μ-rhythm:μ节律

rigidity:强直

riley-day syndrome:赖利-戴综合征

romberg sign:龙贝格征

rossolimo sign:罗索利莫征

S
santavuori disease:桑塔沃里病

schilder disease:希尔德病,又称“弥漫性硬化(diffuse sclerosis)”

schmidt syndrome:施密特综合征

sciatica, ischialgia:坐骨神经痛

seitelberger disease:赛特贝格病

sensory aphasia:感觉性失语〔症〕

sensory nerve conduction velocity:感觉神经传导速度

sharp and slow wave complex, sharp and wave complex:尖慢复合波

sharp wave:尖波

shy-drger syndrome:夏伊-德雷格综合征

simple partial seizure:简单部分发作

single fiber electromyography:单纤维肌电图学

skew deviation:反向偏斜

somatosensory evoked potential, sep:躯体感觉诱发电位

spasm:痉挛

spasmodic torticollis:痉挛性斜颈

spastic ataxic gait:痉挛性共济失调步态

spastic gait:痉挛步态

spastic hemiplegia:痉挛性偏瘫

spasticity:痉挛状态

spastic paralysis:痉挛性瘫痪

spastic synkinesia:痉挛性联带运动

sphenoidal electrode:蝶骨电极

spike and slow wave complex, spike and wave complex:棘慢复合波

spike wave:棘波

spinal evoked potential:脊髓诱发电位

static tremor:静止性震颤

status epilepticus:癫痫持续状态

steal phenomenon:盗血现象

steppage gait:跨阈步态

stereoanesthesia:立体觉缺失

stiff man syndrome:僵人综合征

stroke, apoplexy:〔脑〕卒中

sturge-weber syndrome:斯特奇-韦伯综合征

subacute combined sclerosis:亚急性联合硬化

subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, sspe:亚急性硬化性全脑炎

subclavian steal syndrome:锁骨下动脉盗血综合征

supranuclear ophthalmoplegia:核上性眼肌瘫痪

synkinesia:联带运动

syringobulbia:延髓空洞症

syringomyelia:脊髓空洞症


T
tactile agnosia:触觉失认〔症〕

tangier disease:丹吉尔病

tapia syndrome:塔皮亚综合征

tarsal tunnel syndrome:跗管综合征

temporal epilepsy:颞叶癫痫

tension headache:紧张性头痛

thalamic syndrome:丘脑综合征

thermanesthesia:温度觉缺失

thermohyperesthesia:温度觉过敏

thermohypesthesia:温度觉减退

thigmanesthesia:触觉缺失

thoracic outlet syndrome:胸出口综合征

tic:抽搐

todd paralysis:托德瘫痪

tolosa hunt syndrome:托洛萨-亨特综合征,又称“痛性眼肌麻痹”

tonic clonic seizure:强直阵挛发作

tonic reflex:强直反射

tonic seizure:强直发作

topoanesthesia:定位觉缺失

torsion dysmyotonia:扭转性肌张力障碍

transcortical motor aphasia:经皮质运动性失语〔症〕

transcortical sensory aphasia:经皮质感觉性失语〔症〕

transient ischemic attack:短暂性脑缺血发作

transient wave:一过性波

transverse myelitis:横贯性脊髓炎

tremor:震颤

triphasic wave:三相波

trismus:牙关紧闭

U
urinary incontinence:尿失禁

V

vegetative state:植物状态

vertebro-basilar artery insufficiency:椎基底动脉供血不足

vestibulo-ocular reflex:前庭眼反射

visual evoked potential, vep:视觉诱发电位

visual-spatial agnosia:视空间觉失认〔症〕

vogt syndrome:福格特综合征

W
wallenberg syndrome:瓦伦贝格综合征
α-wave:α波
β-wave:β波
δ-wave:δ波
θ-wave:θ波
weber syndrome:韦伯综合征

werdnig-hoffmann disease:韦德尼希-霍夫曼病,又称“婴儿型脊髓性肌萎缩”

wernicke disease:韦尼克病

wernicke encephalopathy:韦尼克脑病

wernicke syndrome:韦尼克综合征

wernicke-korsakoff syndrome:韦尼克-科尔萨科夫综合征