高中英语单词记忆表 第30期

devote  vt. 投入于，献身
[特征]
- The student devoted his time to his study.
这个学生把他的时间用在学习上。
[备考必背]
①重要词组
devote oneself to 献身于…… devote one's life to doing将一生贡献给……
- He has devoted his whole life to benefiting mankind.
他为全人类的利益献出了自己的一生。
②派生词：devotion  n. 奉献，投入
- The devotion of too much time to sports leaves too little time for studying.
把过多的时间花在体育运动上就使花在学习上的时间太少了。

difficulty  n. 困难，难点
[特征]
with difficulty 困难地，费尽地   in difficulty 处境困难
- This project is full of difficulties.
这个工程困难很多。
[贴心叮咛]
difficulty是difficult的名词形式。它既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词。
[考点]
表示“在某方面有困难”可以用“difficulty+in+doing sth.（in可以省略）”，而不能用“difficulty+ to do sth.”形式。
（误）There was no difficulty to solve the problem.
（正）There was no difficulty (in) solving the problem.
解决这问题毫无困难。

direct  vt. ①指路，指明方向 ②指导，指挥 ③导演（电影等）  adj. 笔直的；直率的
[特征]
a direct road 一条直路
- Could you direct me to the railway station?
请问道火车站怎么走？
- Who is directing the workmen?
谁在指挥工人？
- Who directed the movie?
谁执导的这部影片？
- He gave the boss a direct answer.
他给了老板一个直接的答案。
[贴心叮咛]
direct的基本含义是“指明方向”，其他意思都是由此引申而来，请注意参考上面的例句。
[练习与解答]
- Once a decision has been made, all of us should              it. [2004 湖北]
A. direct to  B. stick to  C. lead to  D. refer to
答案：B
（一旦做出了决定，我们大家都要遵守。本题考查动词词组的含义。direct to是“把……指向……”；stick to是“坚持”；lead to是“导致；通向”；refer to是“参考；提及”。）

disability  n. ①无力，无能 ②残疾
[特征]
在英文中，在一些单词前面通常会加上前缀dis，表示和后面这个单词相反的含义。disability就是由前缀dis（表示否定）+ability（能力）构成。
- He has a disability pension from the government.
他领有一笔政府发的伤残抚恤金。
[备考必背] 辨析disability和inability
这两个词都有“缺乏能力”的意思。disability多指身体残疾而引起的“缺乏能力”；而inability单纯指“不能”。
- He was disabled in the war and his disability prevented him from holding any job.
他在战争中残废了，这使他无法找到任何工作。
- The new secretary is still unable to work alone and this inability may cause her to lose the job.
新来的秘书至今仍不能独立工作，这很可能使她失去这份工作。