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分词作状语

2007-12-14来源:
As I didn't receive any letter from him, I gave him a call.
-> Not receiving any letter from him, I gave him a call.
  由于没有收到他的信,我给他打了电话。
  If more attention was given, the trees could have grown better.
-> Given more attention,the trees could have grown better.
 假如多给些照顾,那些树会长得更好。

典型例题
 1)_____ some officials, Napoleon inspected his army.
A. Followed  B. Followed by  C. Being followed  D. Having been followed
 答案B. Napoleon 与follow 之间有被动的含义。being followed除表达被动之外,还有动作正在进行之意。 followed by(被…跟随)。本题可改为:                 With some officials following, Napoleon inspected his army.
 
 2)There was a terrible noise ___ the sudden burst of light. 
A. followed  B. following  C. to be followed  D. being followed
 答案B. 由于声音在闪电后,因此为声跟随着光,声音为跟随的发出者,为主动。用现在分词。
 
 3)_______, liquids can be changed into gases.
A. Heating  B. To be heated  C. Heated  D. Heat
 答案C. 本题要选一分词作为状语。现在分词表主动,正在进行的;过去分词表被动的,已经完成的。对于液体来说是加热的受动者,是被动的,因而选C。它相当于一个状语从句 When it is heated,…

  注意: 选择现在分词还是过去分词,关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作是主句的主语发出,分词就选用现在分词,反之就用过去分词。
(Being ) used for a long time, the book looks old.
  由于用了很长时间,这本书看上去很旧。
Using the book, I find it useful.