介词by用法扫描
2007-12-30来源:
一、 表示时间期限 意为"到……为止""不迟于"。后接表示过去的时间状语时,多与过去完成时连用;后接now时,多与现在完成时连用;后接表示将来的时间状语时,多与一般将来时或将来完成时连用。例:
1. They had finished their work by the end of last week.到上周末他们已完成了工作。
2. Maybe she has returned by now.或许现在她已经回来了。
3.I'll be here by five o'clock this afternoon.我最迟在今天下午5点前到这里。
二、 表示位置 意为"在……旁边""靠近",分别相当于beside和near。例:
1. Come and sit by me.过来坐在我身旁。
2. The house stands by the side of the river.房子坐落在河边。
三、在被动语态里表示动作的执行者 意为"被""由"。例:
1.The bike was found by a boy last time.上次,这辆自行车是被一个男孩找到的。
2. These bridges must be built by those workers.这些桥一定是由那些工人建造的。
四、 表示交通方式 意为"骑""乘""坐",其后接不加任何修饰语的交通工具名称。例:
1.My mother often goes to work by bike.我母亲经常骑自行车去上班。
2.My and Mrs Green left here for London by plane yesterday.格林夫妇昨天乘飞机离开这里去伦敦了。
五、 表示动作的原因或手段 意为"用""借""由于""通过"。例:
1. He could tell the points of compass by the stars.他能通过看星星辨别方向。
2. By this means we made more bikes last year.去年,我们用这种方法生产了更多的自行车。
3. We learn to swim by swimming.我们通过游泳学习游泳。
4. The boss sent me away by mistake.由于犯错误,我被老板开除了。
六、 表示路径 意为"经过""沿着""通过",分别相当于past, along和through.。例:
1. You can go by the nearest road.你们能抄近路走。
2. They will come back by Hongkong.他们将取道香港回来。
七、用于某些习惯用语 例:
1. by oneself 单独地
2. by the way 顺便说(问)
3. one by one 逐个地
4. learn by heart 熟记
1. They had finished their work by the end of last week.到上周末他们已完成了工作。
2. Maybe she has returned by now.或许现在她已经回来了。
3.I'll be here by five o'clock this afternoon.我最迟在今天下午5点前到这里。
二、 表示位置 意为"在……旁边""靠近",分别相当于beside和near。例:
1. Come and sit by me.过来坐在我身旁。
2. The house stands by the side of the river.房子坐落在河边。
三、在被动语态里表示动作的执行者 意为"被""由"。例:
1.The bike was found by a boy last time.上次,这辆自行车是被一个男孩找到的。
2. These bridges must be built by those workers.这些桥一定是由那些工人建造的。
四、 表示交通方式 意为"骑""乘""坐",其后接不加任何修饰语的交通工具名称。例:
1.My mother often goes to work by bike.我母亲经常骑自行车去上班。
2.My and Mrs Green left here for London by plane yesterday.格林夫妇昨天乘飞机离开这里去伦敦了。
五、 表示动作的原因或手段 意为"用""借""由于""通过"。例:
1. He could tell the points of compass by the stars.他能通过看星星辨别方向。
2. By this means we made more bikes last year.去年,我们用这种方法生产了更多的自行车。
3. We learn to swim by swimming.我们通过游泳学习游泳。
4. The boss sent me away by mistake.由于犯错误,我被老板开除了。
六、 表示路径 意为"经过""沿着""通过",分别相当于past, along和through.。例:
1. You can go by the nearest road.你们能抄近路走。
2. They will come back by Hongkong.他们将取道香港回来。
七、用于某些习惯用语 例:
1. by oneself 单独地
2. by the way 顺便说(问)
3. one by one 逐个地
4. learn by heart 熟记