2004年职称英语等级考试试题、答案及题解理工类(B级)

第1部分：词汇选项  (第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)
    下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所
给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的
位置上。
l Have you talked to her lately?
  A lastly    B finally
  C shortly   D recently
2 While we don’t agree，we continue to befriends
  A whoever    B where
  C Although   D Whatever
3 Enormous sums of money have been spent on space exploration．
  A Much    B Large
  C Small    D Fixed    t
4 About one million Americans are diagnosed annually with skin cancer．
  A every year    B severely
  C actively      D every month
5 The policeman wrote down all the particulars of the accident
   A secrets    B details
   C benefits   D words
6 We will take your recent illness into consideration when marking your exams
A effect    B account
C effort    D discount
7 There are a limited number of books on this subject in the library．
A small    B total
C good    D great
8 The chairman proposed that we should stop the meeting
  A showed    B suggested
  C agreed     D believed
9 Mary has blended the ingredients.
A made      B mixed
C cooked     D eaten
10 They agreed to modify their policy．
  A clarify    B define
  C change   D develop
11 The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth．
    A take out    B break off
    C push in     D dig up
12 The economy continued to exhibit signs of decline in September．
  A play     B show
  C send     D tell
13 This table is strong and durable．
  A long-lasting    B extensive
  C far-reaching   D eternal
14 He endured great pain before he finally expired．
  A fired   B resigned
  C died   D retreated
15 The girl is gazing at herself the mirror．
  A smiling    B laughing
  C shouting   D staring
第2部分：阅读判断  (第16—22题，每题1分，共7分)
    阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。
如果该旬提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑：如果该旬提供的是错误信息，请在
答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该旬的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。
Mother Nature Shows Her Strength
    Tornadoes(龙卷风)and heavy thunderstorms moved across the Great Lakes and inc0
Trumbull County on Saturday evening．：The storms were dramatic and dangerous．
    George Snyder was driving the fire truck down Route 88 when he first noticed that a funnel
(漏斗状的)cloud was behind him．“I stopped the truck and watched the funnel cloud．It was
about 100 feet off the ground and I saw it go up and down for a while．It was moving toward
Bradley Road and then suddenly it disappeared．”Snyder said．
    Snyder only saw one of the funnel clouds that passed through northeastern Ohio on
Saturday．In Trumbull County, a tornado turned trees onto their sides．Some trees feel onto
houses and Cars．Other trees fell into telephone and electrical wires as they went down．
    Amanda Symcheck was having a party when the storm began．“I knew something was
wrong，”she said．“I saw the sky go green and pink(粉红色)．Then it sounded like a train
rushing toward the house．I started crying and told everyone to go to the basement for
protection．”
    The tornado caused a lot of damage to cars and houses in the area．It will take a long time
and much money to repair everything．There was also serious water damage from me
也under storms．The heavy rains and high wind caused the power to go out in many homes·
  The storms caused serious flooding in areas near the river．More than four inches of rain fell
in parts of Trumbull County．The river was so hight that the water ran into streets and houses．
Many streets had to be closed to Cars and trucks because of the high water．'This made it difficult
for fire trucks．police cars，and other rescue vehicles to help people who were in trouble·
    Many people who live near the river had to leave their homes for their own safety．Some
 people reported five feet of water in their homes．Local and state officials opened emergency
 shelters for the people who were evacuated(撤走)．The Red Cross served meals to them．
    “This was a really intense storm。”said Snyder． 'People were afraid。Mother Nature call be
fierce．We were lucky this time．No one was killed．”
16 The weather was nice in Trumbull County on Saturday evening．
  A Right    B Wrong    C Not mentioned
17 George Snyder was a firefighter．
  A Right    B Wrong    C Not mentioned
    、
18 Amanda Symcheck was having a party in the basement when the storm began·
  A Right    B Wrong    C Not mentioned
19 Power supply system was not damaged during the stoma·
  A Right    B Wrong    C Not mentioned
20 There had not been such a severe storm in Trumbull County for a hundred years
  A Right    B Wrong    C Not mentioned
21 Rescue vehicles had a hard time getting to people．
  A Right    B Wrong    C Not mentioned
22 Several people were missing during the storm．
  A Right    B Wrong    C Not mentioned
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子  (第23—30题，每题1分，共8分)    ．
    阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23"--26题要求从所给的6个选项
中为第1"-'4段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第27---30题要求从所给的6个选项中选
择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Ford
1 Ford’s great strength was the manufacturing .ring process-not invention．Long before he started
a car company，he was a worker, known for picking up pieces of metal and wire and turning them
into machines．He started putting cars together in 1 89 1. A1though it was by no means the first
popular automobile，the Model T showed the world use how creative Ford was at combining
technology and market．
2 The company‘s assembly line alone threw America’s Industrial Revolution into overdrive
(高速运转)．Instead of having workers put together the entire Car，Ford’s friends，who were great
toolmakers from Scotland，organized teams that added parts to each Model T as it moved down a
line．By the time F0rd’s Highland Park plant was humming(嗡嗡作响)along in 1914，the
world’s first automatic conveyor belt could turn out a car every 93 minutes．
3  The same year Henry Ford shocked the world with the$5.a．day minimum Wage scheme．
the greatest contribution he had ever made．The average wage in the auto industry then was$2.34
for a 9.hour shift．Ford not only doubled that．he also took an hour off the workday．In those
years it was unthinkable that a man could be Paid that much for doing something that didn’t
involve an awful lot of training or education．The wall Street Journal called the plan“all
economic crime”．and critics everywhere 1aughed at Ford．
4  But as the wage increased later to daily$i0，it proved a critical component of Ford’s dream
to make the automobile accessible(可及的)to a11.The critics were too stupid to understand that
because F0rd had 10wered his costs per car ,the higher wages didn’t matter--except for making it
possible for more people to buy Cars．    ，
23 Paragraph 1                 
24 Paragraph 2              
25 Paragraph 3               
26 Paragraph 4                
A Ford’s Followers
B The Assembly Line
C Ford’s Great Dream
D The Establishment of the Company
E Ford’s Biggest Contribution
F Ford’8 Great Talent
27 The assembly line made it possible to            
28 Ford was the first to adopt
29 Higher wages enabled many people to
30 Ford’s higher—wage and lower—cost strategy was strongly
A criticized by the media
B the IOW wage in the auto industry
C own a car
D produce cars In Large numbers
E the 8-hour-shift practice
F combined technology and market
第4部分：阅读理解(第31----45题，每题3分，共45分)
    下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请根据文章的内容，
从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
第一篇
U．S．Blacks Hard·hit by Cancer
    Death rates for cancer are falling for all Americans．but black Americans are still more
likely to die of cancer than whites，the American Cancer Society said Monday
    In a special report on cancer and blacks，the organization said blacks are usually diagnosed
with cancer later than whites，and they are more likely to die of the disease．
  This could be because of unequal(不平等的)access to medical Care。Because blacks are
more likely to have other diseases as well，and perhaps because of differences in the biology(生
物学)of the can cancer itself, the report added．
    “In general，black Americans have less hope of surviving five years after diagnosis thail
whites for all cancer sites and all stages of diagnosis．”the report said．
    “In describing cancer statistics for black Americans，this report recognizes that many of the
differences associated with race may be caused by unfair social and economic differences and
unequal access to medical care．’
  The cancer society said blacks should be encouraged to get check-ups(体格检查)earlier,
When cancer is more treatable．and it said more research is needed to see if biological differences
play a role．
    ‘‘The new statistics emphasize the continuing importance of wiping out these unfair social
differences through public policy and education efforts，”the organization said in a statement．
    But it also noted a出op in cancer death rates．
    “Cancer death rates in both sexes for all sites combined have dropped greatly among black
Americans since 1992，as have incidence rates(发生率),”said the report．    ’
31 Black Americans arc more likely to die of cancer than
  A people in other countries．
  B  white Americans．
  C  all other Americans．
  D their ancestors．
32 Which may NOT be a reason for higher cancer death rates among US blacks?
  A  Unequal access to medical Care．
  B  Greater probability of having other diseases．    ．
  C  Differences in the biology of the cancer．  、
  D  Early diagnosis．
33 Cancer is more treatable if it is．detected
  A  in an early stage．
  B  in a late stage．
  C  a110fa sudden．
    D together with other diseases．
    、
34 Public policy and education efforts may help to do away with
A death rates．   
B  various cancers．
    C  unfair social differences．
    D  biological differences．
35 Since 1992，cancer death rates among black Americans
  A have been going up and down．
  B have remained stable．
  C have increased．
  D have fallen．
第二篇
Crystal Ear
    One day a friend asked my．wife Jill if I wanted a hearing aid．“He certainly does．”replied
Jill．After hearing about a remarkable new product．Jill finally got up the nerve to ask me if I’d
ever thought about getting a hearing aid．“No way,”I said．“It would make me look 20 years
older．”  “No。no。”she replied．”This is entirely different．It’s Crystal Ear!”
    Jill was right．Crystal Ear is different—not the old. Styled body worn over-the．ear aid。but
all advanced personal sound system so small that it’s like contacts(隐形眼镜)for your ears．And
Crystal Ear is super-sensitive and powerful．too．You will hear sounds your ears have been
missing for years．Crystal Ear will make speech 10uder,and the sound is pure add natural．
    I couldn’t believe how tiny it is．It is smaller than the tip of my little finger and it’s almost
invisible When worn．There are no wires。no behind—the．ear device．Put it in your ear and its
ready—to-wear mold(形状)fits comfortably．Since it’s not too loud or too tight，you may even
forget that you’re wearing it! Use it at work or at play．And if your hearing problem is worse in
certain situations，use Crystal Ear only when you need it．
    Hearing loss，which Occurs typically prior to teenage years，progresses throughout one’s
lifetime．A1though hearing loss is now the world’s number one health problem，nearly 90 percent
 of people suffering hearing 10SS choose to leave the problem untreated．For many millions，
treating hearing 10SS in a conventional way can involve numerous office visits，expensive testing
 and adjustments to fit your ear．Thanks to Crystal Ear，the“sound solution”is now convenient．
Almost 90 percent of people with mild hearing loss，and millions more with just a little hearing
 drop-off(下降)，can be dramatically helped with Crystal Ear．More over, its superior design is
energy-efficient，so batteries can last months．Crystal Ear is now available to help these people
treat their hearing loss with a small hearing amplifier(放大器)．
36 Initially the writer did not want t0 buy a hearing aid because
    A  it would make him look old．
    B  it would make him nervous．
    C  it was too expensive．
D  it was old-styled．
Which of the following is NOT true of Crystal Ear7
A It is highly sensitive．
B It is powerful．
C It is invisible．
D  It is wireless．
38 One special feature of Crystal Ear is that
  A you can control its volume．
  B you needn’t take it off everyday．
  C it is solar-powered．
  D it saves power．
39 According to the passage，hearing loss is
A only a minor health problem．
B the world’s most common health problem．
C merely a teenage disease．
D an incurable disease．
40 Many people leave their hearing problem untreated because
    A it is not serious．
    B Crystal Ear is not yet available．
    C it is not easy to have it treated．
    D they don’t want to look old．
第三篇
Technology Transfer in Germany
    when it comes to translating basic research into industrial success，few nations can match
Germany．Since the 1940s，the nation’s vast industrial base has been fed with a constant stream
of new ideas and expertise from science．And though German prosperity(繁荣)has faltered(衰
退)over the past decade because of the huge cost of unifying east and west as well as the global
economic decline，it still has an enviable(令人羡慕的)record for turning ideas into profit．
    Much of the reason for that success is the Fraunhofer Society, a network of research
institutes that exists solely to solve industrial problems and create sought。after technologies·But
today the Fraunhofer institutes have competition．Universities are taking an ever larger role in
technology transfer，and technology parks are springing up all over．These efforts are being
complemented by the federal programmes for pumping money into start-up companies·
  Such a strategy may sound like a recipe for economic success，but 1t is not without its crities,
These people worry that favouring applied research will mean neglecting basic science，
eventually starving industry of flesh ideas．If every scientist starts thinking like an entrepreneur
(企业家)，the argument goes，then the traditional principles of university research being
 curiosity．driven：free and widely available will suffer．Others claim that many of the
programmes to promote technology transfer are a waste of money because half the small
businesses that are promoted are bound to go bankrupt within a few years·
  While this debate continues，new ideas flow at a steady rate from Germany’s research
networks，which bear famous names such as Helmholtz，Max Planck and Leibniz．Yet it is the
fourth network，the Fraunhofer Society，that plays the greatest role in technology transfer．
    Founded in 1949.the Fraunhofer Society is now Europe’s largest organisation for applied
technology，and has 59 institutes employing 1 2，000 people．It continues to grow．Last year’it
swallowed up the Heinrich Hertz Institute for Communication Technology in Berlin．Today,
there are even Fraunhofers in the US and Asia．
41 What factor can be attributed to German prosperity?
  A Technology transfer．
  B  Good management．  
  C Hard work．
  D  Fierce competition．
42 Which of the following is NOT true of traditional university research?
    A  It is free．
    B  It is profit-driven．
    C  It is widely available．    ．
    D  It is curiosity—driven．
43 The Fraunhofer Society is the largest organisation for applied technology in
    A  Asia．
    B  USA．
    C  Europe．
    D  Africa．
44 When was the Fraunhofer Society founded?
    A  In 1940.
    B   Last year．
    C  After the unification．
    D  In 1949.
45 The word “expertise’ ’in line 3 could be best replaced by
  A  “experts”．
  B  “scientists”．
  C  “scholars”．
  D  “special knowledge”．
第5部分：补全短文  (第46"~50题，每题2分，共10分)
    阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择
5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位
置上。
Conservation or wasted Effort?
  The black robin(旅鸫)is one of the world’s rarest birds．It is a small，wild bird，and it lives
only on the island of Little Mangere，off the coast of New Zealand．In 1967 there were about
fifty black robins there；in 1977 there were fewer than ten．
Energetic steps are being taken to preserve the black robin．——(47)The idea is to
buy another island nearby as a special home，a“reserve”，for threatened wild life，including
black robins．The organizers say that Little Mangere should then be restocked(重新准备)with
the robin’s food．Thousands of the required plants are at present being cultivated in New
Zealand．
    Is all this concern a waste of human effort?
what is reasonable and what is unreasonable?
(48)Are we losing our sense of
  In the earth’s long，long past hundreds of kinds of creatures have evolved，risen to a degree
of success and died out．In the long，long future there will be many new and different forms of
life．Those creatures that adapt themselves successfully to what the earth offers will survive for a
long time．——(49)This is nature’s proven method of operation．
  The rule of selection--“the survival of the fittest”—-is the one by which human beings have
themselves arrived on the scene．We，being ode of the most adaptable creatures the earth has yet
produced，may last longer than most．——(SO)You may take it as another rule that when，
at last．human beings show signs of dying out，no other creature will extend a paw(爪)to
postpone our departure．On the contrary, we will be hurried out．
  Life seems to have grown too tough for black robins．I leave you to judge whether we
should try to do anything about it．
A  Some creatures，certain small animals，insects and birds，will almost certainly outlast
  (比……长久)man，for they seem even more adaptable．
B Those that fail to meet the challenges will disappear early．
C Detailed studies are going on，and a public appeal for money has been made．
D Both represent orders in the classification of life
E Is it any business of ours whether the black robin survives or dies out?
F These are the only black robins left in the world
第6部分：完形填空  (第51~65题，每题1分，共15分)   
    阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从
4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Unpopular Subjects?
Is there a place in today’s society for the study of useless subjects in our universities? Just
over 100 years ago Fitzgerald argued in a well-written letter        (51)Nature that
“Universities must be allowed to study useless subjects-         (52)they don’t，who
will?，，He went 0n to use the           (53)of Maxwell’s electrodynamics_(电动力学)as one
case where a“useless subject” has been transformed to a useful subject．
Nowadays this argument is again very much         (54)in many universities．Indeed
one suspects that it is one of those arguments that must be          (55)anew(重新)by
each generation．But now there is an added twist  ~)--subjects must not only be useful，they
must also be         (56)enough that students will flock(蜂拥)to d0 them，and even flock
to pay to do them．
As universities become commercial operations，the pressure to——(57)subjects or
departments that are less popular will become stronger and stronger, Perhaps this is most
strongly——(58)at the moment by physics．There has been much——(59)in
the press of universities that are closing down physics departments and incorporate them with
mathematics or engineering departments．
Many scientists think otherwise．They see physics as a——(60)science，which
must be kept alive if only to          (61)a base for other sciences and engineering．It is of
their great personal concern that physics teaching and research is under         (62)in
many universities．How Can it be preserved in the rush towards commercial competition? A
major turnaround(转变)in student popularity may have to——(63)until the industrial
world discovers that it needs physicists and starts paying them well．
  Physics is now not only unpopular；it is also“hard”．We can do more about the latter                                        by              (64)teaching in our schools and universities．We can also             (65)
cooperative arrangements to ensure that physicists keep their research and teaching up to date
51 about          B of                C to                     D on
52 if             B as                C because                 D since
53 question       B example           C design                   D  device
54 powerful       B terrible            C difficult                 D active
55 fought         B weighted           C respected                D selected
56 clear          B popular            C indefinite                D available
57 choose         B strengthen         C eliminate                D identify
58 recommended   B opposed           C suspected                D felt
59 discussion      B fancy             C evidence                 D influence
60 precise         B noble             C new                    D fundamental
61 install         B provide            C reach                   D cover
62 agreement      B construction       C threat                    D consideration
63 wait           B move             C progress                 D increase
64 running        B improving         C learning                  D dropping
65 fix            B modify           C review                    D develop
2004年职称英语等级考试
理工类（B）答案
满分100分，其中：
l一15每题1分：
16—30每题1分；
31—45每题3分0
46—50每题2分：
51—65每题1分。
1．D  2.C   3.B    4.A     5.B       6.B       7.A      8.B      9.B         10.C
11.A   12.B    13.A  14．C    15．D   16．B    17．A    18．B    19．B    20．C    21．A    22．C    23．F    24.B    25.E    26.C      27.D    28.E     29.C    30.A
31．B    32．D  33．A  34．C    35．D      36．A    37．C    38．D    39．B    40．C
41．A  42．B    43．C    44．D  45．D   46．F    47．C    48．E    49．B    50．A
51．C  52.A    53.B    54.D    55.A     56.B    57.C     58.D    59.A     60.D 
61.D     62.C   63.A     64.B65．D

2004年职称英语等级考试
理工类(B级)题解
第1部分：词汇选项
1．．答案为D。“lately’和“r‘recently”都有“最近”的意思。
2．  答案为C。“while”在这个句子中引起的是一个让步从句，所起的作用是跟“although”
    一样的。
3．  答案为B。“enormous”和“large”都是“巨大的”，在这里两者可以互换。
4．  答案为A。’“annually”就是“every year”的意思。    ’
5．’答案为B。“details”是“细节”的意思。“particulars”也是“细节”的意思。
6．  答案为B。take…into consideration与take…into account这两个短语意思相同，故选
    B。
7．  答案为A。limited：数量有限的，a limited number of books：有限的一些书籍。这里limited
    number与small number意思相同，故选A。
8．  答案为B。propose与suggest都是“提议，建议”的意思，这里可以互换，故选B。
9．  答案为B。blended与mixed都有“把……混合起来”的意思，此处可互换，故选B。
10．答案为C。：modify的意思是“修改”，与change意思相同，故选C。modify的意思是
    “改动，修改”，故和change同义，clarify的意思是“澄清”，define是“界定”的意
    思。
儿．答案为A。  extract a tooth是“拔牙”的意思，在四个选项中只有take out可以替代。
12．答案为B。句子的意思是“九月份经济继续呈现衰退的迹象”，和exhibit同义的只
  有show。是最佳答案。
13．答案为A。durable：耐用的，long．1asting：持久的。画线词与选项A意思相同，可互
    换，故A为正确答案。
14．答案为C。expire的意思是“断气”，即“死了”，与选项C意思相同，故c为答案。
15．答案为D。gaze的意思是“长时间盯看……”，与选项D意思相同，所以D为答案。
第2部分：阅读判断
16．答案为B。本题的意思是：星期六傍晚，‘Trumbull县天气很好。本题句意思与原文相
    反。原文第一段上来就讲到当时龙卷风和暴风雨滚滚而来。
17．答案为A。本题的意思是：George Snyder是一位消防员。原文虽然没有直说他是干什
    么的，但提到他正开着消防车(fire truck)，由此可以推断他是消防员。
18．答案为B。本题可译为：暴风雨来临时Amanda Symcheck与别人正在地下室里聚会。
    原文是说他们正在聚会，但没说在地下室里聚会。而是说暴风雨来临后，他们跑到地
    下室里躲藏。
19．答案为B。本题可译为：暴风雨中供电系统没遭到破坏。第五段最后一句说大风和暴
    雨使一些家庭的供电出现了问题，与题项矛盾，故选B。
20．答案为C。本题可译为：一百年来，‘Trumbull还没有遇到过这么大的暴风雨呢。此句
    的意思文章中根本没有提到，故选C。
21．答案为A。本题的意思是：救援车辆费了很大劲才把人救出来。此句的意思在倒数第
    三段最后一句提到了，故选A。
22．答案为C。本题可译为：暴风雨中有几个人失踪了。此句的意思文章中没有提到，故
    选C。
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子
23．正确答案为F。第一段的最后一句是这么说的：虽然T模型谈不上是第一种通用的汽
    车，但它向世界表明了Ford在把技术和市场结合在一起方面多么富有创造性。
24．正确答案为B。第二段的第一句话是这么说的：公司的装配线独自把美国的工业革命
    投入到高速运转之中。这是个主题句，讲的是“装配线”。
25．正确答案为E。第三段的第一句话是这么说的：同年Ford以提出一天最低5美元的工
    资制度而震惊世界，这是他至此做出的最大的贡献。这是个主题句。
26．正确答案为C。第四段的第一句是这么说的：然而，随着工资后来升到一天10美元，
    Ford梦想中的关键部分，即大家都买得起汽车，是可以实现的。因此，C是正确的答
    案。
27．正确答案为D。第二段的最后一个句子中提到“这个世界上的第一条汽车输送带每93
    分钟就生产一辆小汽车”。这个速度在当时是相当高的，可以想像，一年下来生产汽
    车的数量是相当大的。    ’
28．正确答案为E。第三段讲到。当是汽车工业实行的是9小时工作制，平均每小时2．34
    美元。Ford不仅把工资翻了翻，而且还把工作日中的工作时数去除了一小时。也就是
    说，Ford是第一个实行8小时工作的人。
29．正确答案为c。c填入后整个句子说的是：
    起。答案可见于最后一段的最后一句。
30．正确答案为A。A填入后整个句子说的是：
    批评。答案可以在第三和第四段中找到。
第4部分：阅读理解
由于Ford生产的车成本底，普通人也买得
Ford的高工资、低成本策略受到了传媒的
31．正确答案为B。文章第一段只是将美国黑人与美国白人的癌症死亡率进行了比较。
32．正确答案为D。前三项原因在文章第三段中都被提到了，而早期诊断是有助于降低癌
  症死亡率的。
33．正确答案为A。从文章的第六段可以得知，癌症越早发现越有利于治疗。
34．正确答案为C。文章的第七段提到，大力开展宣传教育有助于消除不平等的社会差异。
35．正确答案为D。从文章的最后一段可以得知，1992年以来，美国黑人的癌症死亡率下
    降了。
36．正确答案为A。从文章第一段中的第三句话可以看出，作者的第一反应是戴助听器会
  使他看上去老许多。
37．正确答案为C。文章第三段中的第一句提到，“水晶耳”几乎看不见，但这并不等于
    看不见。
38．正确答案为D。从文章的倒数第二句可以得知，“水晶耳”的非凡设计使其十分节能。
39．正确答案为B。从文章的最后一段第二句的前半部分可以得知，失聪目前是世界头号
    健康问题。
40．正确答案为C。从文章的最后一段可以得知，许多失聪患者有病不治的原因是该病治
  起来十分麻烦。
41．正确答案为A。答案在第一段可以找到，该段的最后一句话it still has an’enviable record
    for turning ideas into profit是该段的总结，明确指出了德国的繁荣归功于技术的转换。
42．正确答案为B。答案可以在第三段里找到，这一段里有这样一句话：traditional principles
    of university research being curiosity-driven，free and widely available will suffer，传统的
    大学科研原则有三个特点，惟独没有profit-driven，即受利益驱动。
43．正确答案为C。答案在最后一段里讲得很清楚。
44．正确答案为D。答案在最后一段的第一句话里。
45．正确答案为D。expertise是“特殊领域的知识和学问”的意思，另外三个选项都用来
    指人，在这个上下文里根本不合适。
第5部分：补全短文
46．正确答案为F。这篇文章的主题是保护珍稀物种。文章第一段讲到，离新西兰不远的
    一座岛上生活着一些黑旅鸫，这些鸟已经不多了，1967年时还有50多只，1977年的
    时候还剩10只。选项F的意思是：这是世界上仅存的黑旅鸫了。逻辑上讥这两句
    话的意思是讲得通的，these就指前面的black robins，故答案为F。
47．正确答案为C。第二段第一句说，人们正采取一些积极的办法来保护这种鸟类。采取
    什么办法呢?选项C说，一方面详细的研究工作正在进行，另一方面人们已经募集了
    许多钱来从事保护工作。选项c正是对本段第一句的说明或解释，故选项C为正确答
    案。    ．
48．正确答案为E。选项E是一个问句，第三段中的第一句和最后一句也是问旬。根据这
    个线索我们也可以做出正确选择。选项E的意思是说，黑旅鸫消失或是保存下来关我
    们什么事吗?把它放到原文中去，意思连起来顺畅，故选E。
49．正确答案为B。文章第四段主要在谈地球上的万物都遵循优胜劣汰，适者生存的的规
    律。选项B就是这个意思。注意这里的“those”指代的是those creatures。
50．正确答案为A。这一段还在谈适者生存的规律，其中提到地球上的人类可能比某些物
    种存活的长久，选项A则说的是，有些物种(一些小动物、昆虫或鸟类)却比人存活
    的更久。此旬意思可以和前面的意思连得上，所以选A。
第6部分：完形填空
51．答案为c。lette~·t0：写给……的信。空格后是一学术杂志《自然》的名称，故选C。
52．答案为A。虽然这几个连词放到空白处词句形式上都成立，但只有选项A放进去后意
    思才讲得通，故选A。
53．答案为B。example和后面的case在这里意思一样，‘其他几个选项放在句子中意思不
    通。
54．答案为D。此题必须看懂前面的意思才能选对。active在这里表示“热烈的，激烈的”
    意思。形容争论或讨论热烈，用active。
55．答案为A。这里要看搭配，fight可以和argument搭配，其他不可以。
56．答案为B。popular的意思是“时髦的，热门的”。一些专业只有成为热门，选的学生
    才多。根据上下文只能选B。
57．答案为C。eliminate的意思是：to completely get rid of something$that．is unnecessary or
    unwanted(撤掉，拿掉)，此词放入原句中意思讲得通。
58．答案为D。本段前面两句主要谈人们想把一些不时髦的专业和系砍掉。本题所在的句
    子的意思是物理系感触尤深。
59．答案为A。此题必须从上下文的意思上来考虑，因为其他几个词放到句子中去也可以
    说得通，但结合上下文只有选项A合适，其他的选项都不合适。
60．答案为D。fundamental：基础的。fundamental science：基础科学。
61．答案为B。provide a base for other science：为其他科学打基础。其他几个选项不能和
    base搭配，意思上也讲不通。
62．答案为C。under threat：面临危险。选项A一般不可与under搭配使用。选项B和D
    虽然可以和under搭配使用，但根据上下文在这里意思讲不通。
63．答案为A。该旬的意思是：只有等到工业界的人们发现，他们需要物理学家，而且开
    始高薪聘用他们时，更多的学生才会对物理学感兴趣。wait until…：等到…^时候。
    其他几个选项意思讲不通。    ’
64．答案为B。如何使物理不难学呢?那就是要改进教学方法。improve：改进，提高。
65．答案为D。此题亦需从上下文的意思上来考虑，fix，modify，review虽然可以和
    arrangement搭配，但这里只有develop arrangement符合原文的意思，所以选D。