2006职称英语考试模全真拟试题卫生类C级第四套

第一部分：词汇选择（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分）
下面共有15句子，每个句子均有一个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的四个选项中选择一个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

1. First editions of certain popular books cannot be obtained for love or money.
A) at any place B) at any price C) in any language D) in any country

2. The company recommended that a new petrol station（should） be built here.
A) ordered B) insisted C) suggested D) demanded

3. It hard for the young people to imagine what severe conditions their parents once lived under.
A) sincere B) hard C) strict D) tight

4. The house stands as steady as a rock in the wind.
A) continuous B) quick C) firm D) exceptional

5. You must shine your shoes.
A) lighten B) clean C) wash D) polish

6. While serving in the Senate in the early 1970s Barbara Jordan supported legislation to ban discrimination and to deal with environment problems.
A) list B) forbid C)handle D)investigate

7．A beautiful woman attended to me in that store yesterday.
A) waited on B) talked to C) spoke to D) stayed with

8. Loud noises can be annoying.
A) hateful B) painful C) horrifying D)disturbing

9. These are our motives for doing it.
A) reasons B) arguments C) targets D)pursuit

10. Successful leaders dominate events rather than react to them.
A) control B) contribute C) convey D)contact

11. The example was fundamental to the argument.
A) impressive B) public C) essential D)slight

12. They are still calculating the impact of automation on the lives of factory workers.
A) affect B) influence C) pressure D)passion

13. She finally recovered herself one month after the operation on her stomach.
A) got along B) got better C) got on D)got out

14. The minister headed the committee.
A) was on the verge of B) was on the basis of
C) was at the cost of D) was in charge of

15. Her words offended me.
A) made angry B) made happy C) made excited D)made disappointed

第二部分：阅读判断（每题1分，共七分）
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了七个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑

Smoking

Since 1939, numerous studies have been conducted to determine whether smoking is a health hazard. The trend of the evidence has been consistent and indicates that there is a serious health risk. Research teams have conducted studies that show beyond all reasonable doubt that tobacco smoking is associated with a shortened life expectancy.
Cigarette smoking is believed by most research workers in this field to be an important factor in the development of cancer of the lungs and cancer of the throat and is believed to be related to cancer of some other organs of the body. Male cigarette smokers have a higher death rate from heart disease than non-smoking males. Female smokers are thought to be less affected because they do not breathe in the smoke so deeply.
Apart from statistics, it might be helpful to look at what tobacco does to the human body. Smoke is a mixture of gases, vaporized chemicals, minute particles of ash and other solids. There is also nicotine, which is powerful poison, and black tar. As smoke is breathed in, all those components from deposits on the membranes of the lungs. One point of concentration is where the air tube and bronchus divides. Most lung cancer begins at this point.
Filters and low tar tobacco are claimed to make smoking to some extent safer, but they can only slightly reduce, not eliminate the hazards.

1. It is easy to determine whether smoking is hazardous.
A. Right B.Wrong C. Not mentioned

2. Smoking reduces one's life expectancy.
A. Right B.Wrong C. Not mentioned

3. Smoking may induce lung cancer.
A. Right B.Wrong C. Not mentioned

4. There is evidence that smoking is responsible for breast cancer.
A. Right B.Wrong C. Not mentioned

5. Male smokers have a lower death rate from heart disease than female smokers
A. Right B.Wrong C. Not mentioned

6. Nicotine is poisonous.
A. Right B.Wrong C. Not mentioned

7. Filters and low tar tobacco make smoking safer.
A. Right B.Wrong C. Not mentioned

第三部分：概括大意与完成句子 （每题1分，共8分）
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1）1---4 题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2--5 段每段选择1个正确的小标题；（2）第5--8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确的选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

How to Argue with your Boss

1. Before you argue with your boss, check with the boss’s secretary to determine his mood. If he ate nails for breakfast, it is not a good idea to ask him for something. Even without the boss’s secretary, there are keys to timing: don’t approach the boss when he’s on deadline’ ; don’t go in right before lunch, when he is apt to be distracted and rushed; don’t go in just before or after he has taken a vacation.
2. If you’re mad, that will only make your boss mad. Calm down first. And don’t let a particular concern open the floodgates for all your accumulated frustration. The boss will feel that you think negatively about the company and it is hopeless trying to change your mind. Then , maybe he will dismiss you.
3. Terrible disputes can result when neither the employer nor the employee knows what is the problem the other wants to discuss. Sometimes the fight will go away when the issues are made clear. The employee has to get his point across clearly in order to make the boss understand it.
4. Your boss has enough on his mind without your adding more. If you can’t put forward an immediate solution, at least suggest how to approach the problem . People who frequently present problems without solutions to their bosses may soon find they can’t get past the secretary.
5. To deal effectively with a boss, it’s important to consider his goals and pressures. If you can put yourself in the position of being a partner to the boss, then he will be naturally more inclined to work you to achieve your goals.
练习：
1. Paragraph 2________
2. Paragraph 3________
3. Paragraph 4________
4. Paragraph 5________
A. Keep Your voice Low All the Time
B. Put Yourself in the Boss’s Position
C. Propose Your Solution
D. Don’t Go in When You are Angry
E. Make the Issue Clear
F. Never Give in
5. If you want to ask the boss for anything, it is important to find out first________.
6. It is necessary to make clear to the boss____________
7. It is not wise to present the boss with a problem___________
8. You must be considerate and think of the troubles__________
A. to give the boss your advice
B. how he is feeling
C. the boss may have
D. what you really want to talk to him about
E. without suggesting a way to solve it
F. how unhappy you are

第四部分：阅读理解（每题3分，共45分）
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

第1篇

U.S states do poorly in women’s health

Not a single U．S．state meets basic federal goals for women’s health，and the nation as a whole fails except in two areas-mammograms and dental check-ups-researchers said on
Thursday．
Millions of women lack health insurance，and states make it difficult to enroll in Medicaid，the state—federal health insurance plan for the poor，according to the report．
And few states are doing anywhere near enough to help women quit smoking—the leading cause of death in the United States．
“The nation as a whole and the individual states fall short of meeting national goals，”reads the report．put together by the National Women’s Law Center and the Oregon Health & Science University，
“These health objectives，primarily set for the nation by the U．S．Department of Health and Human Services’Healthy People 2010 agenda，provide a road map for assessing the status of women’s health．”
Of 27 measures examined by the group，from screening for diseases to actually treating
them，the nation passes on only two，the researchers said．“The nation is so far from the Healthy People goals that it receives an overall grade of‘unsatisfactory’，”they wrote．
The problem seems to be a lack among states of an overall plan for health in general，the NWLC said．
“State policy makers’ piecemeal approach to our health Care crisis has resulted in a complex and ineffective system that fails to meet the health care needs of women，”Judy Waxman，NWLC Vice President for Health，said in a statement．
“Lawmakers need to take a comprehensive，long-term approach to meeting women’S health
needs and tackle this serious problem that plagues SO many families．”
词汇：
mammogram／n．乳腺X光照片
dental／adj．牙齿的；牙科的
enroll／vi.加入，参加
piecemeal／adj．一件一件(做)的：逐渐(做)的；零碎(做)的
plague／vt．使苦恼；折磨；烦扰

练习：
1．The nation does poorly in all the following aspects of women’s health EXCEPT
A1 conducting dental check-ups．
B)helping women quit smoking．
C)screening for diseases．
D)treating cancer．

2．Medicaid is a program aimed at
A)helping women．
B)helping the poor．
C)reducing poverty．
D)preventing disease．

3． Which causes the biggest number of deaths in the US?
A)Accidents．
B)Heart disease．
C)Cancer．
D)Smoking．

4．The national goals for women’s health make it easier to
A)meet women’s health needs．
B)assess the status of women’s health．
C)make an overall plan for health in general．
D)deal with the health care crisis．

5． What kind of approach should be adopted to meet women’s health needs7
A)Piecemeal．
B)State-federal．
C)Comprehensive and long-term．
D)Complex and ineffective．

第2篇

Cigars instead

Smoking one or two cigars a day doubles the risk of cancers of the lip，tongue，mouth and throat，according to a government study．
Daily cigars also increase the risk of lung cancer and cancer of the esophagus，and increase the risk of cancer of the larynx(voicebox) sixfold，say researchers at the National Cancer Institute in Bethesda，Maryland．
In addition，the report revealed that smoking three or four cigars a day increased the risk of oral cancer to 8.5 times the risk for nonsmokers and the risk of esophageal cancer by four times the risk of nonsmokers．
The health effects of smoking cigars is one of eight sections of the article“Cigars：Health Effects and Trends．”The researchers report that，compared with a cigarette，a large cigar emits up to 90 times as much carcinogenic tobacco．specific nitrosamines．
“This article provides clear and invaluable information about the disturbing increase0 in
cigar use and the significant public health consequences。for the country，”said Dr．Richard
Klausner，director of the National Cancer Institute，in a statement．
“The data are clear—the harmful substances and carcinogens in cigar smoke．1ike
cigarettes，are associated with。the increased risks of several kinds of cancers as well as heart and lung diseases，”he added．“In other words，cigars are not safe alternatives to cigarettes and may be addictive．”
“To those individuals who may be thinking about smoking cigars,our advice is—don’t．To those currently smoking cigars，quitting is the only way to eliminate completely the cancer，heart and lung disease risks，”warned Klausner．
According to a National Cancer Institute press release, there haven’t been any studies on the health effects on nonsmokers at cigar social events．but“…a significant body of evidence clearly demonstrates an increased lung cancer risk from secondhand smoke．’’
词汇：
cigar／n．雪茄烟
double／vt．使加倍，把……增一倍
esophagus／n．食管
larynx／n．喉
esophageal／adj．食管的
emit／vt．发出，射出，散发
carcinogenic／adj．致癌的
nitrosamine／n．亚硝胺
invaluable／adj．非常宝贵的，无价的
carcinogen／n．致癌物
alternative／n．供替代的抉择
addictive／adj．(使人)上瘾的， (使人)入迷的
eliminate／vt．排除，消除，根
除

练习：
1．According co the report．smoking three or four cigars a day
A)increases the risk of oral cancer for non-smokers．
B)greatly increases the risk of oral cancer for smokers．
C)increases the risk of more than one cancer for non-smokers，
D)greatly increases the risk of more than one cancer for smokers．

2．In the passage how many cancers are mentioned in relation to smoking cigars daily?
A)Six．
B)Seven．
C)Eight．
D)Nine．

3．What is the main idea of the article“Cigars：Health Effects and Trends”?
A)When it comes to cancer，cigars are not any safer than cigarettes．
B)Cigars may be addictive while cigarettes are not easily so．
C)Cigars contain less harmful substances than cigarettes．
D)Increase in cigar-smoking does not affect public health much．

4．What is the doctors’advice to those cigar-smokers?
A)To give it up completely．
B)To give up part of it．
C)Not to think about it any more．
D)To cure the diseases first．

5．In the context of this passage,“secondhand smoke”means
A)smoking bad-quality cigars．
B)smoking very cheap cigars．
C)being near cigar smokers when they are not smoking．
D)being near cigar smokers when they are smoking．

第3篇

Some things we know about language

Many things about language are a mystery, and many will always remain SO．But some
things we do know．
First，we know that all human beings have a language of some sort．There is no race of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language，no set of speech sounds by which the people communicate with one mother．Furthermore，in historical times，there has never been a race of men without a language．
Second，there is no such thing as a primitive language．There are many people whose
cultures are undeveloped，who are，as we say，uncivilized, but the languages they speak are not primitive．In all known 1anguages we can see complexities that must have been tens of thousands of years in developing．
This has not always been well understood；indeed, the direct contrary has often been stated．Popular ideas of the 1anguage of the American Indians will illustrate．Many people have supposed that the Indians communicated in a very primitive system of noises．study has proved this to be nonsense．There are，or were，hundreds of American Indian languages，and a11 of them turn out to be very complicated and very old. They are certainly different from the languages that most of us are familiar with，but they are no more primitive five than English and Greek．
A third thing we know about language is that all languages are perfectly adequate．That is, each one is a perfect means of expressing the culture of the people who speak the language．
Finally, we know that language changes．It is natural and normal for language to change；
the only languages which do not change are the dead ones．This is easy to understand if we look backward in time．Change goes on in all aspects of language．Grammatical features change as do speech sounds，and changes in vocabulary are sometimes very extensive and may occur very rapidly．Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language．
词汇：
race／n．种族
primitive／adj．原始的
uncivilized／adj．不开化的，落后的
complexity／n．复杂性，复杂现象
nonsense／n．胡说，没有根据的话
extensive／adj．广泛的
vocabulary／n．词汇

练习：
1． In the second paragraph the author thinks that
A)some backward race doesn’t have a language of its own．
B)some race in history didn’t possess a language of its own．
C)any human race，whether backward or not，has a language．
D)some races on earth call communicate without language．

2． According to the author, people of undeveloped cultures can have___ languages.
A)complicated
B)uncivilized
C)primitive
D)well—known

3．The author has used American Indian languages as an example to show that they are
A)just as old as some well-known languages．
B)just as sophisticated as some well-known languages．
C)more developed than some well-known languages．
D)more complex than some well-known languages．

4. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?
A)A language is a means of expressing a particular culture．
B)All languages can well express their respective cultures．
C)American Indian languages are as sophisticated as English．
D)Some languages are better than other languages．

5． According to the author, language changes are most likely to occur in
A)grammar．
B)pronunciation．
C)vocabulary．
D)intonation．

第五部分：补全短文（每题2分，共10分）
阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放会文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置。

The first four minutes

When do people decide whether or not they want to become friends? During their first four minutes together, according to a book by Dr. Leonard Zunin. In his book, "Contact: The first four minutes," he offers this advice to anyone interested in starting new friendships: __1__. A lot of people's whole lives would change if they did just that.
You may have noticed that average person does not give his undivided attention to someone he as just met.__2__. If anyone has ever done this to you, you probably did not like him very much.
When we are introduced to new people, the author suggests, we should try to appear friendly and self-confident. In general, he says, "People like people who like themselves."
On the other hand, we should not make the other person think we are too sure of ourselves. It is important to appear interested and sympathetic, realizing that the other person has his won needs, fears, and hopes.
Hearing such advice, one might say, "But I'm not a friendly, self-confident person. That's not my nature. It would be dishonest for me to at that way."
__3__. We can become accustomed to any changes we choose to make in our personality. "It is like getting used to a new car. It may be unfamiliar at first, but it goes much better than the old one."
But isn't it dishonest to give the appearance of friendly self-confidence when we don't actually feel that way? Perhaps, but according to Dr. Zunin, "total honest" is not always good for social relationships, especially during the first few minutes of contact. There is a time for everything, and a certain amount of play-acting may be best for the first few minutes of contact with a stranger. That is not the time to complain about one's health or to mention faults one finds in other people. It is not the time to tell the whole truth about one's opinions and impressions.
__4__. For a husband and wife or a parent and child, problems often arise during their first four minutes together after they have been apart. Dr. Zunin suggests that these first few minutes together be treated with care. If there are unpleasant matters to be discussed, they should be dealt with later.
The author says that interpersonal relations should be taught as a required course in every school, along with reading, writing, and mathematics. __5__ that is at least as important as how much we know.

A. In reply, Dr. Zunin would claim that a little practice can help us feel comfortable about changing our social habits.
B. Much of what has been said about strangers also applies to relationships with family members and friends.
C. In his opinion, success in life depends mainly on how we get along with other people.
D. Every time you meet someone in a social situation, give him your undivided attention for four minutes.
E. He keeps looking over the other person's shoulder, as if hoping to find someone more interesting in another part of the room.
F. He is eager to make friends with everyone.
The first four minutes

第六部分：完型填空 （每题1分，共15分）
阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，并涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

Passive smoking is workplace killer

Pressure mounted on Britain on Monday to take action on __1__ smoking with new
research showing second．hand smoke__2__ about one worker each week in the hospitality
industry．
Professor Konrad Jamrozik，of Imperial College in London，told a conference on
environmental tobacco that second-hand__3__kills 49 employees in pubs，bars，restaurants
and hotels each year and contributes to 700 deaths from lung cancer，heart__4__ and stroke
across the total national work force．
“Exposure in the hospitality__5__at work outweighs the consequences of exposure of
living__6__ a smoker for those staff，” Jamrozik said in an interview．
Other__7__have measured the levels of exposure to passive smoking but Jamrozik
calculated how it would translate into avoidable deaths．
His findings are__8__ on the number of people working in the hospitality industry in
Britain．their exposure to second．hand smoke and their__9__of dying from it．
Jamrozik said me findings would apply to __10__countries in Europe because, to a
greater or__11__extent，levels of smoking in the community are similar．
Professor Carol Black，president of the Royal College of Physicians，which sponsored the meeting．said the research is proof of the need for a ban on smoking in __12__places．
“Environmental tobacco smoke in pubs，bars，restaurants and other public places
is__13__ damaging to the health of employees as well as the general public，”
she said in a statement．
“Making these places smoke．free not only protects vulnerable staff and the public。It will__14__help over 300，000 people in Britain to stop smoking completely，”she added．
Ireland recently became the first country to introduce a national ban on smoking in
Public__15__ ．New York and parts of Australia have taken similar measures．
词汇：
workplace／n．工作场所：车间
killer／n．杀人者；凶手
hospitality／n．友好款待；好客；殷勤
imperial／adj．英联邦的
outweighvt．在重要性(或价值上)超过
vulnerable／adj．易受伤的；脆弱的
练习：
1． A)passive B)natural C)extensive D)whole
2． A)kills B)hurts C)wounds D1 injures
3. A)dealing B)working C)system D)disease
4. A)rate B)motion C)smoking D)shopping
5． A)level B)industry C)location D)nature
6． A)close B)with C)for D)next
7． A)researchers B)patients C)members D)smokers
8． A)applied B)based C)called D)relied
9. A)learning B)turning C)dying D)suffering
10．A)no B)most C)few D)some
11．A)small B)larger C)lesser D)more
12．A)private B)secret C)open D)public
13．A)seriously B)strangely C)nervously D)personally
14．A)yet B)still C)also D)just
15．A)sports B)places C)moves D)actions
 
答案及解析
第一部分：词汇选择（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分）
下面共有15句子，每个句子均有一个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的四个选项中选择一个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

1． B．分析：借助划线短语中的基本词汇含义猜测短语可能的含义为“为了钱和爱”。而这四个备选答案中只有答案B （at any price/以任何代价）在基本用词上（price）与划线短语一致，而且在句意上也合理。该句含义是“某些流行书籍的首印版是无论如何也很难得到的。”

2． C．分析：该题考察与虚拟语气相关的常见动词。 recommend是“推荐”； order是“命令”； insist是“坚持”； demand 是“要求”；suggest 是“建议”。只有suggest与recommend语义相近，所以答案为C。

3． B. 分析：借助与划线词直接相关的搭配结构含义（..情况）判断B（艰苦的）。sincere是“真诚的”； hard是“艰苦的”； strict是“严肃的”； tight是“紧的”。

4． C.分析：借助句意（这座房子在风中..如磐石）判断答案C（稳固的）。exceptional adj
特别的；异常的； continuous adj.连续的, 持续的

5． D。 分析：借助联想法。画线词shine与常见词汇sunshine（阳光）有关。又因shine 的宾语是鞋子，所以推测shine 的含义与“使鞋子光亮”有关。所以polish（擦亮）D是答案。另外：lighten是“to make or become light or brighter/减轻(负担); 缓和, 使轻松, 使愉快，（使能发光的东西）变亮”，而wash是（洗）； clean是（使干净）。

6． B．分析：借助句意（20世纪70年代初期当Barbara Jordan在参议院里任职的时候，他就支持有关禁止种族歧视和解决环境问题的立法）判断答案B（禁止）。Forbid（forbade; forbidden） vt.禁止，不准，不许；Handle vt拿；处理；应付；控制； Ban vt./n.（法律上）禁止

7．A． 分析：该句含义是“昨天在那家商店里为我服务的是一位美丽的女服务员”。attend to v. 倾听,关心, 照顾； wait on v.服侍, 招待

8． D．分析：annoying adj.恼人的, 讨厌的; Horrifying vt令人感到恐怖的; painful adj.疼痛的, 使痛苦的； disturbing adj.烦扰的

9． A．分析：借助句意（这些是我们这样做的..）判断A最合适。Motive n动机；目的; Target n.目标, 对象; 笑柄(for); argument n.争论, 辩论, 论据, 论点, ～ (for ,against); pursuit n.
追逐，追寻

10. A. 分析：根据搭配结构含义（..事件）判断A（控制）合适。该句含义是“成功的领导者是事先控制事件而不是事后才做反应”。 Contribute v.捐助, 捐献, 贡献, 投稿; convey vt.搬运, 传达; contact n.接触, 联系vt.接触, 联系

11. C. 分析：根据句意（这个例证是论据中的一个主要例证）判断C（主要的）合适。fundamental
adj.基础的, 基本的； impressive adj.给人深刻印象的； public n.公众adj.公众的, 公共的；slight adj.轻微的, 微小的

12. B. 分析：借助搭配结构“..on sth.”判断B（影响） 是答案。该句含义是“他们仍然在估测自动化对工厂工人生活的影响。”influence on../对..的影响； impact n.冲击, 影响, 效果
vt. 撞击, 压紧, 对...发生影响； impact也是通常和介词 on搭配（impact on..），含义是“对..的影响”; passion 通常和介词for搭配，表示“对..的热爱”; affect vt.影响, 感动, 侵袭; pressure n.压, 压力, 电压

13. B. 分析：借助句意（在她做了手术后的一个月以后她终于有了好转（恢复了健康））判断B（好转）最合适。get along v.生活, 融洽相处, 进展； get on v.生活, 融洽相处, 进展； get out
v.出去, 离开, 逃脱, 泄露

14． 分析：D． 借助句子的句意（这位部长..委员会. ）和被选项中的核心词含义判断D（charge
n.主管, 掌管）合适。on the verge of adv.接近于, 濒临于；on the basis of prep.以...为基础； at the cost of adv.以...为代价

15. A. 分析：该句含义是“她的话伤了我的感情。”结构“make + adj.”的含义是“使..怎样”。

第二部分：阅读判断（每题1分，共七分）
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了七个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑

1． B。 分析：利用题干中的hazardous作为答案线索词，这样直接在文章中找到包含答案相关词的句子（Since 1939, numerous studies have been conducted to determine whether smoking is a health hazard. ），判断该句的含义（为了确认是否吸烟会造成健康危害，人们已经进行了大量的研究工作）与问题句的含义不一致。

2． A。 分析：利用该句句意判断该句说法正确，这样答案可能是正确或没提到。利用题干中的life expectancy作为答案线索词，这样直接在文章中找到包含答案相关词的句子（Research teams have conducted studies that show beyond all reasonable doubt that tobacco smoking is associated with a shortened life expectancy.），判断该句提到了“吸烟与寿命的缩短有关”，因此判断问题句的说法正确。

3． A。 分析：利用该句句意判断该句说法正确，这样答案可能是正确或没提到。利用题干中的lung cancer作为答案线索词，这样直接在文章中找到包含答案相关词的句子（Cigarette smoking is believed by most research workers in this field to be an important factor in the development of cancer of the lungs），该句提到“大多数研究者相信吸烟是造成肺癌的一个重要因素”，因此可见问题句的说法与原文内容一致。

4． C。分析：利用题干中的breast cancer作为答案线索词，没有在文章中找到包含该答案线索词的句子所以判断问题句的说法为“没提到”。

5． B。 分析： 利用题干中的黑体词作为答案线索词，这样找到答案相关句（Male cigarette smokers have a higher death rate from heart disease than non-smoking males. Female smokers are thought to be less affected because they do not breathe in the smoke so deeply.），该句说“男性吸烟者得心脏病的概率要比男性非吸烟者高。 女性吸烟者被认为患心脏病的的可能性要低些，因为她们吸烟的时候不会把烟深深的吸入肺里”，由此可见问题句中说的“男性吸烟者由于心脏病而造成的死亡率要比女性吸烟者低”与文章内容不一致。

6． A。 分析：利用该句句意判断该句说法正确，这样答案可能是正确或没提到。利用题干中的Nicotine作为答案线索词，这样直接在文章中找到包含答案相关词的句子（There is also nicotine, which is powerful poison, and black tar（焦油）），确认该句的说法与原文一致。

7． B。 分析：利用题干中的Filters作为答案线索词，这样在文章中找到直接答案相关句（Filters and low tar tobacco are claimed to make smoking to some extent safer, but they can only slightly reduce, not eliminate the hazards.），该句说“过滤嘴只是稍许地减少了危险，并没有消除危险”，因此问题句说的“过滤嘴和低焦油香烟使吸烟更加安全”的说法与文章内容不一致。

第三部分：概括大意与完成句子 （每题1分，共8分）
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1）1---4 题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2--5 段每段选择1个正确的小标题；（2）第5--8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确的选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

2． D。 分析：该段落中没有明显的特征词/短语重复出现的特点，注意对特殊位置的句子句意进行分析，确认段落中心（第2句和第3句， 这两句都是祈使句，在教读者怎样去做，同时也反应了作者自己的观点—“首先安静下来”），因此判断答案为D。

3．E．分析：段落中近义结构（（the issues are made clear（问题被弄清楚） 和get his point across clearly（让他的观点被清楚地理解））的反复出现直接暗示段落中心E。

4． C。分析：段落中solution的重复出现，和段落第2句的特殊结构（祈使句）--揭示段落中心，共同揭示C是答案。

5． B。分析：根据段首句的句意（为了更好地应对老板， 很重要的一点是要考虑到老板的目标和他承受的压力）和段落中直接出现的结构“如果把你放在老板的位置上”，确认答案B。

6． B．分析：find out后需要跟宾语，而B，D，F都可以作宾语成分，在借助相关原文：Before you argue with your boss, check with the boss’s secretary to determine his mood（在你和老板争论之前，首先在老板的秘书那里弄清楚老板的情绪如何）判断B（他现在的感觉） 是答案。

7． D．分析：make clear（把。。表述清楚）后需要跟宾语，而D，F都可以作宾语成分，借助搭配句意（有必要向老板表达清楚你到底想对他谈些什么）选择答案D。

8．E． 分析：根据搭配句意（向老板提出一个问题却不建议怎样去解决这个问题，这样做是不明智的）和对文章大意的理解选择E（作状语）

9．C.分析：根据搭配句意（你必须考虑周全，考虑到老板可能遇到的问题）选择C（作定语）。

第四部分：阅读理解（每题3分，共45分）
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

第1篇
答案与题解：
1． A 从文章的第一段可以得知，美国整个国家的妇女卫生保健工作堪称不合格，只有
两个方面除外，其中之一便是牙科检查。
2． B 从文章的第二段可以得知，“Medicaid”是美国州与联邦政府为帮助穷人而制定的
卫生保险项目。
3． D 从文章的第三段可以得知，在美国，吸烟是头号杀手。
4． B 文章的第五段提到，妇女卫生保健计划为评价妇女健康状况提供了“道路图”。
5． C 文章的最后一段提到，立法者应当采取全面、长期的措施以满足妇女卫生保健方
面的需求。

第2篇
答案与题解：
1.D 第三段中“smoking three or four cigars a day increased the risk of oral cancer to 8.5
times the risk for nonsmokers and the risk of esophageal cancer by four times the risk of nonsmokers．"这是在谈论吸烟者患癌症的可能性(与不吸烟者相比分别增加到8．5倍和4倍)。
2.B 第一段中提到lip，tongue，mouth, throat四种，第二段中提到lung，esophagus，larynx
三种，共七种，第三段中的oral是对lip，tongue，mouth等的统称，不应再算做一种。
3.A 倒数第三段中的一句话概括了文章的中心，即“…cigars are not safe alternatives to
cigarettes and may be addictive．”
4.A 倒数第二段中医生的建议是“To those currently smoking cigars．quitting is the only
way to eliminate completely the cancer…”，即完全放弃。
5. D 二手吸烟，即我们所说的被动吸烟，最后一段中的“nonsmokers at cigar social
events”提示了这一情骨。

第3篇
答案与题解：
1．C作者在第二段中认为，任何人种不管落后与否都有语言。文中的原句是：There is no race of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language…
2．A此题的答案来自第三段。
3．B 作者例举美国印第安人的语言的目的是证明这些语言和一些著名的语言一样先进。原句是：They are certainly different from the languages that most of US are familiar with，but they are no more primitive than English and Greek．
4．D D项的说法是错误的，因为作者在文章中的观点是不同的语言没有好与坏的差别。原句参照题解3。
5． C词汇是语言中最容易发生变化的部分。文中的原句是：Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language．

第五部分：补全短文（每题2分，共10分）
阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放会文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置。

The first four moniutes
1. D． 分析：空格前后句中出现了代词的呼应-- this advice--- that，再结合句意判断空格处出现表意为“建议”的句子可能性最大，结合被选项的内容和用词判断D是答案。考点：语意平行结构中的观点句/概括总结句。

2. E．分析：后句中的句意在对具体细节进行描述，句子中代词this的出现，暗示前句中出现的this指代的内容。判断E是答案。考点：举例分析句/细节描述句。

3. A. 分析：空格后句中出现了代词We，而被选项中只有A和C中有代词与We呼应。但A中还有changing our social habits与空格后句中的 become accustomed to any changes在语意上呼应，所以答案是A。

4. B. 分析：前文中出现了“关于如何‘对待陌生人’的描述”，而且在下文中提到了“家庭成员（husband and wife or a parent and child）”，因此判断B是答案。

5. C. 分析：后句中的代词we在C中才有呼应的代词，而且在文章最后出现观点句是通常论述文的发展特点，因此判断C正确。考点：文章中的总结概括句/观点句。

第六部分：完型填空 （每题1分，共15分）
阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，并涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

1． A 从文章题目中的“passive smoking”和接下来的“second-hand smoke”等词语中不难看出，此处应选“passive”一词。
2． A 从文章题目中的“workplace killer”可以断定，此处应选“kills”一词。
3． C 前面已经提到过“二手烟”，因此，此处显然应选“吸烟”。
4． D 从之前的“七百人死于癌症”和之后的“中风”可以看出，此处要表达的是心脏病。
5．B 文章第一段中已经出现过“服务行业”这一词语，因此，此处也就不难作出选择。
6．B 此处要表达的意思应是与吸烟者生活在一起，因此只能选“with”。
7．A Jamrozik是名研究人员，因此这里要说的是其他研究人员。
8．B、此处要表达的意思是：他的研究结果是基于……得出的。
9．D 显然，此处要表示的是死于二手烟的危险。
10．B 句子接下来提到，欧洲的吸烟状况与美国的吸烟状况基本上差不多，因此，此处应选“大多数”一词。
11．C “to a greater or lesser extent”是一种固定用法。 ．
12．D 前面一直在谈服务行业雇员遭受吸烟危害的情况，因此，此处要表达的意思是公共场所。
13．A 从文章前面的内容可以得知，在公共场所吸烟对服务行业雇员的身体健康造成很大危害，因此，此处应选一个表示“危害”程度的副词。
14．C 从句子前面的“not only”便可以推断，此处应选“also”。
15．B 文章前面已经多次提到“公共场所”一词，因此，此处的选择也就不难了。