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2007年职称英语理工类A级全真模拟题及答案(4)

2008-04-10来源:

第5部分：补全短文（第46～50题，每题2分，共10分）

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The Building of the Pyramids

The oldest stone buildings in the world are the pyramids. (46) There are over eighty of them scattered along the banks of the Nile, some of which are different in shape from the true pyramids. The most famous of these are the "Step" pyramid and the "Bent" pyramid.

Some of the pyramids still look much the same as they must have done when they were built thousands of years ago. Most of the damage suffered by the others has been at the hands of men who were looking for treasure or, more often, for stone to use in modern buildings.(47). These are good reasons why they can still be seen today, but perhaps the most important is that they were planned to last for ever. (48). However, there are no writings or pictures to show us how the Egyptians planned or built the pyramids themselves.(49)

Nevertheless, by examining the actual pyramids and various tools Which have been found, archaeologists have formed a fairly clear picture of them.

One thing is certain: there must have been months of careful planning before they could begin to build.(50) You may think this would have been easy with miles and miles of empty desert around, but a pyramid could not be built just anywhere. Certain rules had to be followed, and certain problems had to be overcome.

A The dry climate of Egypt has helped to preserve the pyramids, and their very shape have made them less likely to fall into ruin.

B It is practically certain that plans were made for the building of the pyramids because the plans of other large works have fortunately been preserved.

C The first thing they had to do was to choose a suitable place.

D Consequently, we are only able to guess at the methods used.

E Many people were killed while building the pyramids.

F They have stood for nearly 5,000 years, and it seems likely that they will continue to stand for thousands of years yet.

第6部分：完形填空中楼阁（第51～65题，每题1分，共15分）

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Science and Truth

"FINAGLE" is not a word that most people associate with science. One reason is that the image of the scientist is of one who always collects data in an impartial (B1) for truth. In any debate - over intelligence, schooling, energy – the　　　 (52) "science says" usually disarms opposition.

But scientists have long acknowledged the existence of a "finagle factor"~ a tendency by many scientists to give a helpful change to the data to (53) desired results. The latest of the finagle factor in action comes from Stephen Jay Gould, a Harvard biologist, 　　　(54) has examined the important 19th century work of Dr. Samuel George Morton. Morton was famous in his time　　　(55) analysing the brain size of the skulls as a measure of intelligence. He concluded that whites had the　　　(56) brains, that the brains of Indians and Blacks were smaller, and therefore, that whites constitute a superior race.

Gould went back to Morton's original data and concluded that the　　　(57) were an example of the finagle at work. He found that Morton's "discovery" was made by leaving out embarrassing data, using incorrect procedures, making simple arithmetical　　　 (58) (always in his favour) and changing his criteria - again, always in favour of his argument. Morton has been thoroughly discredited by now and scientists do not believe that brain size reflects　　　(59).

But Gould went on to say Morton's story is only an example of a common problem in　　　(60) work. Some of the leading figures in science are believed to have　　　(61) the finagle factor. Gould says that Isaac Newton fudged out to support at least three central statements that he could not prove. And so　　　(62) Claudius Ptolemy, the Greek astronomer, whose master work, Almagest, summed up the case for a solar system that had the earth as its center. Recent studies indicate that Ptolemy 　　　(63) faked some key data or resorted heavily to the finagle factor.

All this is　　　(64) because the finagle factor is still at work. For example, in the artificial sweetener controversy, for example, it is said that all the studies sponsored by the sugar industry find that the artificial sweetener is unsafe, while all the studies sponsored by the diet food industry find nothing　　　(65) with it.

51 A search B learning 　　　C teaching D dialogue

52 A clause B slang 　　　C idiom D phrase

53 A convey B acquire 　　　 C modify D prove

54 A whose B she 　　　 C he 　D who

55 A in B about 　　　 C for 　D on

56 A more large　B largest 　　　C large 　D larger

57 A results B experiments 　　　C publications D suggestions

58 A mistakes B misunderstanding　C calculation D problems

59 A creativity B ability 　　 C intelligence D ingenuity

60 A inventive B mental 　　　 C scientific D manual

61 A used B rejected 　　　 C misused D sought

62 A was 　 B had 　　　　 C could D did