2009年职称英语等级考试卫生AB级模拟试题(一)

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　　阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放会文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置。
　　Vitamins
　　Vitamins are organic compounds which are present in certain foods and are essential to the health of men and other animals. __1__. Without these substances, the breakdown and absorption of foods could not occur. Certain vitamins participate in the formation of blood cells, hormones, nervous system chemicals, and genetic materials. __2__.Fat-soluble vitamins include vitamins A,D,E and K. The water-soluble vitamins include vitamin C and the B-vitamin complex.
　　Fat-soluble vitamins are usually absorbed with foods that contain fat. Excessive amounts of these vitamins are stored in the body's fat, the liver and kidneys. Because fat-soluble vitamins can be stored, they do not have to be consumed every day.
　　__3__. A deficiency of vitamin A leads to skin changes and night blindness, or failure of the eye to adapt to the dark. Vitamin A can be obtained directly from foods of animal origin such as milk, eggs, and liver.__4__.
　　Vitamin D acts muck like a hormone and regulates calcium and phosphorus absorption and metabolism. Some vitamin D is obtained from such foods as eggs, fish, liver, butter, and milk. But humans get most of their vitamin D from exposure of the skin to sunlight. A deficiency of vitamin D leads to bone problems.
　　The role of vitamin E in the human body has not been established. ­­__5__ Vitamin E is found in seed oil and wheat.
　　Vitamin K is necessary for the clotting of blood. It is produced in sufficient quantities by bacteria in the intestine, but is also provided by leafy green vegetables and eggs.
　　The water-soluble vitamins, C and B complex, cannot be stored and therefore need to be consumed daily to satisfy the body's needs. Vitamin C is important in the formation and maintenance of connective tissue. It protects gums, skin, and mucous membranes. It is mainly found in fruits like oranges.
　　B-complex vitamins serve a wide range of important metabolic functions and prevent some diseases. They are found mostly in the liver.
　　A. Vitamins are classified into two groups, that is, the fat-soluble(溶解脂肪的) and the water-soluble(溶解水的) vitamins.
　　B. Their functions are mainly to enhance the metabolism(新陈代谢) of proteins and fats.
　　C. It is necessary for a healthy life.
　　D. Vitamin A is essential for normal growth and for the health of epithelial cells.
　　E. It has been popularly advocated for a great variety of diseases, but no clear evidence exists that it eases any specific disease.
　　F. Vitamin A can also be obtained through eating green and yellow fruits and vegetables
　　标准答案： B,A,D,F,E
　　补全短文解题常用思路：
　　1. 借助空格前后句句意进行判断;
　　2. 如果空格所在的段落的段首句是观点句，可借助段首句的句意进行判断;
　　3. 借助空格前后句中的核心词/核心结构与被选项中用词的呼应进行判断;
　　4. 借助被选项中出现的逻辑词(逻辑连词，逻辑副词)判断空格前句可能的语意。
　　5. 借助被选项中出现的人称代词，指示代词，定冠词结构在空格前句中寻找相呼应的内容，判断答案。
　　6. 借助空格在段落中出现的位置猜测空格处的句子可能是具有的语意功能：在段首句/出现的句子可能是观点句/总结句/概括句;在段尾句中出现的句子可能是观点句/总结句/概括句/承上启下句;在文章最后一句中出现的句子往往是观点句或中心引申句。
　　7. 观点句，举例句，语意转折句, 因果句等常常是考察点。
　　Vitamins
　　1.B.B中的Their与前句中的Vitamins呼应;而后句的句意(没有这些物质，食物的碎化和吸收就不能进行。)揭示前句的内容应该是在谈论Vitamins的“好处”，同时B中metabolism与后句中提到的“食物的碎化和吸收”呼应。
　　2.A.A在句意上总领后面两句：后面两句分别是在对fat-soluble(溶解脂肪的) vitamins 和 water-soluble(溶解水的) vitamins进行解释。
　　3.D. 该段的核心词(反复出现词)是vitamin A，而后句谈到vitamin A缺乏会造成的问题。在句意上与后句句意相关：一正(功效)一反(缺乏的后果)。
　　4.F.前句说到Vitamin A能如何被获得，而F在句意上与之相呼应：谈及Vitamin A“还能”怎样被获得。
　　5.E. 空格前句说vitamin E在人体中的功能还没有被确认，后句说vitamin E在哪里能找到，同C相比，E更合理：E的句意也是表明vitamin E的“不确定的”功效，在句意上前后承接，而C只是笼统的说vitamin E是有必要的。