2014年职称英语考试卫生类C级模拟试题四
2014-01-28来源:和谐英语
第4部分：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分) 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定l个最佳选项。
31、回答31-45题：
U. S.Blacks Hard-hit by CancerDeath rates for cancer are falling for all Americans, but black Americans are stillmore likely to die of cancer than whites, the American Cancer Society saidMonday.
In a special report on cancer and black, the organization said blacks are usuallydiagnosed with cancer later than whites, and they are more likely to die of thedisease. This could be because of unequal (不平等的) access tomedical care, because blacks are more likely to have other diseases as well,and perhaps because, of differences in the biology (生手学)of the cancer itself, the report added．
"In general, black Americans have less hope of surviving five years after diagnosisthan whites for all cancer sites and all stages of diagnosis," the reportsaid．
"In describing cancer statistics for black Americans, this report recognizes thatmany of the differences associated with race may be caused by unfair social andeconomic differences and unequal access to medical care. "
The cancer society said blacks should be encouraged to get check-ups (体格检查) earlier, when cancer is more treatable, and it said more researchis needed to see if biological differences play a role.
"Thenew statistics emphasize the continuing importance of wiping out these unfairsocial differences through public policy and education efforts, " theorganization said in a statement.
But it also noted a drop in cancer death rates. "Cancer death rates in both sexesfor all sites combined have dropped greatly among black Americans since 1992,as have incidence rates (发生率), " said the report.
Black Americans are more likely to die of cancer than
A．people in other countries
B．whiteAmericans
C．allother Americans
D．theirancestors
32、Whichmay NOT be a reason for higher cancer death rates among US blacks?
A．Unequal access to medical care.
B．Greater probability of having other diseases.
C．Differences in the biology of the cancer.
D．Earlydiagnosis.
33、Cancer is more treatable if it is detected
A．in anearly stage
B．in alate stage
C．all ofa sudden
D．together with other diseases
34、Public policy and education efforts may help to do away with
A．deathrates
B．various cancers
C．unfairsocial differences
D．biological differences
35、Since1992, cancer death rates among black Americans
A．havebeen going up and down
B．haveremained stable
C．haveincreased
D．havefallen
36、回答36-50题：
What's Wrong With Today's Marriage Is there something seriously wrong with marriage today? During the past 50 years, therate of divorce in the United States has exploded: almost 50% of marriages endin divorce now, and the evidence suggests it is going to get worse. If thistrend continues, it will lead to the breakup of the family, according to aspokesperson for the National Family Association. Some futurists predict thatin 100 years, the average American will marry at least four times, andextramarital (婚外的)affairs will be even more common than they are now.
But what are the reasons for this, and is the picture really so gloomy (阴暗的)?The answer to the fast question is really quite simple: marriage is no longerthe necessity it once was. The institution of marriage has been based for yearspartly on economic neeD．Women used to be economically dependent on theirhusbands -- as they usually didn't have jobs outside the home. But with therising number of women in well-paying jobs, this is no longer the case, so theydon't feel that they need to stay in a failing marriage.
In answer to the second question, the oudook may not be as pessimistic (悲观的)as it seems. While the rate of divorce has risen, the rate of couples marryinghas never actually fallen very much, so marriage is still quite popular. Inaddition to this, many couples now simply live together and don't bother tomarry. These couples are effectively married, but they do not appear in eitherthe marriage or divorce statistics. In fact, more than 50% of first marriagessurvive.
So is marriage really an outdated institution? The fact that most people still getmarried indicates that it isn't. And it is also true that married couples havea healthier life than single people: they suffer less from stress and itsconsequences, such as heart problems, and married men generally considerthemselves more dependent than their single counterparts. Perhaps the key is tof'md out what makes a successful marriage and apply it to all of ourrelationships!
Which of the following is true about the marriage in the United States today ?
A．Divorce leads to the breakup of the family.
B．Morethan half of the married couples get divorceD．
C．American people marry more than four times.
D．Moreand more people are getting divorceD．
37、What does "this is no longer the case" in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Womenare not economically dependent any more.
B．It isnot necessary to get married any more.
C．Womendo not need a husband any longer.
D．Manywives do well-paying jobs outside home now.
38、Whyis the outlook of marriage riot as hopeless as it appears?
A．Many people still like to get marrieD．
B．The rate of divorce has actually decreaseD．
C．Over 60% of the marriages continue to exist.
D．Thestatistics of divorce is reliable.
39、Howdo most men feeling their marriage life?
A．Theyfeel much stronger than before.
B．Theydon't feel as lonely as before.
C．Theysuffer more than before.
D．Theyfeel more satisfied than being single.
40、Whichof the following about marriage is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A．It isimportant to discover what makes a marriage successful.
B．Marriage has long been partly an economic neeD．
C．It isa fact that most people choose to get marrieD．
D．Manypeople went abroad after divorce.
41、回答41-55题：
The Changing Middle Class The United States perceives itself to be a middle-class nation. However, middleclass is not a real designation, nor does it carry privileges (特权).It is more of a perception, which probably was as true as it ever could beright after World War II. The economy was growing, more and more people ownedtheir own homes, workers had solid contracts with the companies that employedthem, and nearly everyone who wanted a higher education could have one. Successful people enjoyed upward social mobility. They may have started out poor, but theycould become rich. Successful people also found that they had greatergeographic mobility. In other words, they found themselves moving to and livingin a variety of places.
The middle class collectively holds several values and principles. One strong valueis the need to earn enough money to feel that one can determine one's owneconomic fate. In addition, middle-class morality (道德观)embraces principles of individual responsibility, importance of family,obligations to others, and believing in something outside oneself. But in the 1990s those in the middle class found that there was a price for success. AU. S. News & World Report survey in 1994 indicated that 75 percent ofAmericans believed that middle class families could no longer make ends meet.Both spouses now worked, as did some of the children; long commutes becameroutine; the need for child care put strains on the family; and public schoolswere not as good as they once were. Members of the middle class were no longer financing their lifestyles through earnings but were using credit to stayafloat. The understanding of just what middle class meant was changing.
This passage gives information about
A．asocial and economic group
B．anindividual
C．apolitical organization
D．agovernment department
42、Inthe years after World War II, the middle class were
A．overburdened and in debt
B．hardworking and doubtful
C．happyand full of hope
D．youngand upset
43、Oneimportant middle-class value is that
A．peopleshould always have fun
B．children should believe in themselves
C．debtis nothing to worry about
D．theyshould earn enough to finance their lifestyles
44、Inthe second paragraph, the word "collectively" means
A．hesitatingly
B．unknowingly
C．weakly
D．commonly
45、The1994 survey showed most Americans thought the middle class
A．tookpleasure in raising children
B．had aregular journey to work
C．couldnot earn enough money to maintain their lifestyles
D．couldeasily maintain their lifestyles
31、回答31-45题：
U. S.Blacks Hard-hit by CancerDeath rates for cancer are falling for all Americans, but black Americans are stillmore likely to die of cancer than whites, the American Cancer Society saidMonday.
In a special report on cancer and black, the organization said blacks are usuallydiagnosed with cancer later than whites, and they are more likely to die of thedisease. This could be because of unequal (不平等的) access tomedical care, because blacks are more likely to have other diseases as well,and perhaps because, of differences in the biology (生手学)of the cancer itself, the report added．
"In general, black Americans have less hope of surviving five years after diagnosisthan whites for all cancer sites and all stages of diagnosis," the reportsaid．
"In describing cancer statistics for black Americans, this report recognizes thatmany of the differences associated with race may be caused by unfair social andeconomic differences and unequal access to medical care. "
The cancer society said blacks should be encouraged to get check-ups (体格检查) earlier, when cancer is more treatable, and it said more researchis needed to see if biological differences play a role.
"Thenew statistics emphasize the continuing importance of wiping out these unfairsocial differences through public policy and education efforts, " theorganization said in a statement.
But it also noted a drop in cancer death rates. "Cancer death rates in both sexesfor all sites combined have dropped greatly among black Americans since 1992,as have incidence rates (发生率), " said the report.
Black Americans are more likely to die of cancer than
A．people in other countries
B．whiteAmericans
C．allother Americans
D．theirancestors
32、Whichmay NOT be a reason for higher cancer death rates among US blacks?
A．Unequal access to medical care.
B．Greater probability of having other diseases.
C．Differences in the biology of the cancer.
D．Earlydiagnosis.
33、Cancer is more treatable if it is detected
A．in anearly stage
B．in alate stage
C．all ofa sudden
D．together with other diseases
34、Public policy and education efforts may help to do away with
A．deathrates
B．various cancers
C．unfairsocial differences
D．biological differences
35、Since1992, cancer death rates among black Americans
A．havebeen going up and down
B．haveremained stable
C．haveincreased
D．havefallen
36、回答36-50题：
What's Wrong With Today's Marriage Is there something seriously wrong with marriage today? During the past 50 years, therate of divorce in the United States has exploded: almost 50% of marriages endin divorce now, and the evidence suggests it is going to get worse. If thistrend continues, it will lead to the breakup of the family, according to aspokesperson for the National Family Association. Some futurists predict thatin 100 years, the average American will marry at least four times, andextramarital (婚外的)affairs will be even more common than they are now.
But what are the reasons for this, and is the picture really so gloomy (阴暗的)?The answer to the fast question is really quite simple: marriage is no longerthe necessity it once was. The institution of marriage has been based for yearspartly on economic neeD．Women used to be economically dependent on theirhusbands -- as they usually didn't have jobs outside the home. But with therising number of women in well-paying jobs, this is no longer the case, so theydon't feel that they need to stay in a failing marriage.
In answer to the second question, the oudook may not be as pessimistic (悲观的)as it seems. While the rate of divorce has risen, the rate of couples marryinghas never actually fallen very much, so marriage is still quite popular. Inaddition to this, many couples now simply live together and don't bother tomarry. These couples are effectively married, but they do not appear in eitherthe marriage or divorce statistics. In fact, more than 50% of first marriagessurvive.
So is marriage really an outdated institution? The fact that most people still getmarried indicates that it isn't. And it is also true that married couples havea healthier life than single people: they suffer less from stress and itsconsequences, such as heart problems, and married men generally considerthemselves more dependent than their single counterparts. Perhaps the key is tof'md out what makes a successful marriage and apply it to all of ourrelationships!
Which of the following is true about the marriage in the United States today ?
A．Divorce leads to the breakup of the family.
B．Morethan half of the married couples get divorceD．
C．American people marry more than four times.
D．Moreand more people are getting divorceD．
37、What does "this is no longer the case" in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Womenare not economically dependent any more.
B．It isnot necessary to get married any more.
C．Womendo not need a husband any longer.
D．Manywives do well-paying jobs outside home now.
38、Whyis the outlook of marriage riot as hopeless as it appears?
A．Many people still like to get marrieD．
B．The rate of divorce has actually decreaseD．
C．Over 60% of the marriages continue to exist.
D．Thestatistics of divorce is reliable.
39、Howdo most men feeling their marriage life?
A．Theyfeel much stronger than before.
B．Theydon't feel as lonely as before.
C．Theysuffer more than before.
D．Theyfeel more satisfied than being single.
40、Whichof the following about marriage is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A．It isimportant to discover what makes a marriage successful.
B．Marriage has long been partly an economic neeD．
C．It isa fact that most people choose to get marrieD．
D．Manypeople went abroad after divorce.
41、回答41-55题：
The Changing Middle Class The United States perceives itself to be a middle-class nation. However, middleclass is not a real designation, nor does it carry privileges (特权).It is more of a perception, which probably was as true as it ever could beright after World War II. The economy was growing, more and more people ownedtheir own homes, workers had solid contracts with the companies that employedthem, and nearly everyone who wanted a higher education could have one. Successful people enjoyed upward social mobility. They may have started out poor, but theycould become rich. Successful people also found that they had greatergeographic mobility. In other words, they found themselves moving to and livingin a variety of places.
The middle class collectively holds several values and principles. One strong valueis the need to earn enough money to feel that one can determine one's owneconomic fate. In addition, middle-class morality (道德观)embraces principles of individual responsibility, importance of family,obligations to others, and believing in something outside oneself. But in the 1990s those in the middle class found that there was a price for success. AU. S. News & World Report survey in 1994 indicated that 75 percent ofAmericans believed that middle class families could no longer make ends meet.Both spouses now worked, as did some of the children; long commutes becameroutine; the need for child care put strains on the family; and public schoolswere not as good as they once were. Members of the middle class were no longer financing their lifestyles through earnings but were using credit to stayafloat. The understanding of just what middle class meant was changing.
This passage gives information about
A．asocial and economic group
B．anindividual
C．apolitical organization
D．agovernment department
42、Inthe years after World War II, the middle class were
A．overburdened and in debt
B．hardworking and doubtful
C．happyand full of hope
D．youngand upset
43、Oneimportant middle-class value is that
A．peopleshould always have fun
B．children should believe in themselves
C．debtis nothing to worry about
D．theyshould earn enough to finance their lifestyles
44、Inthe second paragraph, the word "collectively" means
A．hesitatingly
B．unknowingly
C．weakly
D．commonly
45、The1994 survey showed most Americans thought the middle class
A．tookpleasure in raising children
B．had aregular journey to work
C．couldnot earn enough money to maintain their lifestyles
D．couldeasily maintain their lifestyles
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