2014年职称英语考试综合类C级模拟题四
2014-03-07来源:和谐英语
第4部分：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。
31、回答31-36题
Making Light of Sleep
All we have a clock located inside our brains. Similar to your bedside alarm clock, your internal clock runs on a 24-hour cycle. This cycle, called a circadian (昼夜节奏的，生理节奏的) rhythm, helps control when you wake, when you eat and when you sleep.
Somewhere around puberty (青春期), something happens in the timing of the biological clock. The clock pushes forward,, so adolescents (青少年的) and teenagers are unable to fall asleep as early as they used to. When your mother tells you it's time for bed, your body may be pushing you to stay up for several hours more. And the light coming from your computer screen or TV could be pushing you to stay up even later.
This shift is natural for teenagers. But staying up very late and sleeping late can get your body's clock out of sync with the cycle of light and dark. It can also make it hard to get out of bed in the morning and may bring other problems, too. Teenagers are put in a kind of a gray cloud when they don't get enough sleep, says Mary Carskadon, a sleep researcher at Brown University in Providence, RI7. It affects their mood and their ability to think and learn.
But just like your alarm clock, your internal clock can be reset. In fact, it automatically resets itself every day. How? By using the light it gets through your eyes.
Scientists have known for a long time that the light of day and the dark of night play important roles in setting our internal clocks. For years, researchers thought that the signals that synchronize the body's clock were handled through the same pathways that we use to see.
But recent discoveries show that the human eye has two separate light-sensing systems. One system allows us to see. The second system tells our body whether it's day or night.
The clock located inside our brains is similar to our bedside alarm clock because
A．it controls when we wake, when we eat and when we sleep
B．it has a cycle of 24 hours
C．it is a cycle also called circadian rhythm
D．it can alarm any time during 24 hours
32、What is implied in the second paragraph?
A．Young children's biological clock has the same rhythm with that of the teenagers.
B．People after puberty begin to go to bed earlier due to the change of the biological clock.
C．Children before puberty tend to fall asleep earlier at night than adolescents.
D．Teenagers go to bed later than they used to due to the light from the computer screen.
33、In the third paragraph the author wants to tell the reader that
A．it is natural for teenagers to stay up late and get up late
B．staying up late has a bad effect on teenagers' ability to think and learn
C．during puberty most teenagers experience a kind of gray cloud
D．it is hard for teenagers to get out of bed in the morning
34、Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the fourth and fifth paragraphs?
A．Our biological clock resets itself automatically.
B．Light gets through our eyes and resets our biological clock.
C．Our internal clock as well as the alarm clock can be reset automatically.
D．Our internal clock, like the alarm clock, can be reset.
35、According to the last two paragraphs, what did the previous researchers think about the human eye's light-sensing system?
A．The human eye had two light-sensing systems.
B．The human eye had one light-sensing system.
C．The human eye could sense the light of day more quickly than the dark of night.
D．The human eye could reset our internal clocks in accordance with the alarm clocks.
36、回答36-41题
Advertising
The appeal of advertising to buying motives can have both negative and positive effects. Consumers may be convinced to buy a product of poor quality or high price because of an advertisement. For example, some advertisers have appealed to people's desire for better fuel economy for their cars by advertising automotive products that improve gasoline mileage. Some of the products work. Others are worthless and a waste of consumers' money.
Sometimes advertising is intentionally misleading. A few years ago a brand of bread was offered to dieters (节食者) with the message that there were fewer calories (热量单位, 大卡 ) in every slice. It turned out that the bread was not dietetic (适合节食的), but just regular bread. There were fewer calories because it was sliced very thin, but there were the same number of calories in every loaf.
On the positive side, emotional appeals may respond to a consumer's real concerns. Consider fire insurance. Fire insurance may be sold by appealing to fear of loss. But fear of loss is the real reason for fire insurance. The security of knowing that property is protected by insurance makes the purchase of fire insurance a worthwhile investment for most people. If consumers consider the quality of the insurance plans as well as the message in the ads, they will benefit from the advertising.
Each consumer must evaluate her or his own situation. Are the benefits of the product important enough to justify buying it? Advertising is intended to appeal to consumers, but it does not force them to buy the product. Consumers still control the final buying decision.
Advertising can persuade the consumer to buy worthless products by
A．stressing their high quality
B．convincing him of their low price
C．maintaining a balance between quality and price
D．appealing to his buying motives
37、The reason why the bread advertisement is misleading is that
A．thin slices of bread could contain more calories
B．the loaf was cut into regular slices
C．the bread was not genuine bread
D．the total number of calories in the loaf remained the same
38、The passage tells us that
A．sometimes advertisements really sell what the consumer needs
B．advertisements occasionally force consumers into buying things they don't need
C．the buying motives of consumers are controlled by advertisements
D．fire insurance is seldom a worthwhile investment
39、It can be inferred, from the passage that a smart consumer should
A．think carefully about the benefits described in the advertisements
B．guard against the deceiving nature of advertisements
C．be familiar with various advertising strategies
D．avoid buying products that have strong emotional appeal
40、The passage is mainly about
A．how to make a wise buying decision
B．ways to protect the interests of the consumer
C．the positive and negative aspects of advertising
D．the function of advertisements in promoting sales
41、回答41-46题
Look After Your voice
Often speakers at a meeting experience dry mouths and ask for a glass of water. You can solve the problem by activating the saliva in you mouth. First gently bite the edges of your tongue with your teeth. Or press your entire tongue to the bottom of your mouth and hold it there until the saliva flow. Or you can imagine that you are slicing a big juicy lemon and sucking the juice.
Before you begin your talk, be kind to your voice. Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat. Keep your throat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted fruit juice. If you sense that you are losing your voice, stop talking completely. Save your voice for your speech. You may feel foolish using paper to write notes, but the best thing you can do is to rest your voice. If you need to see a doctor, perhaps you can get some advice from a professional singer. In the meantime, do not even talk in a low voice.
What about drinking alcohol to wet your throat? I advise you not to touch alcohol before speaking. The problem with alcohol is that one drink gives you a little confidence. The second drink gives you even more confidence. Finally you will feel all-powerful and you will feel you can do everything, but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly. Save the alcohol until after you finish speaking.
Perhaps you want to accept the advice, but you may wonder if you can ever change the habits of a life-time. Of course you can. Coethe, who lived before indoor skating rinks or swimming pools, said, "We learn to skate in the summer and swim in the winter. " Take this message to heart and give yourself time to develop your new habits. If you are willing to change, you will soon be able to say that you will never forget these techniques because they became a part of your body.
All the following are mentioned in the passage about how to solve the problem of dry mouths EXCEPT
A．to bite the edges of your tongue
B．to ask for a glass of water
C．to imagine you are having a sour fruit
D．to take cool milk
42、What does the writer suggest when you feel you are losing your voice?
A．Rest your voice.
B．Drink some alcohol.
C．Ask a singer to teach you how to protect your voice.
D．Never go to see a doctor.
43、What is the writer's advice about alcohol before you give a speech?
A．Drink a little of it to feel all-powerful.
B．Don't drink it.
C．Dilute it with water.
D．Drink it two hours before you make a speech.
44、What did Goethe say about skating and swimming?
A．He said people could learn to skate when it was hot and swim when it was cold.
B．He said people could learn to skate and swim when it was hot.
C．He said people could learn to skate and swim when it was cold.
D．He said people could learn to skate when it was cold and swim when it was hot.
45、Why does the writer cite Goethe' s advice?
A．To encourage one to go in for sports.
B．To tell that Goethe had a strong willpower.
C．To prove one can change one's habits.
D．To demonstrate Goethe was creative.
31、回答31-36题
Making Light of Sleep
All we have a clock located inside our brains. Similar to your bedside alarm clock, your internal clock runs on a 24-hour cycle. This cycle, called a circadian (昼夜节奏的，生理节奏的) rhythm, helps control when you wake, when you eat and when you sleep.
Somewhere around puberty (青春期), something happens in the timing of the biological clock. The clock pushes forward,, so adolescents (青少年的) and teenagers are unable to fall asleep as early as they used to. When your mother tells you it's time for bed, your body may be pushing you to stay up for several hours more. And the light coming from your computer screen or TV could be pushing you to stay up even later.
This shift is natural for teenagers. But staying up very late and sleeping late can get your body's clock out of sync with the cycle of light and dark. It can also make it hard to get out of bed in the morning and may bring other problems, too. Teenagers are put in a kind of a gray cloud when they don't get enough sleep, says Mary Carskadon, a sleep researcher at Brown University in Providence, RI7. It affects their mood and their ability to think and learn.
But just like your alarm clock, your internal clock can be reset. In fact, it automatically resets itself every day. How? By using the light it gets through your eyes.
Scientists have known for a long time that the light of day and the dark of night play important roles in setting our internal clocks. For years, researchers thought that the signals that synchronize the body's clock were handled through the same pathways that we use to see.
But recent discoveries show that the human eye has two separate light-sensing systems. One system allows us to see. The second system tells our body whether it's day or night.
The clock located inside our brains is similar to our bedside alarm clock because
A．it controls when we wake, when we eat and when we sleep
B．it has a cycle of 24 hours
C．it is a cycle also called circadian rhythm
D．it can alarm any time during 24 hours
32、What is implied in the second paragraph?
A．Young children's biological clock has the same rhythm with that of the teenagers.
B．People after puberty begin to go to bed earlier due to the change of the biological clock.
C．Children before puberty tend to fall asleep earlier at night than adolescents.
D．Teenagers go to bed later than they used to due to the light from the computer screen.
33、In the third paragraph the author wants to tell the reader that
A．it is natural for teenagers to stay up late and get up late
B．staying up late has a bad effect on teenagers' ability to think and learn
C．during puberty most teenagers experience a kind of gray cloud
D．it is hard for teenagers to get out of bed in the morning
34、Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the fourth and fifth paragraphs?
A．Our biological clock resets itself automatically.
B．Light gets through our eyes and resets our biological clock.
C．Our internal clock as well as the alarm clock can be reset automatically.
D．Our internal clock, like the alarm clock, can be reset.
35、According to the last two paragraphs, what did the previous researchers think about the human eye's light-sensing system?
A．The human eye had two light-sensing systems.
B．The human eye had one light-sensing system.
C．The human eye could sense the light of day more quickly than the dark of night.
D．The human eye could reset our internal clocks in accordance with the alarm clocks.
36、回答36-41题
Advertising
The appeal of advertising to buying motives can have both negative and positive effects. Consumers may be convinced to buy a product of poor quality or high price because of an advertisement. For example, some advertisers have appealed to people's desire for better fuel economy for their cars by advertising automotive products that improve gasoline mileage. Some of the products work. Others are worthless and a waste of consumers' money.
Sometimes advertising is intentionally misleading. A few years ago a brand of bread was offered to dieters (节食者) with the message that there were fewer calories (热量单位, 大卡 ) in every slice. It turned out that the bread was not dietetic (适合节食的), but just regular bread. There were fewer calories because it was sliced very thin, but there were the same number of calories in every loaf.
On the positive side, emotional appeals may respond to a consumer's real concerns. Consider fire insurance. Fire insurance may be sold by appealing to fear of loss. But fear of loss is the real reason for fire insurance. The security of knowing that property is protected by insurance makes the purchase of fire insurance a worthwhile investment for most people. If consumers consider the quality of the insurance plans as well as the message in the ads, they will benefit from the advertising.
Each consumer must evaluate her or his own situation. Are the benefits of the product important enough to justify buying it? Advertising is intended to appeal to consumers, but it does not force them to buy the product. Consumers still control the final buying decision.
Advertising can persuade the consumer to buy worthless products by
A．stressing their high quality
B．convincing him of their low price
C．maintaining a balance between quality and price
D．appealing to his buying motives
37、The reason why the bread advertisement is misleading is that
A．thin slices of bread could contain more calories
B．the loaf was cut into regular slices
C．the bread was not genuine bread
D．the total number of calories in the loaf remained the same
38、The passage tells us that
A．sometimes advertisements really sell what the consumer needs
B．advertisements occasionally force consumers into buying things they don't need
C．the buying motives of consumers are controlled by advertisements
D．fire insurance is seldom a worthwhile investment
39、It can be inferred, from the passage that a smart consumer should
A．think carefully about the benefits described in the advertisements
B．guard against the deceiving nature of advertisements
C．be familiar with various advertising strategies
D．avoid buying products that have strong emotional appeal
40、The passage is mainly about
A．how to make a wise buying decision
B．ways to protect the interests of the consumer
C．the positive and negative aspects of advertising
D．the function of advertisements in promoting sales
41、回答41-46题
Look After Your voice
Often speakers at a meeting experience dry mouths and ask for a glass of water. You can solve the problem by activating the saliva in you mouth. First gently bite the edges of your tongue with your teeth. Or press your entire tongue to the bottom of your mouth and hold it there until the saliva flow. Or you can imagine that you are slicing a big juicy lemon and sucking the juice.
Before you begin your talk, be kind to your voice. Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat. Keep your throat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted fruit juice. If you sense that you are losing your voice, stop talking completely. Save your voice for your speech. You may feel foolish using paper to write notes, but the best thing you can do is to rest your voice. If you need to see a doctor, perhaps you can get some advice from a professional singer. In the meantime, do not even talk in a low voice.
What about drinking alcohol to wet your throat? I advise you not to touch alcohol before speaking. The problem with alcohol is that one drink gives you a little confidence. The second drink gives you even more confidence. Finally you will feel all-powerful and you will feel you can do everything, but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly. Save the alcohol until after you finish speaking.
Perhaps you want to accept the advice, but you may wonder if you can ever change the habits of a life-time. Of course you can. Coethe, who lived before indoor skating rinks or swimming pools, said, "We learn to skate in the summer and swim in the winter. " Take this message to heart and give yourself time to develop your new habits. If you are willing to change, you will soon be able to say that you will never forget these techniques because they became a part of your body.
All the following are mentioned in the passage about how to solve the problem of dry mouths EXCEPT
A．to bite the edges of your tongue
B．to ask for a glass of water
C．to imagine you are having a sour fruit
D．to take cool milk
42、What does the writer suggest when you feel you are losing your voice?
A．Rest your voice.
B．Drink some alcohol.
C．Ask a singer to teach you how to protect your voice.
D．Never go to see a doctor.
43、What is the writer's advice about alcohol before you give a speech?
A．Drink a little of it to feel all-powerful.
B．Don't drink it.
C．Dilute it with water.
D．Drink it two hours before you make a speech.
44、What did Goethe say about skating and swimming?
A．He said people could learn to skate when it was hot and swim when it was cold.
B．He said people could learn to skate and swim when it was hot.
C．He said people could learn to skate and swim when it was cold.
D．He said people could learn to skate when it was cold and swim when it was hot.
45、Why does the writer cite Goethe' s advice?
A．To encourage one to go in for sports.
B．To tell that Goethe had a strong willpower.
C．To prove one can change one's habits.
D．To demonstrate Goethe was creative.
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