2014年职称英语理工类C级真题(word版)

　　Citizen Scientists

　　Understanding how nature responds to climate change will require monitoring key life cycle1 events — flowering, the appearance of leaves, the first frog calls of the spring — all around the world. But ecologists can't be everywhere so they're turning to non-scientists, sometimes called citizen scientists, for help.

　　Climate scientists are not present everywhere. Because there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them, they're asking for your help in observing signs of climate change across the world. The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people to observe a very specific research interest — birds, trees, flowers budding, etc. — and send their observations to a giant database to be observed by professional scientists. This helps a small number of scientists track a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own. Much like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat2, citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live. All that's needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and send it in.

　　A　group of scientists and educators launched an organization last year called the National Phenology4Network. “Phenology” is what scientists call the study of the timing of events in nature.

　　One of the group's first efforts relies on scientists and non-scientists alike to collect data about plant flowering and leafing every year. The program, called Project Bud Burst, collects life cycle data on a variety of common plants from across the United States. People participating in the project — which is open to everyone — record their observations on the Project Bud Burst website.

　　“People don't have to be plant experts — they just have to look around and see what's in their neighborhood,” says Jennifer Schwartz, an education consultant with the project. “As we collect this data, we'll be able to make an estimate of how plants and communities of plants and animals will respond as the climate changes.”

　　51 A everywhere B anywhere C somewhere D nowher

　　52 A If B Although C When D Because

　　53 A giving B showing C developing D observing

　　54 A special B professional C skillful D ordinary

　　55 A on B at C to D with

　　56 A small B limited C smple D large

　　57 A Very B Much C As D Many

　　58 A All B Any C Some D Most

　　59 A send B print C answer D keep

　　60 A known B featured C belonged D called

　　61 A alike B like C unlike D likely

　　62 A points B wonders C data D interests

　　63 A common B suitable C open D strange

　　64 A want B forget C mind D have

　　65 A who B how C before D since

　　ADDDC  BDAAD  ACCDB