2015年职称英语考试真题卫生类B级阅读理解(3)

　　第4部分：阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）

　　第三篇 New US Plan for Disease Prevention

　　Urging Americans to take responsibility for their health, Health and Human Services Secretary Tommy Thompson on Tuesday launched a $ 15 million program to try to encourage communities to do more to prevent chronic diseases like heart disease, cancer and diabetess (糖尿病)•

　　The initiative (倡议）highlights the cost of chronic disease^the leading causes of death in the United States—and outlines ways that people can prevent them, including better diet and increased exercise.

　　“In the United States today，7 of 10 deaths and the vast majority of serious illness, disability and health care costs are caused by chronic diseases，，，the Health and Human Services Department said in a statement. The causes are often behavioral—smoking, poor eating habits and a lack of exercise.

　　“I am convinced that preventing disease by promoting better health is a smart policy choice for our future,55 Thompson told a conference held to launch the initiative. “Our current health care system is not structured to deal with the rising costs of treating diseases that are largely preventable through changes in our lifestyle choices.”

　　Thompson said heart disease and stroke will cost the country more than $351 billion in 2003. “These leading causes of death for men and women are largely preventable, yet we as a nation are not taking the steps necessary for us to lead healthier, longer lives，” he said.

　　The $ 15 million is scheduled to go to communities to promote prevention, pushing for changes as simple as building sidewalks to encourage people to walk more. Daily exercise such as walking can prevent and even reverse heart disease and diabetes, and prevent cancer and strokes.

　　The money will also go to community organizations, clinics and nutritionists (营养学家)who are being encouraged to work together to educate people at risk of diabetes about what they can do to prevent it and encourage more cancer screening.

　　The American Cancer Society estimates that half of all cancers can be caught by screening. If such cancers were all caught by early screening, the Society estimates that the survival rate for cancer would rise to 95 percent.

　　41. The $15 million program is aimed at

　　A. promoting disease prevention

　　B. building more sidewalks

　　C. helping needy communities

　　D. wiping out chronic diseases

　　42. Which of the following is NOT true of chronic diseases in the US?

　　A. They often result in unhealthy lifestyles.

　　B. They account for 70% of all deaths.

　　C. They are responsible for most of the health care costs.

　　D. They are largely preventable

　　43 The author mentions all the following as ways of disease prevention EXCEPT

　　A. better diet

　　B. daily screening

　　C. more exercise

　　D. reduction on smoking

　　44. The passage indicates that more money spent on disease prevention will mean

　　A. greater responsibility of the government

　　B. less money needed for disease treatment

　　C. higher costs of health care

　　D. more lifestyle choices for people

　　45. Early cancer screening can help reduce significantly

　　A. the death rates for all chronic diseases

　　B. the kinds of cancer attacking people

　　C. the cancer incidence rate

　　D. the cancer death rate