2014年职称英语综合B考试试题及答案(网友整理版)

　　原文来自于职称英语教材综合类概括大意第一篇

　　1 IKEA is the world's largest furniture retailer, and the man behind it is Ingvar Kampread, one of the world's most successful entrepreneurs. Born in Sweden in 1926, Kamprad was a natural businessman. As a child, he enjoyed selling things and made small profits from selling matches, seeds, and pencils in his community. When Kamprad was 17, his father gave him some money as a reward for his good grades. Naturally he used it to start up a business-IKEA.
　　2 IKEA's name comes from Kamprad's initials(I.K.)and the place where he grew up ('E' and 'A'). Today IKEA is known for its modern, minimalist furniture, but it was not a furniture company in the beginning. Rather, IKEA sold all kinds of miscellaneous goods, including watches, pens and stockings.
　　3 IKEA first began to sell furniture through a mail-order catalogue in 1947. The furniture was all designed and made by manufacturers near Kamprad's home. Initial sales were very encouraging, so Kamprad expanded the product line. Furniture was such a successful aspect of the business that IKEA became solely a furniture company in 1951.
　　4 in 1953 IKEA opened its first showroom in Almhult, Sweden. IKEA is known today for its spacious stores with furniture in attractive settings, but in the early 1950s, people loved being able to see and try the furniture before buying it. This led to increased sales and the company continued to thrive. By 1955, IKEA was designing all its own furniture.
　　5 in 1956 Kamprad saw a man disassembling a table to make it easier to transport. Kamprad was inspired. The man had given him a great idea: flat packaging. Flat packaging would mean lower shipping costs for IKEA and lower prices for customers. IKEA tried it and sales soared. The problem was that people had of assemble furniture themselves, but over time, even this grew into an advantage for IKEA. Nowadays, IKEA is often seen as having connotations of self-sufficiency. This image has done wonders for the company, leading to better sales and continued expansion.
　　6 Today there are over 200 stories in 32countries. Amazingly, Ingvar Kamprad has managed to keep IKEA a privately-held company. In 2004 he was named the world's richest man. He currently lives in Switzerland and is retied from the day-to-day operations of IKEA. IKEA itself, though, just keeps on growing.The Making of a Success Story1 IKEA is the world's largest furniture retailer, and the man behind it is Ingvar Kamprad, one of the world's most successful entrepreneurs. Born in Sweden in 1926, Kamprad was a natural businessman. As a child, he enjoyed selling things and made small profits from selling matches, seeds, and pencils in his community. When Kamprad was 17, his father gave him some money as a reward for his good grades. Naturally he used it to start up a business一IKEA.
　　2 IKEA's name comes from Kamprad's initials (I.K.) and the place where he grew up ('E' and 'A'). Today IKEA is known for its modern, minimalist furniture1, but it was not a furniture company in the beginning. Rather, IKEA sold all kinds of miscellaneous goods. Kamprad's wares included anything that he could sell for profits at discounted prices2, including watches, pens and stockings.
　　3 IKEA first began to sell furniture through a mail-order catalogue in 1947. The fUrniture was all designed and made by manufacturers near Kamprad's home. Initial sales were very encouraging, so Kamprad expanded the product line. Furniture was such a successful aspect of the business that IKEA became solely a furniture company in 1951.
　　4 In 1953 IKEA opened its first showroom in Almhult, Sweden. IKEA is known today for its spacious stores with furniture iti attractive settings, but in the early 1950s, people ordered from catalogues. Thus response to the first showroom was overwhelmiig: people loved being able to see and try the furniture before buying it. This led to increased sales and the company continued to thrive. By 1955, IKEA was designing all its own furniture.
　　5 In 1956 Kamprad saw a man disassembling a table to make it easier to transport. Kamprad was inspired. The man had given him a great idea: flat packaging3. Flat packaging would mean lower shipping costs for IKEA and lower prices for customers. IKEA tried it and sales soared. The problem was that people had to assemble furniture themselves, but over time, even this grew into an advantage for IKEA. Nowadays, IKEA is often seen as having connotations of self-sufficiency. This image has done wonders for the company, leading to better sales and continued expansion.
　　6 Today there are over 200 stores in 32 countries. Amazingly, Ingvar Kamprad has managed to keep IKEA a privately-held company. In 2004 he was named the world's richest man. He currently lives in Switzerland and is retied from the day-to-day operations of IKEA. IKEA itself, though, just keeps on growing.
　　31. Kamprad established IKEA with
　　A . his personal savings
　　B . his father’s reward for his school performanceC . large profits from selling things
　　D . his school’s support
　　32. The author states in Paragraph 5 that flat packaging
　　A . needs large space to assembly fumiture
　　B . is a business concept inspired by Kamprad
　　C . helps reduce transportation costs
　　D . makes the company self-sufficient
　　33. According to the passage.which of the following is NOT true？
　　A . IKEA experienced rapid expansion since the late 1950sB . IKEA designd its own products since 1955C . IKEA sold all kinds of miscellaneous goods originallyD . Kamprad said his company after retirement
　　34. what is the auther’s attitude towards IKEA’s future according toA . indifferent
　　B . Doubtful
　　C . Optimistic
　　D . Pessimistic
　　35. The passage is developed primarily in terms ofA . analysis of a process
　　B . examples that illustrate a problem
　　C . comanson and contrast
　　D . sequence events

　　阅读理解2：Approaches to Understanding IntelligencesIt pays to be smart but we are not all smart in the same way.……
　　36. What is the main idea of this passage？
　　A . The importance of intelligence
　　B . The development of intelligence tests
　　C . How to understand intelligence
　　D . How to pecome intelligent
　　37. Which of the following statements is true concerning general intelligence？
　　A . Most intelligent people do well on some intelligence tests
　　B . Intelligent people do not do well on group tests
　　C . Intelligent people do better on written tests than on oral tests
　　D . People doing well on one type of intelligence test do well on other tests
　　38. Gardner believe that
　　A . all children are alike
　　B . children have different intelligences
　　C . children should take one intelligence test
　　D . there is no general intelligence
　　39. According to Gardner schools should
　　A . promote development of all intelligences
　　B . test student's who do poorly on tests
　　C . train students who do poorly on tests
　　D . focus on finding the most intelligent students
　　40. Gardner thinks that his theory has a
　　A . musical foundation
　　B . intrapersonal foundation
　　C . linguistic foundation
　　D . biological foundation

　　阅读理解3：The Worker's Role in Management
　　来自于2014年职称英语教材综合类阅读判断

　　Traditionally, it has been the worker's role to worker and management's role to mange. Managers have planned and directed the firm's operation with little thought consulting the labor force. Managers have rarely felt compelled to obtain the worker's opinions or to explain their decisions to their employees. At most, companies have provided "suggestion boxes" in which workers could place ideas for improving procedures. In recent years, however, many management specialists have been arguing that workers are more than sellers of labor-they have a vital stake in the company and many be able to make significant contributions to its management. Furthermore, major company decisions profoundly affect workers and their dependents. This is particularly true of plant closings, which may put thousands on the unemployment lines. Should workers, then, play a stronger role in management?
　　Workers should have a role in management. At the very least, the labor force should be informed of major policy decisions. (A common complaint among rank-and-file workers is the lack of information about company policies and actions.) Between 1980 and 1985 about five million workers were the victims of plant closings and permanent layoffs, often with no warning. At least 90 day's notice ought to be given in such instances so that workers have time to adjust. Management should consult workers before closing a plant, because the workers might be able to suggest ways of improving productivity and reducing costs and might be willing to make concessions that will keep the plant operating.
　　It should become a general practice to include workers in some managerial decision making. There ought to be representatives of the workers on the firm's board of directors or other major policymaking groups. If rank-and-file workers are given a voice in the planning and management of the work flow, they will help to make improvement, their morale will rise, and their productivity will increase. As a further incentive, they must be given a share in the company's profits. This can be done through employee stockownership plans, bonuses, or rewards for efficiency and productivity. Finally, when a plant can no longer operate at a profit, the workers should be given the opportunity to purchase the plant and run it themselves.
　　41. It can be inferred from Paragraph 1 that managersA . were not qualified
　　B . seldom obtain workers opinion
　　C . dislike suggestion workers opinions
　　D . never consulted the tapor torce
　　42. In recent years，many management specialists have been arguing they
　　A . should have a say in management of the company
　　B . are no longer sellers of the products
　　C . are less affected by company decisions than before
　　D . are able to make final decisions for the company
　　43. The word rank-file Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to
　　A . senior
　　B . ordinary
　　C . intelligent
　　D . capable
　　44. According to the passage，what happened between 1980 and 1985
　　A . About five million workers were laid off without advance notice
　　B . Managers consulted workers before closing a plant
　　C . Workers did not make necessary concession
　　D . Many companies were closed because of strikes
　　45. If not give a voice in managerial decision making，workers
　　A . may lack the incentive to increase their productivity
　　B . cannot get a share in the company’s profits
　　C . can still get bonuses for efficiency and productivity
　　D . will not have the opportunity to purchase the plant