2016年职称英语综合类B级词汇讲解(2)

　　1.There is a growing(不断增加的) gap(n 缺口、裂口、距离、分歧) between the rich(代表一类人，富人们) and the poor(穷人们). (answer: C)

　　A. conflict：n 冲突、争执、(意见的)分歧、v冲突、抵触

　　a conflict of interests利害冲突;

　　B. tension: n 紧张，同义词：nervousness

　　C. gulf: n 海湾、沟壑、分歧，常见搭配：gulf between A and B in sth

　　There is a gulf between the husband and the wife in education(教育) of their child.

　　D. confrontation: n 对抗、动词：confront.

　　一般用于： confront sb with sth让某人面对(不快的或令人头疼的事情)

　　有关gap,还有一个常见的表达：generation gap代沟

　　2.I am very grateful(感激的) to you for your assistance(帮助). (answer: D)

　　A. helpful：有帮助的，反义词：helpless, 词组：be helpful to sb

　　He is always helpful to his mother.

　　B. hopeful:有希望的，反义词：hopeless, 常见搭配：be hopeful of/about对。。。抱有希望，如：I am hopeful of passing the exam.

　　C. pitiful: pity+ful 令人怜悯的、可怜的，反义词：pitiless: 无怜悯心的、残酷的

　　D .thankful：感激的、感谢的，反义词：thankless: 不感谢的、忘恩的，常见搭配：

　　be thankful to sb for sth = be grateful to sb for sth

　　得出结论：同义词的常见搭配也一样，后缀-ful(充满的)和-less(少的、几乎没有的)互为反义词。(重要词根!)

　　3.You will be meeting her presently(不久、立刻). (answer: A)

　　A. shortly：adv马上、立刻 I’ll be coming back shortly.

　　B. currently: adv时下、当前，同义词组：at present = now

　　She is currently in Beijing.

　　C. lately(***): adv 最近，同义词：recently

　　How have been lately?近来可好?

　　D. probably： 可能地，反义词：improbably, 同义词：possibly.

　　presently = shortly = soon

　　4.Attitudes to(对。。。的态度) mental(精神的) illness(疾病) have shifted(改变) in recent years(在近几年=lately). (answer: C)

　　A. displayed: 展示、陈列某物，显示、显露 display sth to sb

　　B. shown:原形show, 显示、展示，此时和display属近义词。

　　C. changed(***)：高频核心词，含义丰富，改变、更换、交换、换乘、换衣服\兑换货币，等等。

　　change one’s idea/attitude改变主意/态度;change one’s job换工作; change gear换挡; change sides改变立场; change train换乘火车;change dollars into RMB把美圆兑换成人民币。

　　D. demonstrated：v 证明、论证、表明、示威游行

　　5.I have been trying to(尽力) quit(停止) smoking. (answer: A)

　　A. give up：停止、放弃，give up sth/doing sth, 如：

　　My husband gave up(= quit = stop = abandon) smoking last year.

　　B. pick up(***):捡起来、情况好转、通过实践学会(外语、技术)、收取某物、接人、偶然结识某人等。

　　C. build up逐渐发展、增强

　　D. take up：占据(时间或空间)、从事某事