2017年12月英语四级翻译真题解析试卷一：华山
原文：
华山位于华阴市，距西安120公里。华山是秦岭的一部分，秦岭不仅分隔陕南与陕北，也分隔华南与华北。与从前人们常去朝拜的泰山不同，华山过去很少有人光临。因为上山的道路极其危险。然而，希望长寿的人却经常上山，因为山上生长着许多药草，特别是一些稀有的药草。自上世纪90年代安装缆车以来，参观人数大大增加。
解析：
这段话可以分为六个句子。
【第一句】华山位于华阴市，距西安120公里。
这句话的翻译重点在于“位于”，当然用be in这个结构也没有问题，但是如果能用be located in或者be situated in会更准确。华山，可以翻译成Mount Hua，也可以翻译成Huashan Mountain。离某地的距离，可以用away from，或者只用一个from。关于西安这个地名的翻译，需要记住标准的写法是Xi’an或者Xi’An。
这句话可以翻译为：
Mount Hua is located in Huayin City. It is 120 km away from Xi’an.
更高级的翻译是：
Located in the City of Huayin, Mount Hua is 120 kilometers from Xi’an.
【第二句】华山是秦岭的一部分，秦岭不仅分隔陕南与陕北，也分隔华南与华北。
这句话里首先要注意的还是几个地理名词的翻译。秦岭，是the Qinling Mountains，或者the Qin Mountains。作为一条山脉的名字，准确的翻译方法应该是the XX Mountains。陕南和陕北的翻译中，要注意“陕西”的标准翻译是Shaanxi而不是Shanxi（山西），这个在和谐网校四级课程的词汇课中有提到。“不仅 … 也 …”可以用not only …… but also这样的句型。
这句话可以翻译为：
Mount Hua is a part of the Qinling Mountains, which divide not only northern and southern Shaanxi, but also China.
更高级的翻译是：
Mount Hua is part of the Qinling Mountains, which not only separate Northern Shaanxi and Southern Shaanxi, but divide China into Northern and Southern parts.
【第三句】与从前人们常去朝拜的泰山不同，华山过去很少有人光临。
【第四句】因为上山的道路极其危险。
这两句话因为有一个明显的因果关系，所以可以放在一起进行解析。
“朝拜”，是一个在四级翻译中出现频率较高的词汇，worship。当然如果这个“朝拜”翻不出来的话，可以直接说“去泰山”。而泰山的翻译，规则和华山类似，可以写Mount Tai或者Taishan Mountain。
这两句话可以翻译为：
It was different from Mount Tai, where people often went in the past. Few people went to Mount Hua in the past because the road to the top was very dangerous.
更高级的翻译是：
Unlike the widely worshipped Mount Tai, Mount Hua was rarely visited owing to the dangerous paths to the top.
【第五句】然而，希望长寿的人却经常上山，因为山上生长着许多药草，特别是一些稀有的药草。
“长寿”，这个单词在和谐网校的写作翻译考前公开课上由Lilian老师说到过，作为一个名词是longevity。“药草”的翻译也是一个难点，medical herbs，而不能用grass这个词。这句话中的“然而”，处理成however就可以了。
这句话可以翻译为：
However, people who wish a long life often go up to the mountain because many herbs grow there, especially some rare ones.
更高级的翻译是：
However, those who longed for longevity visited Mount Hua on a regular basis because there were numerous medical herbs, particularly the scarce.
【第六句】自上世纪90年代安装缆车以来，参观人数大大增加。
缆车的英文翻译是cable car。“自 …… 以来”，在翻译的时候应该处理成现在完成时。
这句话可以翻译为：
The number of tourists has been greatly increased since the installation of cable cars in 1990s.
更高级的翻译是：
There has been an increase in the number of travelers since the installation of the cable cars in 1990s.
全文翻译：
【基础版】
Mount Hua is located in Huayin City. It is 120 km away from Xi’an. Mount Hua is a part of the Qinling Mountains, which divide not only northern and southern Shaanxi, but also China. It was different from Mount Tai, where people often went in the past. Few people went to Mount Hua in the past because the road to the top was very dangerous. However, people who wish a long life often go up to the mountain because many herbs grow there, especially some rare ones. The number of tourists has been greatly increased since the installation of cable cars in 1990s.
【进阶版】
Located in the City of Huayin, Mount Hua is 120 kilometers from Xi’an. Mount Hua is part of the Qinling Mountains, which not only separate Northern Shaanxi and Southern Shaanxi, but divide China into Northern and Southern parts. Unlike the widely worshipped Mount Tai, Mount Hua was rarely visited owing to the dangerous paths to the top. However, those who longed for longevity visited Mount Hua on a regular basis because there were numerous medical herbs, particularly the scarce. There has been an increase in the number of travelers since the installation of the cable cars in 1990s.
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