和谐英语

英语四级写作备考第七期

2008-10-15来源:和谐英语
  六.指代不清(Ambiguous Reference of Pronouns)
  指代不清主要讲的是代词与被指代的人或物关系不清,或者先后所用的代词不一致。试看下面这一句:
  Mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted her to be her bridesmaid. (玛丽和我姐姐很要好,因为她要她做她的伴娘。)
  读完上面这一句话,读者无法明确地判断两位姑娘中谁将结婚,谁将当伴娘。如果我们把易于引起误解的代词的所指对象加以明确,意思就一目了然了。这个句子可改为:
  Mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted my sister to be her bridesmaid. 例1. And we can also know the society by serving it yourself. 剖析:句中人称代词we 和反身代词yourself指代不一致。改为:
  We can also know society by serving it ourselves.
  七.不间断句子(Run-on Sentences) 
  什么叫run-on sentence?请看下面的例句。
  例1.There are many ways we get to know the outside world. 剖析:这个句子包含了两层完整的意思:“There are many ways.” 以及“We get to know the outside world.”。简单地把它们连在一起就不妥当了。
  改为:
  There are many ways for us to learn about the outside world. 或:
  There are many ways through which we can become acquainted with the outside
  world
  八.措词毛病(Troubles in Diction) 
  例1.The increasing use of chemical obstacles in agriculture also makes pollution. (农业方面化学物质使用的不断增加也造成了污染。)
  剖析:显然,考生把obstacles“障碍”,“障碍物”误作substance“物质”了。另外“the increasing use (不断增加的使用)” 应改为“abusive use (滥用)”。
  改为:
  The abusive use of chemical substances in agriculture also causes/leads to pollution.
  九.累赘(Redundancy)
  言以简洁为贵。写句子没有一个多余的词;写段落没有一个无必要的句子。能用单词的不用词组;能用词组的不用从句或句子。如:
  In spite of the fact that he is lazy, I like him. 本句的“the fact that he is lazy”系同谓语从句,我们按照上述“能用词组的不用从句”可以改为:In spite of his laziness, I like him. 例1.For the people who are diligent and kind, money is just the thing to be used to buy the thing they need. 剖析:整个句子可以大大简化。
  改为:
  Diligent, caring people use money only to buy what they need.
  十.不连贯(Incoherence)
  不连贯是指一个句子前言不对后语,或是结构上不畅通。这也是考生常犯的毛病。
  例1.The fresh water, it is the most important things of the earth. 剖析:The fresh water 与逗号后的it 不连贯。It 与things 在数方面不一致。
  改为:
  Fresh water is the most important thing in the world.
  十一.综合性语言错误(Comprehensive Misusage)
  所谓“综合性语言错误”,是指除了上述十种错误以外,还有诸如时态,语态,标点符号,大小写等方面的错误。
继续试写:  
  1.人们把会使用计算机与人生成功相提并论。  
  2.在过去的几十年,先进的医疗技术已经使得人们比过去活的时间更长成为可能。  
  3. 事实上,我们必须承认生命的质量和生命本身一样重要。  
  4.我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境。  
  5.人们相信拥有计算机技术可以获得更多工作或提升的机会。