新六级直击考点---综合改错题六

四、非谓语动词使用错误

非谓语动词在六级综合改错里算是一个较为令人头疼的改错类型，它包括不定式、分词、动名词。六级改错中主要出现的是非谓语动词和主要谓语动词之间的混淆，具体分为以下两种情况：

① 分词，主要是现在分词和过去分词的误用，如： a puzzled question → a puzzling question ； an exciting girl → an excited girl 等。

② 动词非谓语形式做主语、宾语，有时需要 it 作形式主语或形式宾语。如： This is no good arguing with him.(This → it )

例1

The idea that learn a foreign language is hard 1.__________

work is realized by every student.

分析句子结构可知：the idea是主语；is realized是谓语部分；that引导同位语从句。从句中learn a foreign language是主语，而learn是动词形式，应改为动名词“learning”。

例2

From these unearthed bones scientists are able

to reconstruct the skeleton of the animal and from

the reconstructing skeleton, they can obtain quite 1.__________

a good idea of its appearance.

“reconstructing”表示正在进行的动作，而根据原句可知，“skeleton”本身并不能发出这个动作，而应该为“reconstructed”，意为“the skeleton that is reconstructed”，这是过去分词作为定语。

例3

Lighthouses are set up to warn the passed ships 1.__________

of the dangers along the coast. Ancient people used

simple fire signal which could only mean “Danger!

Keep off”.

“passed ships”表示“已经过去的船只”，当然不可能再给予警告，这不符合逻辑，应该改为passing，意为“过往的船只”，此处现在分词作定语。

例4

But modern lighthouse also identifies itself in a

code knowing to all ships that pass by. Most of the 1.__________

modern lighthouses have a revolving light that is

red and then green.

根据句意可知，这些代码所有的船只都知道，即“a code which is known to all ships”的省略形式，“knowing”表示“正在知道，了解”这个动作过程，显然不符合题意，故应该将knowing改为known。

非谓语动词的使用错误虽然不外乎不定式、分词（包括现在分词和过去分词）以及动名词三种类型，然而使用起来往往容易混淆，而且也不易区分，所以得分率通常都较低。

练习题

1 Judging by today’s standards the techniques applied 1.__________

to the construction of these ancient palaces are highly

advanced.

2 TV has become an essential part of our daily life,

keeping us informed of the news of the day. Comparing 2.__________

with other media of information and education, TV is

almost unrivalled.

3 The characters being described in this TV play are 3.__________

very true to life, which may be the reason why it

touched a nation of audience.

4 There are a great many places of interest in this 4.__________

city. But the major attraction is a recently built

hotel which resembles a sailing ship when seeing

from a distance. No travelers leave the city without

visiting it.

5 The building built now at our school is the new 5.__________

library.

6 A lighthouse must be high enough for its light

to see far away, but if it is too high, it has more 6.__________

possibility to be destroyed by high wind; so it is

not always true to say that the higher it is the better.

7 Consider the great need for improving many 7.__________

aspects of the global environment, one is surely

justified in his concern for the money and resources

that are poured into the space exploration efforts.

8 The small college, however, generally provides

a limited number of courses and specializations,

but offers a better student-faculty radio, thus permit 8.__________

individualized attention to students.

9 The way space is used to enable the individual

to achieve privacy, to build homes or designing 9.__________ 

cities is culturally influenced.

10 But the fourth robber put him quite beside himself

by approaching him and asked what the dog 10.__________

cost him.