六级—不等下次过之改错篇（2）

第二天：认识词汇错误

一、 副词、形容词误用

1、 系动词和感官动词后要接形容词。系动词有：be, appear, seem, become, turn, go, come, grow, keep 等；感官动词 ：feel, taste, smell, sound, look 等；另外 系动词中的became, turn, go, come, grow, keep 等也可以是 行为动词，请注意区别~ 试比较：Meat goes bad easily. / Go quickly or you’ll be late.

2、 大多数副词以-ly结尾，但以-ly结尾的并不都是副词。Like 形容词 意为“相似的，相像的”，likely 也同样是形容词 意为“可能的”；类似的情形：friendly（友好的）, woolly（长绒毛的），costly（昂贵的），lonely（孤单的），elderly（过了中年的，稍老的），fatherly（如父亲的，慈爱的），motherly, brotherly, deadly（致命的，极度的）等。

3、 一些以 a-开头的形容词 只能做表语，而不做名词的前置修饰语，只能放在名词的后面；不能说 an asleep boy 而应是 a sleeping boy 或 an boy asleep ；这一类的形容词有：afraid, alike, alive, alone, asleep, awake, ashamed（惭愧的，羞耻的），afloat（飘浮的，传播的），akin（同族的，类似的），alight（点着的，发亮的）。

二、 介词误用

1、 介词的错误，只要 出现在 不及物动词后的介词；一些形容词后的介词；名词前后的介词 以及一些固定词组中的介词习惯搭配 被误用。比如：中文说 “一只鸟在树上”，而英文却是“There is a bird in the tree.”用的是 in 这个介词，而并非on；请大家做改错的时候，尽量从从所描述情景本身的形象含义，来考虑使用哪个介词；而不要全部从汉语的字面上理解 来选择介词。

三、 代词的误用

1、 弄清句子中某代词指代的对象，注意它前后的指称是否一致；

2、 对于关系代词，当现行词是指人的名词时，关系代词主格用 who 或that, 宾格用whom；现行词是指物的名词时，关系代词用 which 或 that, 单在非限制性定语从句中或介词后面的从句里 却只能用 which, 不能用that； 在同位语从句里 关系代词一般用 that, 而不用which。

3、 按正规语法，不定代词 someone, everyone, anyone, each 等都用 he, him, his, himself 第三人称单数代词与之相呼应，而不用 they, them, theirs, themselves 复数代词。

四、 连词误用

1、 连词分为从属连词和并列连词，它们的语法功能要搞清楚；尤其注意并列连词连接的前后部分在语法上必须对等、对称。尤其是并列的连词词组，如 either……or, neither……nor, as well as, in case 等。

2、 有些词既可以做 介词 又可做 连词 （如：since, for 等），但表达的意思不同；另一些词意思相同，如：despite（尽管）是介词，although （尽管）是连词，要注意区别二者的使用；还有一些词（如：during, neither, hence, however, like, then 等）很容易被误当作连词，要特别小心；事实上，它们是介词或是副词。

3、 最重要的是：先读懂句意，正确判断句子各部分的关系——是因果关系、条件关系还是并列关系，然后才能确定应用哪个连词。

五、 冠词误用

1、 注意物质名词、抽象名词在句中是否已普通名词化 或反之，这与该名词是否需要加冠词有密切的关系。例如： abandon ship 弃船而逃； a Smith 一个叫史密斯的人。

2、 仔细读懂句意，正确判断某个名词是特指还是泛指。

大家一起来做套题练习一下，做的不对没关系，只要经过自己的思考就是好的

When you start talking about good and bad manners you

immediately start meeting difficulties. Many people just cannot

agree what they mean. We asked a lady, who replied that she

thought you could tell a well-mannered person on the way they 71._______

occupied the space around them—for example, when such a

person walks down a street he or she is constantly unaware of 72._______

others. Such people never bump into other people.

However, a second person thought that this was more a

question of civilized behavior as good manners. Instead, this 73._______

other person told us a story, it he said was quite well known, 74._______

about an American who had been invited to an Arab meal at 75._______

one of the countries of the Middle East. The American hasn't 76._______

been told very much about the kind of food he might expect.If

he had known about American food, he might have behaved 77._______

better.

Immediately before him was a very flat piece of bread that

looked, to him, very much as a napkin （餐巾） Picking it 78._______

up, he put it into his collar, so that it falls across his shirt. 79._______

His Arab host, who had been watching, said of nothing, but 80._______

immediately copied the action of his guest.

And that, said this second person, was a fine example of

good manners.