2019年6月英语六级模拟试题及参考答案（5)

　写作：
　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Online Romance. You should write at least 150 words, and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
　　1)随着互联网的普及，出现了很多网络恋情
　　2)人们对此褒贬不一
　　3)你的看法
　　【思路点拨】
　　本题属于提纲式文字命题。提纲第1点要求指出一种现象，提纲第2点要求阐述人们对该现象所持的不同态度，提纲第3点要求表明“我”的看法，由此可判断本文应为对比选择型作文。
　　根据所给提纲，本文应包含以下内容：描述网络恋情的出现，引出人们对其的不同态度;对比阐述两种态度各自的理由;表明“我”更倾向于哪种态度并说明理由。
　　【参考范文】
　　Online Romance
　　With the widespread of the Internet, there have appeared many online romances. The lovers meet over the Internet, date on the net and finally fall in love with each other. People’s opinions on it vary greatly.
　　Some people think online love is very romantic and exciting. It is an amazing thing that the Internet brings together two strange persons far away from each other. Moreover, they think that online romance, compared with realistic love, attaches more emphasis on the appeal to each other in spirit and involves less material conditions. However, many others think differently. In their eyes, the Internet is a virtual world, on which there impossibly exist real, enduring love since it is very difficult to tell the real from the fake by the Internet. Besides, they argue that pursuing online romance is sometimes very dangerous because there are many cheaters on the net.
　　As far as I am concerned, it is an easy and fast way for people to make new people by the Internet. However, people should have more protection and safety consciousness when making friends by the Internet. Don’t give out rashly your personal information to strangers on the net. And keep it in your mind that you should have more realistic knowledge of each other before starting a romance.

　　阅读理解：
　　On the 36th day after they had voted, Americans finally learned Wednesday who would be their next president: Governor George W. Bush of Texas.
　　Vice President Al Gore, his last realistic avenue for legal challenge closed by a U. S. Supreme Court decision late Tuesday, planned to end the contest formally in a televised evening speech of perhaps 10 minutes, advisers said.
　　They said that Senator Joseph Lieberman, his vice presidential running mate, would first make brief comments. The men would speak from a ceremonial chamber of the Old Executive office Building, to the west of the White House.
　　The dozens of political workers and lawyers who had helped lead Mr. Gore’s uNPRecedented fight to claw a come-from-behind electoral victory in the pivotal state of Florida were thanked Wednesday and asked to stand down.
　　“The vice president has directed the recount committee to suspend activities,” William Daley, the Gore campaign chairman, said in a written statement.
　　Mr. Gore authorized that statement after meeting with his wife, Tipper, and with top advisers including Mr. Daley.
　　He was expected to telephone Mr. Bush during the day. The Bush campaign kept a low profile and moved gingerly, as if to leave space for Mr. Gore to contemplate his next steps.
　　Yet, at the end of a trying and tumultuous process that had focused world attention on sleepless vote counters across Florida, and on courtrooms form Miami to Tallahassee to Atlanta to Washington the Texas governor was set to become the 43d U. S. president.
　　The news of Mr. Gore’s plans followed the longest and most rancorous dispute over a U. S. presidential election in more than a century, one certain to leave scars in a badly divided country.
　　It was a bitter ending for Mr. Gore, who had outpolled Mr. Bush nationwide by some 300000 votes, but, without Florida, fell short in the Electoral College by 271votes to 267—the narrowest Electoral College victory since the turbulent election of 1876.
　　Mr. Gore was said to be distressed by what he and many Democratic activists felt was a partisan decision from the nation’s highest court.
　　The 5-to –4 decision of the Supreme Court held, in essence, that while a vote recount in Florida could be conducted in legal and constitutional fashion, as Mr. Gore had sought, this could not be done by the Dec. 12 deadline for states to select their presidential electors.
　　James Baker 3rd, the former secretary of state who represented Mr. Bush in the Florida dispute, issued a short statement after the U. S. high court ruling, saying that the governor was “very pleased and gratified.”
　　Mr. Bush was planning a nationwide speech aimed at trying to begin to heal the country’s deep, aching and varied divisions. He then was expected to meet with congressional leaders, including Democrats. Dick Cheney, Mr. Bush’s ruing mate, was meeting with congressmen Wednesday in Washington.
　　When Mr. Bush, who is 54, is sworn into office on Jan.20, he will be only the second son of a president to follow his father to the White House, after John Adams and John Quincy Adams in the early 19th century.
　　Mr. Gore, in his speech, was expected to thank his supporters, defend his hive-week battle as an effort to ensure, as a matter of principle, that every vote be counted, and call for the nation to join behind the new president. He was described by an aide as “resolved and resigned.”
　　While some constitutional experts had said they believed states could present electors as late as Dec. 18, the U. S. high court made clear that it saw no such leeway.
　　The U.S. high court sent back “for revision” to the Florida court its order allowing recounts but made clear that for all practical purposes the election was over.
　　In its unsigned main opinion, the court declared, “The recount process, in its features here described, is inconsistent with the minimum procedures necessary to protect the fundamental right of each voter.”
　　That decision, by a court fractured along philosophical lines, left one liberal justice charging that the high court’s proceedings bore a political taint.
　　Justice John Paul Stevens wrote in an angry dissent:” Although we may never know with complete certainty the identity of the winner of this year’s presidential election, the identity of the loser is perfectly clear. It is the nation’s confidence in the judge as an impartial guardian of the law.”
　　But at the end of five seemingly endless weeks, during which the physical, legal and constitutional machines of the U. S. election were pressed and sorely tested in ways unseen in more than a century, the system finally produced a result, and one most Americans appeared to be willing at lease provisionally to support.
　　The Bush team welcomed the news with an outward show of restraint and aplomb. The governor’s hopes had risen and fallen so many times since Election night, and the legal warriors of each side suffered through so many dramatic reversals, that there was little energy left for celebration.
　　1 The main idea of this passage is
　　[A]. Bush’s victory in presidential election bore a political taint.
　　[B]. The process of the American presidential election.
　　[C]. The Supreme Court plays a very important part in the presidential election. [D]. Gore is distressed.
　　2 What does the sentence “as if to leave space for Mr. Gore to contemplate his next step” mean
　　[A]. Bush hopes Gore to join his administration. [B]. Bush hopes Gore to concede defeat and to support him.
　　[C]. Bush hopes Gore to congraduate him. [D]. Bush hopes Gore go on fighting with him.
　　3 Why couldn’t Mr. Gore win the presidential election after he outpolled Mr. Bush in the popular vote? Because
　　[A]. the American president is decided by the supreme court’s decision. [B]. people can’t directly elect their president.
　　[C]. the American president is elected by a slate of presidential electors. [D]. the people of each state support Mr. Bush.
　　4 What was the result of the 5—4 decision of the supreme court?
　　[A]. It was in fact for the vote recount. [B]. It had nothing to do with the presidential election.
　　[C]. It decided the fate of the winner. [D]. It was in essence against the vote recount.
　　5 What did the “turbulent election of 1876” imply?
　　[A]. The process of presidential election of 2000 was the same as that.
　　[B]. There were great similarities between the two presidential elections (2000 and 1876).
　　[C]. It was compared to presidential election of 2000. [D]. It was given an example.
　　答案ABCDB

　　Supporters of the biotech industry have accused an American scientist of misconduct after she testified to the New Zealand government that a genetically modified(GM) bacterium could cause serious damage if released.
　　The New Zealand Life Sciences Network, an association of pro-GM scientists and organizations, says the view expressed by Elaine Ingham, a soil biologist at Oregon State University in Corvallis, was exaggerated and irresponsible. It has asked her university to discipline her.
　　But Ingham stands by her comments and says the complaints are an attempt to silence her. "They're trying to cause trouble with my university and get me fired," Ingham told New Scientist.
　　The controversy began on 1 February, when Ingham testified before New Zealand's Royal Commission on Genetic Modification, which will determine how to regulate GM organisms. Ingham claimed that a GM version of a common soil bacterium could spread and destroy plants if released into the wild. Other researchers had previously modified the bacterium to produce alcohol from organic waste. But Ingham says that when she put it in soil with wheat plants, all of the plants died within a week..
　　"We would lose terrestrial(陆生的)plants... this is an organism that is potentially deadly to the continued survival of human beings," she told the commission. She added that the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) canceled its approval for field tests using the organism once she had told them about her research in 1999.
　　But last week the New Zealand Life Sciences Network accused Ingham of "presenting inaccurate, careless and exaggerated information" and "generating speculative doomsday scenarios (世界末日的局面)that are not scientifically supportable". They say that her study doesn't even show that the bacteria would survive in the wild, much less kill massive numbers of plants. What's more, the network says that contrary to Ingham's claims, the EPA. was never asked to consider the organism for field trials.
　　The EPA has not commented on the dispute. But an e-mail to the network from Janet Anderson, director of the EPA's bio pesticides (生物杀虫剂)division, says "there is no record of a review and/or clearance to field test".
　　Ingham says EPA officials had told her that the organism was approved for field tests, but says she has few details. It's also not clear whether the organism, first engineered by a German institute for biotechnology, is still in use.
　　Whether Ingham is right or wrong, her supporters say opponents are trying unfairly to silence her.
　　"I think her concerns should be taken seriously. She shouldn't be harassed in this way," says Ann Clarke, a plant biologist at the University of Guelph in Canada who also testified before the commission. "It's an attempt to silence the opposition."
　　57. The passage centers on the controversy ______.
　　A) between American and New Zealand biologists over genetic modification
　　B) as to whether the study of genetic modification should be continued
　　C) over the possible adverse effect of a GM bacterium on plants
　　D) about whether Elaine Ingham should be fired by her university
　　58. Ingham insists that her testimony is based on ______.
　　A) evidence provided by the EPA of the United States B) the results of an experiment she conducted herself
　　C) evidence from her collaborative research with German biologists D) the results of extensive field tests in Corvallis, Oregon
　　59. According to Janet Anderson, the EPA ______.
　　A) has canceled its approval for field tests of the GM organism B) hasn't reviewed the timings of Ingham's research
　　C) has approved field tests using the GM organism D) hasn't given permission to field test the GM organism
　　60. According to Ann Clarke, the New Zealand Life Sciences Network ______.
　　A) should gather evidence to discredit Ingham's claims B) should require that the research by their biologists be regulated
　　C) shouldn't demand that Ingham be disciplined for voicing her views D) shouldn't appease the opposition in such a quiet way
　　61. Which of the following statements about Ingham is TRUE?
　　A) Her testimony hasn't been supported by the EPA. B) Her credibility as a scientist hasn't been undermined.
　　C) She is firmly supported by her university. D) She has made great contributions to the study of GM bacteria.
　　答案CBDCA

　　The 35 percent of African-American youth living in poverty are the most visible victims of what is often called the achievement gap. But black children of all socioeconomic levels perform worse on national tests and graduate in fewer numbers than their white middle-class peers. A 2009 study by the U.S. Department of Education’s National Center for Education Statistics found that African-American students scored, on average, 26 points lower than white students on their reading and math tests.
　　Some say, as Harvard psychologist Richard J. Herrnstein and American Enterprise Institute political scientist Charles Murray did in their 1994 book, The Bell Curve, that the cause is genetic. And though The Bell Curve has been discredited in scientific circles, the idea that IQ is somehow linked to race has been slow to retreat.
　　Others, like Cornell University researchers Gary Evans and Michelle Schamberg, believe that “physiological stress is a plausible model for how poverty could get into the brain and eventually interfere with achievement,” as they wrote in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Our best efforts at narrowing the gap nationally — think No Child Left Behind — haven’t worked.
　　But locally, there are now signs of hope. At the Harlem Children’s Zone’s Promise Academy charter schools, at least 97 percent of third graders scored at or above grade level on a statewide math test in 2008, outperforming the average scores of both black and white children in New York City and New York State.
　　What the HCZ does is first recognize that the amelioration (改善) of poverty does not begin and end with an excellent education, but also requires a full belly, parental education, safety, advocacy, and the expectation that every student will succeed. “We help parents and kids through the system,” HCZ founder Geoffrey Canada says. “We get them past every hindrance put in their way, whether it be at home or with social services. We can advocate on a child’s behalf, whether it be at home or in the classroom or with the juvenile justice system.”
　　Indeed, the HCZ starts early: it provides new parents with a Baby College to teach parenting skills during the crucial first three years of a child’s life and a preschool Gems program, where kids learn not only French and Spanish but healthy eating habits to combat childhood obesity.
　　The Zone also offers the HCZ Asthma Initiative to provide medical care and education to families, thus drastically cutting down on the number of schoo l days missed by students suffering from asthma (哮´ɪ). And it has a network of afterschool programs that teach media literacy, karate (空手道), and computer skills. It’s called the pipeline — once families enter, it’s hoped that they’ll stay until their child graduates from college. The idea is to create a safety net woven so tightly that kids can’t slip through.
　　52. What does the author say about African-American youth as a whole?
　　A) They have more graduates from community colleges. B) They score far below the average education level.
　　C) They obviously are victims of the American education system.
　　D) Their academic performances are worse than their white peers.
　　53. According to the passage, the book The Bell Curve ________.
　　A) has sparked a heated debate in the scientific field B) leads to the study on the link between race and IQ
　　C) states that intelligence has a lot to do with race D) is against the idea that intelligence is decided by race
　　54. Experts like Michelle Schamberg think that ________.
　　A) the achievement gap can be narrowed easily B) it is unreasonable to relate low achievement to poverty
　　C) physiological stress works on achievement indirectly D) it is impossible to achieve the goal of equal performance
　　55. When it comes to fighting poverty, the Harlem Children’s Zone ________.
　　A) stresses more on crime prevention B) emphasizes an all-around system
　　C) condemns parents as a hindrance D) sees excellent education as the sole way
　　56. According to the passage, the purpose of HCZ’s black education is to ________.
　　A) offer students an integrated system B) reduce the number of asthmatic children
　　C) get rid of poverty at the first place D) set up a network to protect students from hazards
　　答案 D C C B A

　　Since Andrew Benton graduated from college less than four years ago, he has dropped out of a Princeton Ph.D. program in economics, moved to rural Georgia to start a Web-software company that he’s trying to sell, and now works freelance (自由职业) for a cloud-computing company in Silicon Valley. He buys his own health insurance and contributes to his retirement accounts; neither his policy nor his accounts receive corporate contributions. Does his job instability and lack of benefits worry him? Nope. The 26-year-old does not expect to hold a traditional 9-to-5 job unless he starts his own business again, and he is not overly pessimistic about the recession’s long-term effect on his career. “I don’t pay that much attention to what is going on in the economy,” he says. “I just found stuff I was interested in.”
　　Whatever you make of this attitude — smart, entitled, tech savvy (聪明的), risky, or bold — Benton is arguably the prototype (典型) of the new and perhaps ideal worker in the post-recession economy.
　　Still, this savvy demographic group isn’t immune from the career setbacks of the recession. Workers born after 1980, who are having a harder time gaining a foothold in the job market, may face lower earnings over the next several years of their careers.
　　Those who opt for traditional corporate careers have had to readjust their expectations. For some young, well-educated workers such as 24-year-old Adrian Muniz, the recession has been startling. Muniz graduated from Brown University in 2007 and moved to New York City, expecting to easily find work at a magazine. Instead, he ended up working at high-end retail stores for the past three years and doing media internships on the side to build up his résumé.
　　When the economy does pick up, experts warn that millennials, i.e. people born in or after 1980, may leave their companies for better jobs and higher paychecks. They will quit to travel the world, or simply because they did not like their boss. When more jobs become available, the millennials will use their tech savvy to promote themselves on Facebook, T witter, and other social networks. They will have no problem accepting contract, short-term work in place of a steadier paycheck. “The economy is actually creating a type of work that suits millennials well and does not suit baby boomers,” says Karl Ahlrichs, a human-resources consultant. In part, that’s because the economy is generating jobs in technology, computers, education, and health care that require serious technological, entrepreneurial, and creative skills as opposed to expertise in operations or management.
　　Armed with their education, parental support, or savings, millennials seem to have plenty of answers when it comes to dealing with the current economy. Still, questions remain. In their 30s and 40s, will they start their own businesses rather than joining the ranks of middle management? Will their innovative and entrepreneurial streak survive as they move through adult rites (仪式) of passage such as buying houses, raising children, or caring for aging parents? Ask a millennial and they’ll tell you that they’ll find or invent new answers to such age-old questions.
　　57. What do we learn about Andrew Benton’s work experience?
　　A) He has now an unsteady job without corporate welfare benefits.
　　B) Without a Ph.D., he was at a disadvantage when applying for job.
　　C) He gave up the chance to take a traditional corporate job. D) It takes about four years for him to realize what he wants to be.
　　58. What is a main concern of Andrew Benton?
　　A) Whether the economy is going to pick up quickly. B) When he should start and run another software firm.
　　C) Whether the job interests him and arouses his curiosity. D) How he can find an ideal job unaffected by the recession.
　　59. According to the passage, in the job market, workers born after 1980 ________.
　　A) earn much more than their predecessors B) have been affected by the economic downturn
　　C) gain a competitive edge with good education D) are undoubtedly ideal workers for the economy
　　60. What accounts for millennials’ being suitable for work created by the current economy?
　　A) Their desire to promote themselves. B) Their strong sense of looking after families.
　　C) Their special skills in running and managing firms. D) Their embrace of tech skills and innovative ideas.
　　61. What can we infer from the passage about millennials’ attitude towards their future?
　　A) Negative. B) Uncertain. C) Positive. D) Conservative.
　　答案 A C B D C

　　翻译：
　　上海
　　上海位于长江入海口(river mouth),是中国最大的城市，同时也是一座历史文化名城和著名的旅游城市。上海是中国最大的经济中心，是全国最重要的工业基地，也是重要的贸易、金融和文化中心。上海港是世界第三大港。东方明珠电视塔(Oriental Pearl TV Tower)是上海的标志性建筑，矗立立在黄浦江边，塔高468米， 是目前世界第三、亚洲第一高塔。外滩(The Bund)是上海最著名的旅游景点之—，其建筑风格多样，有古今，有中外，享有“万国建筑博览会”之称。

参考译文
　　Located in the river mouth of the Yangtze River,Shanghai is China's largest city and a famoushistorical, cultural and tourist city. It is China'slargest economic center, the most important nationalindustrial base, and an important center of trade,finance and culture as well. Shanghai is the world's third largest port. The Oriental Pearl TVTower is a landmark in Shanghai. It stands along the Huangpu River, with a height of 468meters, and it is the world's third highest and Asia's highest tower. The Bund is one ofShanghai's most famous tourist attractions. The architectural style there is diverse, bothancient and modern, home and abroad, thus making the Bund enjoy the title of the "exhibitionof the world's architecture".

解析
　　1.位于长江入海口：可译为located in the river mouth ofthe Yangtze River.
　　2.上海是中国最大的经济中心，是全国最重要的工业基地，也是重要的贸易、金融和文化中心：三个分句之间是并列关系，译成英语时也相应地译为并列句。
　　3.世界第三、亚洲第一高塔：可译为the world's thirdhighest and Asia's highest tower.
　　4.旅游景点：可译为tourist attraction.
　　5.有古今，有中外：可译为both ancient and modern，home and abroad.
　　6.万国建筑博览会：可译为exhibition of the world's architecture.