2008年12月英语四六级短文写作5大亮点设计

　　1)总结法
　　所谓总结法，就是通过文章前面的讨论分析引出一段总结性的言论，重申文章的中心思想或总结自己的观点，作为全文的结束。这是一种最常见的结尾方式，主要用于观点论证型作文和对比选择型作文。
　　【常用句式】
　　① Given the factors that I have just outlined, it is wise to support the statement that…
　　② From what has been discussed above/Judging from all evidence offered, we may safely/ undoubtedly draw/ come to/arrive at the conclusion that …
　　③ Taking into account all these factors/ In view of the above-mentioned facts,we should draw/ come to/arrive at the conclusion that…
　　④ All the available/ conclusive/ reliable/ striking evidence goes to show/ piles up to show that…
　　⑤ All the evidence/ analysis supports/ warrants an unmistakable/ fair conclusion that…
　　⑥ All the evidence/ analysis justifies/ confirms an unshakable/ sound view/ idea that…
　　⑦ All the available/ conclusive/ reliable/ striking evidence points to the fact/ lends support to the view that …
　　⑧ To sum up/ conclude,…/ The conclusion is self-evident.…
　　⑨ Weighing up these two arguments, I am for ….
　　⑩ Taking into account all these factors/ In view of the above-mentioned facts, I prefer …
　　【例19】
　　To conclude, smoking is nothing but evil as it is so harmful to people. All smokers should be taught of the great harm of smoking and be persuaded out of smoking. More importantly, we should protect our children from the harm of smoking through education.
　　【分析】本段文字是吸烟有害健康的文章结尾，运用了总结法，段首句使用了句式⑧。
　　2)后果法
　　所谓后果法，就是对所讨论的问题或现象可能会产生的后果做出预测或分析。这种后果可能是积极的，也可能是消极的，需根据文章主题而定。这种结尾方式主要适用于问题解决型作文和现象解释型作文。
　　【常用句式】
　　① Clearly/ Obviously/ No doubt, if we do not/ cannot…/ if we ignore/ are blind to…, there is every chance/ chances that…/ it is very likely that…
　　②Any person/ nation/ society who/ which ignores/ is blind to/ fails to learn… would pay a heavy price.
　　③ Fortunately, however, more and more people come to realize the importance of… and improvement si in near future.
　　④ If we work on… from now on, in foreseeable future, we will not be perplexed/ cursed/ overwhelmed by the same dilemma/ problem.
　　⑤ If we can solve the problem with no efforts spared, human being will not be caught/ stuck in the same conditions.
　　⑥ There is no effective/ easy solution/ approach to the issue/ problem of…, but… might be helpful/ beneficial./ but our commitment will be rewarded as long as we insist on assuming our responsibility on it.
　　⑦ Following these methods may not guarantee the success in…, but the pay-off will be worth the sweat we shed.
　　⑧ The effect that… will bring about are far-reaching.
　　【例20】
　　All these things come to one simple fact: people are always trying very hard to get a better life. Any nation which ignores the importance of developing its productivity and consequently improving the life of its people will have to pay a heavy price.
　　【分析】本段文字是关于要重视提高人们生活水平的文章结尾，运用了后果法，段首句使用了句式②。
　　3)呼吁法
　　所谓呼吁法，就是在文章结尾敦促或呼吁读者作出努力，对某问题予以关注或采取行动。但是需要注意的是，不能空感口号，痛下决心，这样会使文章显得空洞，不伦不类。这种结尾方式主要适用于问题解决型作文。
　　【常用句式】
　　① It is high time that we…/ It is ripe time for us to… in no half-hearted manner.
　　② It is essential/ necessary/ important/ imperative that effective/ quick/ proper measures/ actions/ steps/ remedies should be taken to…
　　③ If there is time to…, it is now.
　　④ To reverse the trend is not a light task, and it requires keen consciousness of…
　　⑤ There is no denying that considerable attention must be paid to the plight of…
　　⑥ We must call for an immediate action/ method, because the current tendency of …, if permitted to develop at will, it will result in the destruction of …
　　⑦ Only when… all go into action can we…
　　【例21】
　　It is high time that we took some measures to protect our environment. Government should make a law to punish those polluting our environment, and the public should realize the importance of environmental protection.
　　【分析】本段文字是关于如何保护社会环境的文章结尾，运用了呼吁法，段首句使用了句式①。
　　需要注意的是，结尾一定要与主题相匹配，切忌谈一些与主题无关的内容。另外，除了以上方法，结尾也可采用引用法和提出建议法。而且在实际写作时，可以不必局限于一种方法，要根据实际情况将几种方法有效结合。