2008年12月英语四六级短文写作5大亮点设计

　　6)引用法
　　所谓引用法，就是在文章开头引用名人名言、箴言、谚语或有代表性的看法，来引出文章要论述的观点。这种方法通过引用切合主题的名言警句，一方面可以突出主题，另一方面也能为文章增加文采，容易给人留下深刻的印象。但是这种开头要求考生必须有一定知识储备，对所使用的名言警句等要应运自如。另外，所引用的名言警句一定要为中心服务，不能单纯为了增加文采而引用。这种开头方式主要适用于观点论证型作文。
　　【常用句式】
　　① One of the great/ early writers/ philosophers/ scientists said/ wrote/ remarked, “…”If this is true/ the case, then the present/ current view/ value/ attitude/ situation should make us wonder whether…/ ponder over…
　　② “…” The same idea/ complaint/ attitude is voiced/ echoed/ shared by…
　　③ “…” How often we hear/ We are used to hearing/ Many people have heard(such) statement/ words/ complaint like/ as this/ those.
　　④ There is an old/ popular saying/ proverb which goes that…. The truth of it is profound and significant./ Under its simplified cover, a truth is ironically pointed out, that is, …
　　⑤ One great … had ever said/ once remarked, “…”Now it still has a realistic/ profound significance./ Now it is still working in our modern society./ Now more and more people share this belief./ The remark is still confirmed by people in today’s society./ the remark has been shared by generations./ The view has been echoed by many …
　　【例18】
　　There is an old proverb which goes that the grass is always greener on the other side of the valley. Under its simplified cover, a truth is ironically pointed out, that is, people are not contented with the already blessing situation. On the contrary, we always think that there are people around us who are much more fortunate than us. In fact this kind of opinion is very dangerous.
　　【分析】本段文字是关于成功是靠运气还是靠努力奋斗的文章开头，运用了引用法，段首句使用了句式④。
　　2.结尾的写法
　　文章的结尾一般篇幅不宜过长，但却也是决定文章成败的点睛之笔。面对堆积如山的试卷，阅卷老师的精力更多的是放在文章的开头、各段的过渡及文章的结尾。好的结尾，可以增添文章的效果和说服力，加深阅卷老师的印象。一篇文章的结尾是否能够产生最佳效果，关键是能否使用恰当的方法和优秀的句式有效地体现文章主题。