2008年12月英语四六级短文写作5大亮点设计

　　三、开头结尾突破常规
　　1.开头的写法
　　文章的开头除了要表明主题外，还有一个重要的任务就是吸引阅卷老师的注意。因此，开头一定要具有与众不同的吸引力，这样才能给阅卷老师留下深刻的印象。下面介绍几种实用有效的开头方式及常用句型：
　　1)现象法
　　所谓现象法，就是在文章开头就指出某种社会现象或问题。这种开头方式在六级写作中十分常见，主要应用于现象解释型作文和问题解决型作文。
　　【常用句式】
　　① Recently/ Presently the phenomenon/ issue/ problem of… has been brought into focus./ aroused public attention/ become a heated topic/ been in the limelight.
　　② With …, there arises a heated debate as to…
　　③ With the steady/ rapid/ amazing development of…, people begin to…
　　④ In the past… years, many… have been faced/ troubled/ confronted with…
　　⑤ Nowadays/ Recently, one of the hottest/ most popular topics/ problems many people complain/ concern about/ talk about/ discuss is…
　　⑥ Nowadays, our society is witnessing more and more…
　　⑦ In the past… years, there has been a sharp/ dramatic increase/ growth/ rise/ decline in … According to an official report/ survey/ poll, …
　　⑧ In recent…years, …has experienced an alarming increase/ growth/ rise/ decline in…
　　【例13】
　　Nowadays, one of the hottest problems many people complain about now is piracy. Books, tapes, VCDs and other high-tech products have been pirated. For instance, when a new product comes onto market, most probably, its pirated version will soon show up in the market, too.
　　【分析】本段文字是关于如何解决盗版问题的文章开头，运用了现象法，段首句使用了句式⑤。
　　2)对立法
　　所谓对立法，就是引出人们对要讨论问题的不同看法和观点，然后提出自己的看法或者表明自己偏向哪一看法。这种开头方式方式一般用于有争议的主题，主要适用于对比选择型作文。
　　【常用句式】
　　① When asked…, a great/ vast majority of people/ most… say that… But I think/ view quite differently. / But in my eye/view,…
　　② When it comes to…, some people believe that…, but some others argue/ claim that… (the opposite/ reverse is true). There is probably some truth in both arguments/ statements, but …(I tend to agree to/ would prefer the former/ latter.)
　　③ Now, it is commonly/ generally/ widely believed/ held/ acknowledged that…. They cl
　　aim/ believe/ argue that… But I wonder/ doubt whether…
　　④ Nowadays there is no agreement among people as to…. Some people focus on/ advocate/ favor … while others may think…. (From my point of view, …)
　　⑤ When faced with/ In the face of… quite a few people claim that… but other people argue…
　　⑥ There is much discussion/ public debate/ controversy nowadays as to the problem of… Some people say that… Others hold that…
　　⑦ There is a general debate over the phenomenon of … People who are against/ object to it claim/ hold … But people who advocate it, on the other hand, claim/ argue …
　　⑧ The value of this form of… is now being questioned by…/There is growing skepticism toward…
　　【例14】
　　Nowadays there is no agreement among people as to the best measure of a country’s success. Some people focus on rich economy while others may think it is the quality of life that has nothing to do with money.
　　【分析】本段文字是关于什么是社会成功的标准的文章开头，运用了对立法，段首句使用了句式④。