2009年12月英语四级真题复合式听力原文

以下是复合式听力听写原文。

In the humanities, authors write to inform you in many ways. These methods can be classified into three types of informational writing: factual, descriptive, and process. Factual writing provides background information on an author, composer or artist, or on a type of music, literature, or art. Examples of factual writing include notes on a book jacket or album cover, and longer pieces such as an article describing a style of music, which you might read in a music appreciation course. This kind of writing provides a context for your study of the humanities. As its name implies, descriptive writing simply describes, or provides an image of a piece of music, art or literature. For example, descriptive writing might list the colors an artist used in a painting or the instruments a composer included in a musical composition. So estimate pictures or sounds in a reader’s mind by calling up specific details of the work. Descriptive writing in the humanities, particularly in literature, is often mixed with critical writing. Process writing explains a series of actions that bring about a result.  It tells the reader how to do something. For example, explaining the technique to shoot a film. This kind of writing is often found in art, where understanding how an artist created a certain effect is important. Authors may actually use more than one type of technique in a given piece of informational writing.