2015年6月四级听力小故事（1）莎士比亚谜团知多少
刚刚考完四级听力的筒子们，都有听清听力第二部分第一个小故事说了什么吗？对了！莎士比亚知多少哦~想知道这名剧作家身上还有哪些谜团吗？有哪些你所以为的关于他的“常识”其实是错的吗？快来跟着小编一起科普起来吧！
Writing Was His Profession
写作是他的职业
By the turn of the 17th century Shakespeare had started to make a name for himself in London for his writing and work around theatre, but back in his hometown of Stratford he was better known as an esteemed businessman.
到了17世纪，莎士比亚开始以自己的名义在伦敦写作并在剧院工作，但是在家乡斯特拉特福德，他反而作为一名受人爱戴的商人更为出名。
Yes, he wrote plays and sonnets but according to a number of late 16th century documents, Shakespeare’s profession during his time in London was actually acting.
是的，他撰写了戏剧和十四行诗，但是根据16世纪末的诸多文献显示，莎士比亚在伦敦时期的职业实际上是演员。
His Birthday
他的生日
When is Shakespeare’s birthday? April 23rd, 1564 of course! Ok, maybe it’s not that obvious but the truth is his actual birthday is unknown. What we do know from records is that he was baptised on April 26th –three days before – is a reasonable estimate for his birth. There is an argument that since his birth date is only an approximation history could have allowed the date to be adjusted so that England’s greatest Playwright just happened to be born on April 23rd – St.George’s Day.
莎士比亚的生日是哪天？当然是1564年4月23日啦！好吧，也许不是那么显而易见，但是他真正的生日到底是哪天是个迷。我们从记录上所知的，莎士比亚于4月26日接受洗礼，生日是受洗礼日的3天前，这是对他生日的合理推测。有争论表示，既然英国最伟大剧作家的生日是近似值的推断，那么正好可以把他的生日和圣乔治日放在同一天，即4月23日。
Still things get more complicated. In 1582 the Julian calendar was replaced with the Gregorian (Western) calendar. By adjusting the date, Shakespeare’s baptism would move from April to May 3rd, putting his birthday somewhere close to May 1st by modern calendars.
不过事实是更为复杂的。1582年，儒略历被公历所替代。调整一下日期，莎士比亚接受洗礼的日子从4月移到了5月3日，从现代日历上看，他的生日更接近5月1日。
He Was Elizabethan
他是伊丽莎白一世时代作家
The Elizabethan era is most strongly linked to the work of Shakespeare and he is usually referred to as an Elizabethan playwright. In fact around 14 of his works, including some his most revered; ‘Othello’, ‘King Lear’, ‘Macbeth’, ‘Coriolanus’ were all first performed in the Jacobean era. The timing of his life and work straddled not just the transition from Elizabeth I to James I but the turn of a new century.
莎士比亚的作品和伊丽莎白时代有着强烈的联系，而他通常被认为是伊丽莎白一世时代剧作家。但事实上，他有大约14部作品，像一些他最受人敬仰的《奥赛罗》、《李尔王》、《麦克白》、《科里奥兰纳斯》都是先在詹姆士一世时期完成的。他的一生和他的作品的跨度不仅只有从伊丽莎白一世到詹姆士一世的过渡，还有向新世纪的转变。
He Worked Alone
他是一个人工作
As with most playwrights in his period, it was not unusual for Shakespeare to work in partnership with other writers. A number of plays that are simply attributed to Shakespeare are in fact thought to be collaborations.
和他那个时期的大多数作家一样，莎士比亚和其他作家一起写作是很稀松平常的事。莎士比亚的很多剧作事实上都被认为是合写的。
Research suggests that many Shakespeare plays including ‘Macbeth’, All’s Well That Ends Well’ and ‘Henry VIII’ have elements that reflect the work of other writers of the time but as with so many things about the man, no one will ever know for sure.
研究显示，莎士比亚的很多戏剧——包括《麦克白》、《皆大欢喜》还有《亨利八世》，都有很多细节表明有其他当时作家参与写作的痕迹，但是和这个男人的很多谜团一样，没人敢说百分百是这样。
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