给联合国秘书长安南的问题

Has the Kyoto Protocol been effective in fighting climate change?
你认为《京都议定书》对于控制气候改变真的起作用吗？

Eduardo Chikui，SAO PAULO, BRAZIL

It has been effective in the sense that it has helped raise awareness. Obviously, we cannot pretend that we have achieved everything the Kyoto agreement had in mind, but the awareness is there. People realize that unless we take steps to arrest climate change, we are heading toward catastrophic consequences that will be irreversible.
从提高人们对气候改变的意识而言，它起到了一定作用。很显然，我们不能假装我们真的达到了《京都议定书》上的一切目标，但至少我们意识到了应该控制气候的改变。人们已经认识到，如果我们不真的采取什么措施来控制气候改变，我们将遭遇无法避免的气候恶果。

Do you think world leaders are putting enough effort into combatting global warming?
你认为各国领导人有尽全力对抗全球变暖吗？

Sothyreak Pheng，MINNEAPOLIS

I don't think so. This is why we need the energy and involvement of everyone. This is our planet. We cannot and should not leave it to the leaders alone.
我不这么认为。这也是为什么我们每一个人都需要参与其中。这是我们的地球。我们不能、也不应该只把它丢给领导人们。

What is the evidence for dangerous, man-made global warming?
由人类行为引发的恶性气候变暖现象有什么迹象吗？

Richard Treadgold, AUCKLAND

Highly respected scientists have come to a consensus as to the impact of global warming. There is a broad consensus that we should reduce greenhouse-gas emissions by 50% by the year 2050.
顶尖的科学家们已经就温室现象的既成事实达成一致。目前全球的普遍共识是到2050年为止温室气体的排放量要减少50%。

What connection do you think there is between global warming and poverty?
你认为全球变暖和贫困之间有什么联系吗？

Paulette Donald, LOS ANGELES

Global warming has had a real impact on economic development. There are farmers who can no longer till the land that fed their parents and grandparents because it's become almost desert. With changing rain patterns, we have a serious problem of food production. Diseases are moving faster and farther. This is all on account of climate change.
全球气候变暖的确对经济的发展有影响。有的土地现在已经变成荒漠，农民无法在上面耕种，土地不能像养活他的父辈那样来养活他。降雨模式的改变，给我们的食物生产带来了巨大的问题。疾病的传播变得更快、更广。这些都是由气候变化引起的。

What do you consider to be the greatest achievement of the U.N. during your tenure?
你认为自己在任联合国秘书长时的最大成就是什么？

Stephen Ntsoane，GA-MPHAHLELE, SOUTH AFRICA

The fight against poverty and the fact that we got heads of state to agree to development goals. For the first time, we came up with a common agenda for development.
对抗贫困，以及组织各国领导为一个共同的发展目标达成一致。这样的共识是史上的头一遭。

What was the greatest failure of the U.N. during your time there?
在任职期间的最大失败是什么？

Heather Wright，PETROLIA, ONT.

Our failure to stop the war in Iraq. Some of us knew it was going to be a disaster and tried very hard to stop it. We all have seen the results.
没能阻止伊拉克战争。我们中的有些人知道这将是一场大灾难，并也尽了很大的努力来阻止。但我们都看到结果是什么了。

Do you think the U.N. should be given authority to intervene militarily in situations like Darfur?
你认为联合国应该被授权干预地区军事冲突吗，比如目前达富尔这样的状况？
（Darfur，达富尔，苏丹西部的一个省份，主要人口为非裔黑人，而苏丹以阿拉伯裔为主，双方因争夺土地而关系紧张。2003年起，冲突白热化，苏丹政府派兵镇压，反政府组织予以回击，造成达富尔超过廿万人死亡，二百多万人流离失所。到目前为止，已经有大约 2,500,000 公民被迫离开家园，1,600 个村庄被苏丹政府军队和政府民兵摧毁，超过 300,000 被杀！等于南京大屠杀中的死亡人数）

Dan Quigley，HOPKINTON, MASS.

I'm not sure the member states are ready to give the U.N. a standing army. For two years, U.N. operations in Darfur have been asking for 18 helicopters. [Member countries say] they don't have them. No one can pretend that the world cannot produce 18 helicopters. It's a question of will. And I don't think you will see a U.N. army.
我不确定联合国的各成员国家是否准备好为联合国配置常备军。两年来，联合国在达富尔地区的行动只向各成员国要求了18架直升飞机，而成员国告诉我们：“没有”。全球、不可能拿不出18架直升机，只是愿不愿意的问题。我也不认为你会看到联合国有军队。

What do you see as the biggest issues for the U.N. over the next decade?
你认为联合国在下一个十年里将会面临的最大问题是什么？

Monica Mihai, SYDNEY

A world in which extreme poverty and immense wealth live side by side is simply not sustainable. We're dealing with issues--crime, nuclear weapons, diseases, swine flu--[that] no country can handle alone. How do we get governments to act cooperatively in the common interest? We saw a bit of that during the financial crisis. There was a sense of despair that pulled them together. Now that some people are rushing ahead and saying we are out of the crisis, we are falling back on the old habits of protecting our national interests.
贫富差距。贫富悬殊过大、世界会变得不稳定。我们面临很多问题：犯罪、核武器、疾病、H1N1病毒——没有一个国家能单凭一己之力解决。那么我们要怎么能让各国政府在共有利益的基础上相互协作呢？在全球金融危机中，我们看到了一点合作的潜力。对世界经济的绝望把大家凑到了一起。而现在，有的人急匆匆地宣布金融危机已经过去了，世界又回到原来的样子，每个人都只想着自己国家的利益。

Do you think the election of President Barack Obama has brought changes in the world's perception of the U.S.?
你认为奥巴马总统的当选、改变了全球对美国的印象吗？

Faizan Syed, COPENHAGEN

I think President Obama has started extremely well. There's lots of goodwill and support for him around the world. He has enormous challenges both [in the U.S.] and abroad. I think we all need to help him succeed, and we should start by reducing expectations. High expectations can cause problems for politicians.
我认为奥巴马总统有一个很好的开始。全球有很多支持他的人。无论美国国内还是全球，他都面临着很多挑战。我认我们都应该帮助他、同时，我们也应该降低期望值。对政治家期望过高是会引发很多问题的。

How does one become U.N. Secretary-General?
一个人要怎么才能成为联合国秘书长呢？

Jose Francisco Cruz, MANILA

By accident. 偶然。