女性的薪水为何常比男性少?

Some women who achieve highly enough to get into Oxford University would suffer self-doubt, according to the statistics of the university's careers service.

根据牛津大学就业服务中心的统计资料显示，那些能考进牛津大学的优秀女性有些竟然也会产生自我怀疑的问题。

They found that while men and women were equally academically able, a significant number of women were shying away from jobs in sectors such as banking and management consultancy fearing they would not be successful at them. Instead, they entered careers in areas perceived as more woman-friendly such as teaching, publishing and marketing.
他们发现，当男性和女性在学业上同等优异时，很大一部分女性却会因为畏惧而放弃银行和管理咨询这些领域的工作，因为她们害怕自己无法胜任。相反，她们更愿意从事一些对女性更加友好的工作——如教学、出版和销售。

In addition, women were earning less on leaving Oxford than their male counterparts, partly because they were more likely to take lower-paid jobs, but also because they were far less likely to negotiate their first salaries.
另外，从牛津大学毕业的女性薪资也比她们的男同学要少，一部分原因是她们更倾向于选择薪资低的工作，还有一部分原因是她们不想和上司商议自己的第一份薪水。

Sue Hewitt says society probably still expects women to be more modest than men, and that women instinctively want to be liked, so they avoid doing anything that will risk alienating others.
苏·休伊特说，可能社会仍然希望女性比男性谦虚低调，这种观念使女性从本能上想博得身边人的喜爱，所以她们不愿意做一些可能会与别人疏远的工作。

Anni Townsend believes confidence is affected by how females are treated while growing up.
安妮·汤森德认为，女性在成长过程中得到的对待影响了她们的自信。

"There are women who have told me that no matter how well they did at school, they were never good enough for their parents," she says. "As a result they never felt successful. Society' focus on the way women look can also stop us pushing ourselves forward."
“有女性跟我说，无论她们在学校成绩多好，父母的标准永远高于她们成绩之上，”安妮说。“结果，这些女性从不觉得自己成功。另外，社会对于女性外貌的关注也会阻碍女性前进的步伐。”

A recent research says: "A woman's looks are often the number one factor by which she is judged to be worth something, as opposed to her intellect. When a woman is running for the presidency, comments about her appearance will be graffitied on her posters."
一项最近的研究显示：“女性的外貌通常是判断其能否胜任某一工作的第一指标，相反她的能力却不是第一位的。如果女性要竞选总统，那么海报上则会大肆出现对于她外貌的评论。”