美国就业最好的和最差的专业

Electrical engineering, physics and economics degrees also make the top 10, all with an average mid-career salary of more than $110,000 a year.
电气工程、物理学和经济学学位也在前十之列，这些专业的职业中期平均年薪都超过110,000美元。

A master’s in business administration (M.B.A) can also earn you six figures mid-career—but because of the poor growth outlook for common jobs held by these degree-holders, it doesn’t make the top 10 list.
工商管理硕士（M.B.A）也能帮你在职业中期赚到6位数，但由于这些学历持有者通常所从事的工作就业展望不佳，工商管理硕士不在前十之列。

Not all master’s degree holders enjoy anywhere near such optimistic job prospects or extraordinary pay. Getting a master’s in library and information science, English, music, or education can be extremely gratifying but pricy. Median mid-career median pay for all those degrees is under $63,000, and employment for them isn’t expected to grow significantly over the next few years.
不是所有硕士在所有领域都有与上述差不多的乐观工作前景或丰厚薪水。取得图书咨询学、英语、音乐或教育专业硕士学位的个人可能会获得极大的愉悦感，但“学费”高昂。这些专业职业中期平均收入在63,000美元以下，这些学位的就业在未来几年预计不会显著增长。

Library and information science degree-holders bring in $57,600 mid-career, on average. Common jobs for them are school librarian, library director and reference librarian, and there are expected to be just 8.5% more of them by 2020. The low pay rank and estimated growth rank make library and information science the worst master’s degree for jobs right now.
图书咨询学专业的硕士在职业中期平均收入57,600美元。他们通常的工作是学校图书馆员，而且预计到2020年为止其就业增长只有8.5%。薪资及未来增长的都处于低水平使得图书信息学目前来说是最不利于就业的硕士学位。

Biology, chemistry and history degrees are also toward the bottom of the list—but that doesn’t mean they’re useless. If you’re passionate about these fields, the lower pay and slimmer job prospects shouldn’t deter you from pursuing a master’s. However, it’s important that you ask yourself a few questions before you make that decision.
生物、化学和历史硕士也是垫底的硕士学位，但这不意味着他们毫无用处。如果你对这些领域有兴趣，较低的薪酬和较为狭窄的就业前景不应打消你攻读该专业硕士学位的念头。然而，做决定前问自己几个问题还是非常重要的。

Ask, “Is the program required to pursue a given career?” “What do the job opportunities look like?” and “Will the cost of the education outweigh the potential income?” If the answer to the last one is yes, then a master’s program is not the way to go, Bardaro says.
问问自己，“某一特定职业是否对这个研究生项目有要求？”“就业机会怎样？”“受教育的成本会大于过未来潜在的收入吗？”如果最后一个问题的回答是肯定的，那就不该选择研究生项目，巴尔达罗说。

Another thing to keep in mind: Master’s degree-holders don’t necessarily earn more than other people in similar jobs—so don’t base your decision to pursue one on the idea that you’ll bring in bigger paychecks.
另一点需要牢记的是：硕士赚得不一定比其他从事类似工作的人多——所以不要把攻读硕士的决定建立在赚更多的钱的基础之上。

“People may pursue a master’s degree in the hopes of a higher salary, but it doesn’t always work out,” she says. “Two absolute benefits of graduate education are increased knowledge in a field and the ability to set oneself apart from those with only a bachelor’s degree. However, these two things together might not be enough for a given person.”
“人们可以追求硕士学位以期未来拿更高的薪水，但这不一定行得通，”她说，“研究生教育对两方面上有着绝对裨益：一是某个领域的知识增长，二是把自己和只有本科学位的人区别开来。然而，这两点加起来对某一特定的人来说可能还不够。”

These may be the best and worst master’s degrees in terms of pay and employment opportunities, but it’s also important to think about work-life balance and employee satisfaction for the common jobs associated with these degrees. “You need to consider overall happiness,” Bardaro says. “If obtaining a master’s degree causes an imbalance due to time devoted to education and potentially more stress at work, then one will need to decide if these costs are worth it. Evaluating the benefits of a master’s degree is not just about the potential for higher pay, but also about the opportunities it will bring, the skills and knowledge it can provide, and overall satisfaction.”
从收入和就业机会两方面考虑，上述可能是几个最好和最差的硕士学位，但考虑工作和生活的平衡以及员工满意度也同样重要。“你需要考虑到全部幸福因素。”巴尔达罗说，“如果攻读一个硕士学位所花的时间及将来更多的工作压力，引起了一种失衡，那么你需要判断一下这样的代价是否值得。评估硕士学位带来的好处，不能仅仅是关乎获得更高薪水的可能性，还与它所带来的机会、所提供的技能和知识，还有整体满意度相关。”