你可知自己孩子的动脉已经老化了吗

The study wasn't large enough or intended to establish when a ratio is 'healthy' or when especially aggressive treatment is called for. That will require additional research. But scientists found that the 378 participants whose ratio was in the highest of three groups had an average ratio of 2.7.
但该研究涉及范围不够广，或者说它并未打算去设立一个标准：即何时一个比值才算得上“健康”或患者什么时候需要实施特别积极的治疗。所以这就需要再进行额外的研究。但科学家们也发现，在三组当中比值最高的378名参与者的平均比值为2.7。

What this shows 'is that being overweight and the cholesterol problems that often accompany it have an important impact on your blood vessels,' said Sarah de Ferranti, director of preventive cardiology at Boston Children's Hospital, who wasn't involved with the study. A direct correlation to damaged blood vessels in kids hadn't previously been shown.
波士顿儿童医院(Boston Children's Hospital)预防心脏病学主管萨拉•德•费伦蒂(Sarah de Ferranti)并未参与上述研究，她说，该研究告诉我们“体重超重和常常与之伴生的胆固醇问题会对你的血管产生重要的影响。”但之前的研究并未表明，儿童体内受损的血管与超重有什么直接的关系。

Dr. de Ferranti, a pediatrician, said that based on the study, 'I would worry more about my patients in the realm' of 2.7 or higher.
儿科医生费伦蒂说，基于这项研究，“我将会更担心我的那些患者中比值等于或高于2.7的人。”

The American Heart Association recommends adults maintain an HDL level of at least 40 milligrams per deciliter of blood (mg/dL) for men and 50 mg/dL for women, and preferably higher. Triglycerides for adults should be below 150 mg/dL, with lower being better. The ratio using these numbers is higher than that found in the study. That is partly because children generally have lower triglyceride levels than those of adults.
美国心脏协会(American Heart Association)建议成年男子将高密度脂蛋白保持在至少40毫克/分升的水平，成年女子则为50毫克/分升，最好比这个数值再高一些。而成年人的甘油三酯水平则应低于150毫克/分升，数值再低些会更好。与该项研究中发现的数字相比，用这些数字算出来的比值会更高，部分原因在于儿童体内的甘油三酯水平一般比成年人更低。

Dr. Urbina sometimes prescribes a prescription form of fish oil for patients with persistently high triglycerides; neither its benefit in children nor long-term impact among adults and children has been determined. Generally doctors are reluctant to give medications to children with the problem. Lifestyle change, including diet and exercise, is the mainstay remedy, although it poses big challenges.
乌尔比纳有时会向甘油三酯居高不下的患者以处方药形式开出鱼油药方。但该药方对儿童是否有所裨益、对成年人和儿童是否会产生长期影响，迄今都尚无定论。一般来说，医生都不太愿意向患有此类疾病的儿童开药。尽管困难重重、充满挑战，但包括饮食和锻炼在内的生活方式的转变才是主要补救办法。

A major strategy for doctors is getting kids to avoid or sharply reduce consumption of sugary beverages, including sodas and sports drinks, big contributors to triglyceride levels.
医生的一个主要策略就是让孩子们不喝或者少喝包括苏打水和运动饮料在内的含糖饮料，这对改善其甘油三酯水平颇有裨益。

'It's incredibly difficult to scale a kid down to the recommended 50 grams of sugar when a juice box has 24,' said Heather Vanderhaar, of suburban Cincinnati. Ms. Vanderhaar's two boys, Benjamin, 12, and Maxwell, 10, have a genetic condition that results in elevated triglyceride levels. They are working with Dr. Urbina to keep those levels under control.
家住辛辛那提郊区的希瑟•范德哈尔(Heather Vanderhaar)说：“一盒果汁就含有24克糖，这种情况下让孩子将饮用量减到推荐的50克，太难了。”范德哈尔太太的两个儿子──12岁的本杰明(Benjamin)和10岁的麦克斯韦(Maxwell)──他们天生的身体条件就会导致甘油三酯水平偏高。为了将体内的甘油三酯水平维持在可控范围内，他们一直在乌尔比纳那儿就医。

'At this point they're maintaining,' Ms. Vanderhaar said. School sports and bike riding are among their physical activities. The boys aren't allowed soda, cookies or junk food. 'We allow them to have treats but in moderation,' she said. 'The thinking is if you start early, you can reverse any damage done to your arteries.'
范德哈尔太太说：“他们目前病情稳定。”学校的运动和自行车骑行都在两兄弟的活动范畴之内。但他们不许喝苏打水、不能吃曲奇或垃圾食品。范德哈尔太太还说：“我们允许他们犒劳自己，但要适量。这么做是基于这样的想法：如果你早点行动，你还能修复动脉已受到的损害。”

Molly and Kate Cassabon, 18-year-old identical twins from Waterville, Ohio, went for two years putting on substantial weight before their problem was diagnosed at age 10 as genetically high triglycerides that exceeded 800 mg/dL. Their grade school installed an automated external defibrillator out of fear that either of the girls could collapse at any moment from a heart attack.
来自俄亥俄州沃特维尔(Waterville, Ohio)的同卵双胞胎姐妹莫莉(Molly)和凯特•卡萨博(Kate Cassabon)在10岁那年被诊断为先天性甘油三酯水平偏高──比正常值整整超出800毫克/分升，而在这之前的两年，她们长胖了不少。由于担心两姐妹中的任何一个人可能会因为突发心脏病而倒下，她们就读的小学安装了一个自动体外心脏除颤器。

Dr. Urbina prescribes a prescription form of fish oil pills to help reduce triglycerides. Lately, work at portion control and a weekly session with a personal trainer contributed in March to 'the most improvement they've ever shown' during a checkup with Dr. Urbina, their mother, Sally Cassabon, said. Their triglycerides dipped below 200 mg/dL, still short of a goal of below 150 mg/dL, but enough to help them each lose at least 25 pounds.
乌尔比纳以处方药形式开出鱼油药丸用以帮助减少甘油三酯。双胞胎的妈妈萨利•卡萨博(Sally Cassabon)说，最近，孩子们在饮食上的份量控制和每周一次与私人教练的会面使她们在3月份接受乌尔比纳博士检查时“表现出有史以来最明显的改善”。她们的甘油三酯已骤降至200毫克/分升以下，虽然还没有达到低于150毫克/分升的目标值，但足以帮她们减掉25磅（约合11.3公斤）。