防晒霜的另一种隐藏功能:抗皱

Participants were under 55 to assure that aging effects were the result of sun exposure, not the natural aging process, Dr. Green said.
格林说，为了确保老化效应是由日晒，而不是由自然衰老过程引起的，试验参加者年龄都在55岁以下。

The results have a 'double significance, ' she said, since the reduced skin damage from UV rays also translates to a lower risk of skin cancer.
她说，这些结果有“双重意义”，因为减少紫外线引起的皮肤损伤也会降低皮肤癌风险。

Dermatologists said vanity is a strong motivating force when it comes to sunscreen use. That's particularly true for young people, whose sunburns may put them at risk for skin cancer decades later, said James Spencer, a dermatologist in St. Petersburg, Fla. The threat of wrinkles is often a more powerful behavior-changer than the threat of cancer, he said. (Neither Dr. Spencer nor Dr. Dover was affiliated with the study.)
皮肤科医生表示，虚荣心是人们使用防晒霜的强大动力。佛罗里达州圣彼得斯堡(St. Petersburg)的皮肤科医生詹姆斯•斯潘塞(James Spencer)表示，对年轻人来说尤其如此，年轻人被晒伤可能会使他们在几十年后面临患皮肤癌风险。他说，与癌症风险相比，产生皱纹的风险通常更能促使人们改变行为（斯宾塞医生和多弗医生均未参与此项研究）。

Rules implemented last year by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration say that only sunscreens that are broad-spectrum─protecting against both UVA and UVB rays─and that have an SPF of 15 or higher can claim to reduce the risk of early skin aging and skin cancer. Both types of rays are implicated in photoaging and cancer, Dr. Green said. Products that don't protect against both types of rays or that have an SPF between 2 and 14 can claim only to help prevent sunburn.
根据美国食品和药物管理局(U.S. Food and Drug Administration)去年实施的规定，只有广谱防晒霜──能同时防范长波紫外线和中波紫外线─和防晒系数在15或以上的防晒霜才可以声称能够降低皮肤提前老化和皮肤癌风险。格林说，这两种紫外线都与光老化和癌症有关联。不能同时防护这两种紫外线或者防晒系数在2到14之间的防晒霜只能声称有助于防止晒伤。

The new rules also say that products claiming water resistance must say how long a user can expect to get that protection while swimming or sweating, either 40 minutes or 80 minutes. And sunscreens can no longer be called 'sunblocks' or be labeled as 'waterproof' or 'sweatproof.'
此外，根据新规定，声称具有防水效果的产品必须说明使用者游泳或出汗时防晒效果能保持多久，是40分钟还是80分钟。此外，防晒霜(sunscreen)不能再被称为“日光隔离霜”(sunblock)，标签上也不能再单纯使用“防水”(waterproof)或“防汗”(sweatproof)等字眼。

Dr. Spencer recommends that people look for water-resistant, broad-spectrum products with an SPF of at least 30. 'Don't be shy about putting it on, ' he said. 'You're not getting the SPF on the bottle if you're putting it on too lightly.'
斯潘塞建议人们使用防晒指数至少为30的防水广谱产品。他说：“别怕抹防晒霜，如果你抹得太薄，就达不到瓶子上说的防晒指数。”

'Look for something you like, or you won't use it, ' Dr. Dover added. 'And don't have a full tube by the end of the summer.'
多弗补充称：“要找你喜欢的防晒霜，否则你是不会用的。不要等到夏天结束时还有一整管。”

Since experimental evidence has suggested that antioxidants consumed orally, such as beta carotene, can reduce signs of sun-related skin damage, the study also looked at whether a daily 30-milligram beta carotene supplement could protect against skin aging.
由于有试验证据显示每日口服抗氧化剂（如β胡萝卜素）能够减少日晒引起的皮肤损伤痕迹，该研究也考察了每天服用30毫克β胡萝卜素补充剂能否减缓皮肤老化。

Researchers found no difference between those who took the supplement and those who didn't, though because of the number of study participants, researchers said they couldn't rule out a small effect one way or the other in certain groups of people.
研究人员发现，服用补充剂者和未服用补充剂者并没有区别，不过研究人员表示，考虑到受试者的人数有限，他们不排除β胡萝卜素会对特定人群产生一定的微弱影响。