大学修炼：十大技能敲定第一份工作

The number of jobs available for graduates is predicted to rise by 10.2%, according to a survey by the Association of Graduate Recruiters. Good news for students – but when you come to apply for your first job after university, are you sure you'll have the relevant skills for the post?
据“毕业生招聘协会”的调研预测，今年英国毕业生的职位会增加10.2%。这是众多毕业生的福音——可是，当你申请大学毕业后的第一份工作时，你确定自己拥有招聘广告上列出来的所有相关技能么？

Leaving it until you're sitting in front of a blank computer screen trying to write your CV for a graduate job may well be too late to assess the qualities you've got to offer.
如果拖到坐在电脑前开始为申请工作整理简历时候，再去考虑技能问题，就太晚啦。

"From day one students should see the start of university as the start of their working life," says Dan Hawes, co-founder of the Graduate Recruitment Bureau. "Think of the skills you need to have when you finish university in three or four years time and then work backwards, so you're hoarding skills each year."
“从第一天开始，学生就该把大学的开始看做职业生涯的开始，”毕业生招聘局的联合创办人丹·霍斯讲道。“想想自己未来三四年中大学毕业时需要的技能，然后倒推回来，这样每年就都在贮藏技能。”

Gemma Pirnie, founder of Your New Crew, says: "When I left university I was completely uNPRepared for what the grad market would throw at me. I thought having a 2:1 from a good university and having a bit of (irrelevant) work experience would see me land a job no problem – not the case."
“为您招聘”公司的创始人杰玛·皮尔纳讲道：“当年我离开大学的时候，对于接下来要面对的毕业生市场，没有任何概念。我以为能以过半的成绩从一个好大学毕业，有些（不相关的）工作经验，就能毫无悬念地找到工作——其实不然。”

Obviously the skills you need will depend on the job you apply for, but there are some things that graduate recruiters are looking for that you can start thinking about now.
显然，你会用到的技能由所申请的工作决定，但是，招聘人员想要应聘者拥有的有些技能，你现在就可以开始考虑了。

Business sense
商业理念

"Candidates who start their own societies, organise their university ball or start their own T-shirt-making business while at uni tend to have a good grasp of how a business makes money," says Cary Curtis, managing director of Give-a-grad-a-go.“
应聘者中，凡是大学期间自己开过社团，组织过舞会或者做过T恤衫生意的，都会对如何做生意赚钱有更多了解，”“创意毕业生招聘”的管理主任卡里·柯蒂斯讲道。

An understanding of business is one of the main skills that students underestimate, according to a 2013 Guardian survey. Less than 10% of students thought it was a vital skill, compared to nearly 50% of employers.
据2013年《卫报》调研报道，商业理念是常被学生低估的技能之一。不到10%的学生认为这是项重要的技能，而招聘者中认为如此的有50%。

"You don't need to be the next Mark Zuckerberg," says Curtis, "but having a good idea of how a business runs and the challenges involved are really useful skills to take into a company."
“你不必成为下一个马克·扎克伯格，” 柯蒂斯讲道，“但是知道怎样经营一个生意，了解其中的挑战，对公司而言是非常有用的。”

Get global
全球化理念

"More and more employers are wanting graduates to have a 'global mindset', which means understanding different cultures and how industries work across borders," says Stephen Isherwood, chief executive of the Association of Graduate Recruiters.
“越来越多的雇主希望毕业生有‘全球化的理念’——了解不同的文化，以及工业产业如何跨国运作，” “毕业生招聘协会”的首席执行官斯蒂芬·伊舍伍德讲道。

Isherwood recommends that students make the most of time at uni to meet people from around the world, consider study abroad schemes like Erasmus, and says that speaking another language shows that a grad has a "better cultural understanding".
伊舍伍德建议学生们多花时间和来自世界各地的人交流，考虑伊拉斯莫国外交流学习项目，会从中受益很多。伊舍伍德也讲道，会讲一门外语也体现出毕业生有“更好的文化理解能力”。（小编注：“Erasmus Mundus” 项目是欧洲在高等教育领域的一个合作性学生交流项目。）

A language
会讲一门外语

"If you speak another language then make sure it's clearly displayed on your CV," says Curtis. "We really like bilingual candidates as they usually interview really well. But quite often their CV doesn't do them justice. 'Business fluent French' looks much better than just 'French A-level at grade A' as it offers a company more."
“如果你会讲外语，记得在简历上清楚地标明，” 柯蒂斯讲道，“我们真的很喜欢会双语的应聘者，因为他们通常面试表现都很棒。但是很多时候他们的简历都没有为他们争取到机会。‘流利的商务法语’看起来比只是‘法语初级考试A等’更有吸引力，因为这能给公司带来更多。”

Be careful though. "If you haven't had much practice with your languages make sure you scrub up before sending out a CV that implies you can hold your own.
"但是要特别注意。“如果你没有怎样练习过这门语言，确保在你发出简历之前把这项你还需加强的语言技能去掉。”

A squeaky clean digital footprint
完美的个人网络档案

"Start building a digital footprint of relevance to what you want to do," says Smith. "Employers, just like everyone else, will look on the internet as a first port of call."
“把你计划做的事情在网上记录下来，”史密斯讲道。“雇主和其他人一样，考核你的时候会先去网站上搜集信息。”

That might mean setting up a LinkedIn profile, starting your own blog or website, joining Twitter, and generally making sure you're careful about what goes online connected to you.
你可以在“领英”网站建立自己的档案，开通个人博客或网站，加入推特，同时要大致注意网上可查的和你相关的信息。

Chris Smith, chief executive of Opinio Group recruiters, says: "If the only thing employers can find is you with traffic cones on your head on Facebook then you're in trouble."
“观点群体”招聘方的首席执行官克里斯·史密斯讲道：“如果雇主在网上能找到的唯一关于你的信息，是你脸谱网上头戴交通锥标的搞怪照片，那么你完了。”

Office etiquette
办公室礼仪

Knowing how to fit into an office will come in handy for many graduate jobs, so it's a good idea to look for opportunities to spend time in one while you're still a student.
知道怎样融入办公室环境对毕业生找工作很有用。所以当学生的时候，找机会去办公室体验下，是个不错的主意。

Hawes says: "What some graduates might not have is the office know-how, maybe they've never worked in an office before so everything's new, whether it's answering the phone or the way you dress or address people, the things like that – office etiquette."
霍斯说道：“很多毕业生可能不知道在办公室应该怎样做事，也许他们从没在这样的环境工作过，所以一切都是陌生的，无论是接电话、穿着还是称呼别人都属于办公室礼仪。