职场丛林生存指南 拼智力还是拼努力

My daughter has a high IQ. I’ve always sensed it, and eventually, proved it with a test. At least once a month we have this ritual. “I’m not learning anything,” she says to me, as she’s faced with her after school homework. “School’s not about getting smarter,” I tell her, “It’s about working harder.”
我女儿的智商挺高。在她小的时候我就有这种想法，后来带她做了智商测试，结果不出所料。每月我们至少进行一次以下例行公事的对话。她面对着课外作业，对我说：“我每天上学学不到任何东西。”我则教导她说：“上学并不是为了让你变聪明，而是让你更努力。”

Having spent the past two decades watching people rise and fall in the innovation economy, I’ve never been convinced that IQ has much clout. In fact, I think it’s a burden if you think it does. It’s not smarts, it’s not talent, it’s not even luck or chance that separates the risers from the fallers – it’s grit.
在职场中经历了20年的风雨，见多了人们在创新经济中的沉浮，我一直认为IQ在职场中并不是那么重要。非但如此，如果你真把IQ看得过于重要，反而会成为一种负担。我认为真正在创新经济中主宰人之沉浮的因素并不是机敏精明、天资聪颖、幸运或机遇，而是“坚韧”。

The term “grit” was made popular in academic circles in 2013 by Angela Duckworth, a psychology professor at the University of Pennsylvania Psychology. Calling it the “quality of being able to sustain your passions, and also work really hard at them, over really disappointingly long periods of time,” she explained that people with grit are people who can overcome stress and use failure as a means to achieve their ultimate goals.
2013年，“坚韧”这个词在学术圈流行起来还要归功于宾夕法尼亚大学心理学系教授安吉拉o达克沃什。她把“坚韧”解释为“在漫长、沮丧而艰难的岁月中，能够支撑你的热情，敦促你为目标奋力工作的品质”，她认为坚韧的人能克服压力，把失败化为追逐终极目标的手段。

I’ll add – grit isn’t just working hard; it’s continuing that effort long after the fat lady has begun singing. It’s finishing the race when you’re dead last. It’s seeing failure as a simple, necessary step to achieve what you want. To me, grit is an indomitable spirit.
除此之外，我认为坚韧并不是只有努力工作这一层含义；它还包括在目标达成后仍然努力不停歇。是奔跑到生命最后一刻的精神。坚韧的人，把失败看得简单，就是通往梦想的必须。我理解的坚韧，是一种不屈不挠的精神。

Duckworth and her colleagues were able to use their measure of grit to predict successful outcomes in everything from the Scripps National Spelling Bee to graduation from Chicago public schools. Students with grit continuously prevailed over those with high IQs.
达克沃什及同事用他们设计的“坚韧量表”测量人们的坚韧度，并据此成功预测了很多事情，包括斯克里普斯全美拼字比赛的优胜者和芝加哥公立学校的毕业率等等。坚韧的学生总是能压倒性地超过那些聪明的学生。

It’s a funny thing when something as seemingly concrete as IQ gets trumped by what most people assume are just a personality trait. I’m with Duckworth, though. Grit can be measured.
大部分人认为坚韧只是一种个性品质，所以他们觉得，一种无形的个性品质竟然能把IQ这种似乎可以视为有形的特质比下去有点可笑。但我同意达克沃什的看法。坚韧是可测的。

And when I hire, it’s the number one thing I look for in a candidate. If you want to be gritty, here’s what I ask of you.
在招聘员工的时候，我最首要的关注点在于候选人是否坚韧。如果你想变成一个坚韧的人，下面这几点是你必须要做到的。