高度加工食品是真正的健康杀手

If I ask you what constitutes "bad" eating, the kind that leads to obesity and a variety of connected diseases, you're likely to answer, "Salt, fat and sugar." This trilogy of evil has been drilled into us for decades, yet that's not an adequate answer.
如果我问你，什么构成“不良”饮食，你可能会回答那些导致肥胖和各种相关疾病的东西，“盐、脂肪和糖。”这个邪恶三剑客已经困扰我们几十年了。但这个答案并不充分。

We don't know everything about the dietary links to chronic disease, but the best-qualified people argue that real food is more likely to promote health and less likely to cause disease than hyperprocessed food. And we can further refine that message: Minimally processed plants should dominate our diets. (This isn't just me saying this; the Institute of Medicine and the Department of Agriculture agree.)
我们对饮食和慢性病的关系还有很多不了解的地方，但是在这个问题上最有发言权的人说，相比经过高度加工的食品，真正的食物对健康更有利，不容易导致疾病。我们还可以进一步提炼这一要旨：我们的饮食主体，应该是经过极少加工的植物。（这话不只是我在说；美国国家医学院[Institute of Medicine]和农业部[Department of Agriculture]都是认同的。）

And yet we're in the middle of a public health emergency that isn't being taken seriously enough. We should make it a national priority to create two new programs, a research program to determine precisely what causes diet-related chronic illnesses (on top of the list is "Just how bad is sugar?"), and a program that will get this single, simple message across: Eat Real Food.
然而我们正在面临一个公共健康的紧急状况，并且没有给予足够的重视。我们应该设立两个新项目，这应该是国家的头等大事，一个是研究项目，要准确地判定是什么导致饮食相关的慢性病（其中最首要的问题是，“糖到底有多糟糕？”），另一个项目是要传播一个简单的讯息：吃真正的食物。

Real food solves the salt/fat/sugar problem. Yes, excess salt may cause or exacerbate high blood pressure, and lowering sodium intake in people with high blood pressure helps. But salt is only one of several risk factors in developing high blood pressure, and those who eat a diverse diet and few processed foods — which supply more than 80 percent of the sodium in typical American diets — need not worry about salt intake.
真正的食物能解决盐/脂肪/糖的问题。是的，过多的盐会导致或加剧高血压，减少钠的摄入对高血压人群是有益的。但盐只是导致高血压的几个风险因素之一，而且那些饮食种类多样、很少食用加工食品的人，不需要操心盐摄入的问题——典型的美式日常饮食中，80%以上的钠来自加工食品。

"Fat" is a loaded word and a complicated topic, and the jury is still out. Most naturally occurring fats are probably essential, but too much of some fats — and, again, it may be the industrially produced fats used in hyperprocessed foods — seems harmful. Eat real food and your fat intake will probably be fine.
“脂肪”是个含义丰富的词，也是个错综复杂的话题，至今仍悬而未决。多数自然产生的脂肪可能都是必要的，但某些类脂肪——同样，可能是那些高度加工的食品中使用的工业方法生产的脂肪——过多似乎是有害的。吃真正的食物，你的脂肪摄入大概就不会有问题。