新药可能让斑秃患者毛发再生

But Dr. George Cotsarelis, a dermatologist at the University of Pennsylvania, urged caution until further research is conducted. He said it makes sense that drugs suppressing immune system activity would work for a disorder caused by an overly active immune reaction.
不过，宾夕法尼亚大学(Pennsylvania)的皮肤病专家乔治·柯萨莱利斯(George Cotsarelis)博士，极力主张在进行更深入的研究之前保持谨慎。他表示，抑制免疫系统活动的药物对因免疫反应过度灵敏而引发的疾病有效，这不出奇。

But because patients in the study received twice-daily pills that circulated ruxolitinib throughout their bodies, rather than topical cream, he said they were “treated systemically with a very toxic drug” that can cause liver and blood problems, infections and other ailments.
但由于参与这项研究的患者每天两次服用鲁索利替尼片剂——而不是涂抹膏剂——药物成分会在整个身体内循环，他认为他们在接受以毒性很强的药物为手段的全身性治疗，该药物有可能让肝脏和血液出问题，还有可能引发感染以及其他疾病。

Although the patients have experienced few side effects, the study is small and not a randomized trial comparing ruxolitinib to other treatments.
尽管患者几乎还没感受到什么副作用，但这项研究规模很小，也并非一次拿鲁索利替尼和其他治疗手段作对比的随机试验。

If ruxolitinib could be applied topically, Dr. Cotsarelis said, “this would be an amazing breakthrough.” Until then, “patients are going to rush in demanding this treatment, and I would not give it.”
柯萨莱利斯博士说，假如可以局部应用鲁索利替尼，“那将是惊人的突破”。在此之前，“要求用该疗法治疗的患者未免显得草率，我是不会给他们开处方的”。

Dr. Raphael Clynes, a co-leader of the research while he was a Columbia professor (he now works for Bristol-Myers Squibb), said the team tested cream and pills on mice, and planned to test a cream on people.
必治妥施贵宝公司(Bristol-Myers Squibb)的拉斐尔·克莱因 (Raphael Clyne)博士在哥伦比亚大学当教授期间是这项研究的负责人之一，他表示，研究团队拿老鼠做测试时用过膏剂和片剂，并且打算进行膏剂的人体测试。

So far, he considered ruxolitinib “an expensive therapy that’s probably effective based on the small number of patients that we’ve treated, and it’s likely to have a reasonable safety profile. But there’s no way that I can endorse it fully unless we do larger trial.”
他认为鲁索利替尼迄今为止还是“一种价格高昂的治疗手段。就我们治疗的为数不多的患者而言，它或许是有效的，在安全性方面的表现似乎也说得过去。但除非进行更大规模的测试，否则我绝不会完全认可这种疗法”。

The team also plans to test on people another JAK inhibitor, tofacitinib, which is approved for rheumatoid arthritis and grew hair on mice. In June, Dr. Brett King, a dermatologist at Yale, reported that tofacitinib caused full hair growth and no negative effects for a man with alopecia universalis, a variant involving almost total hair loss.
研究团队还打算对另外一种JAK抑制剂——托法替尼(Tofacitinib)——进行人体测试。这是一种获批治疗类风湿关节炎的药物，能让老鼠长出毛发。今年6月，耶鲁大学(Yale)皮肤病专家布莱特·金(Brett King)博士宣称，托法替尼(Tofacitinib)能促进男性普秃患者的毛发生长，且没有任何副作用。普秃是一种几乎可以造成全身毛发全部脱落的疾病。

For Brian, five months on the drug yielded a full head of hair. For unknown reasons, the new hair is white instead of black, its original color.
对布莱恩而言，服用鲁索利替尼五个月换来了满头的发丝。他原先的头发是黑色的，不知道为什么，新长出来的头发却是白色的。

Still, “It’s a lot easier to shrug that off than to pass the silent judgment of people” who he said he felt were staring at his bald splotches. He said side effects, including slight anemia, were minor.
但他说，“相比面对人们无声的成见，这样要好受多了”——他以前总感觉人们在打量他的秃斑。他还表示，包括轻微贫血在内的副作用是非常小的。