2016年李克强总理记者会视频文字实录

谢谢主持人。总理你好。我们注意到今年的政府工作报告首先提出了“新经济”这一概念，这是不是指现在新兴的电子商务和小微企业，这和您之前提倡的“大众创业、万众创新”有什么关系？这些对缓解当前经济下行压力有什么作用？谢谢。
Caijing: In this year's Government Work Report, the concept of the new economy was put forward for the first time. I wonder if this concept refers to e-commerce and those micro and small businesses? What does it have to do with the campaign for mass entrepreneurship and innovation? And how helpful could it be for withstanding the downward economic pressure?

【李克强】

我们说要发展“新经济”是要培育新动能，促进中国经济转型。“新经济”的覆盖面和内涵是很广泛的，它涉及一、二、三产业，不仅仅是指三产中的“互联网+”、物联网、云计算、电子商务等新兴产业和业态，也包括工业制造当中的智能制造、大规模的定制化生产等，还涉及到一产当中像有利于推进适度规模经营的家庭农场、股份合作制，农村一、二、三产融合发展等等。而且，发展“新经济”，小微企业可以大有作为，大企业可以有更大作为。目前很多大企业也在搞创客空间，有许多这样的例子。
To develop the new economy will help us foster new economic drivers and move forward China's economic transformation. The concept of the new economy covers a wide range of areas and has many dimensions. It can be found in the primary, secondary and tertiary industries. It's not just about emerging forms of business and industries such as e-commerce, cloud computing, the Internet of things and Internet. It can also be found in smart manufacturing, large-scale customer-made production in the industrial sector. It's also about the appropriately scaled-up operations in the primary industry, that is agriculture such as family farms and shareholding cooperatives. We believe that micro and small businesses can do a lot in developing new economy and also large companies can make a big difference. The truth is many large companies in China have established their own makers' spaces. There are many such examples.

传统动能发展到一定阶段出现减弱是规律，很多国家都走过这样的路，尤其是发达国家，有很多先例可寻。这个时候就需要新动能异军突起，来适应产业革命的趋势。而且新动能和传统动能提升改造结合起来，还可以形成混合的动能。
When development has come to a certain stage, it is only natural for traditional growth drivers to begin to wane, and that has happened in many developed countries. Hence, we need the boom of new growth drivers to accommodate the need of industrial revolution. And when we combine the new growth drivers and the upgraded traditional growth drivers, we can bring into being a hybrid driving force.

新动能对传统动能的改造提升很有意义。像我们现在要推动去产能，就涉及到重化工企业，很多这样的企业用人过多，需要把富余的员工转岗，而新动能发展起来就可以提供更多的就业岗位，这也使我们可以较大力度去推动去产能。我们现在提倡的“大众创业、万众创新”，实际上是为大、中、小企业、科研机构等提供一个平台，使众创、众包、众扶、众筹等有活跃的空间。
New growth drivers will also help with our efforts to cut industrial overcapacity. In the companies of those sectors with overcapacity, there is a problem of overstaffing, and the growth of new drivers will help generate new jobs to re-employ any possible laid-off people. The campaign of mass entrepreneurship and innovation is to put in place a platform for the development of various types of companies and research institutions, and to create a broad space for crowdfunding, crowd innovation and crowdsourcing.

可以这么说，如果把亿万群众的创造力、积极性调动起来，可以形成投鞭断流的气势，再加上背水一战的意志，就可以顶住经济下行的压力，而且促进经济的转型。一个国家的繁荣进步，还是在于亿万民众的参与，这也可以实现人的全面发展。谢谢。
When we bring into full play the enthusiasm and creativity of all our people, it will generate a powerful momentum. With that momentum and our firm determination, we will be able to withstand the downward economic pressure and achieve faster economic transformation. Ultimately, a country's prosperity and development would not be possible without the full involvement of all its people and that will also be a process for us to boost the all-round human development.

【今日俄罗斯国际通讯社记者】

谢谢主持人。李总理，您好。中俄两国曾多次表示，俄中两国经济合作水平跟不上政治发展，双方承诺会努力改善这种局面，不仅致力于推动贸易往来，还将大力发展投资合作。然而我们看到，中国投资者并未大量进入俄罗斯，这是为什么？这是否与西方国家对俄制裁有关或者与俄罗斯经济情况有关？中国企业在与俄合作中是否受到来自美国等国的压力？此外，一些专家认为，中国并不想投资俄罗斯，而仅仅对该国廉价能源感兴趣，您对此有何看法？谢谢。
Russia Today: Both China and Russia have recognized that the business cooperation between the two countries is lacking behind the growth of their political ties, and both sides have promised to change the situation by promoting trade ties and also investment cooperation. However, we have not seen a large inflow of Chinese investment in Russia yet. What is the reason for that? Is it because of the Western sanctions against Russia or Russia's own economic situation? Are Chinese companies under pressure from the United States and other countries in cooperating with Russia. Moreover, some Chinese experts believe that China is not that interested in making investment in Russia, but only interested in getting Russia's cheap energy. What is your response?

【李克强】

中俄互为最大的邻国，而且是全面战略协作伙伴关系，中俄关系可以说是全方位的。习近平主席和普京总统经常会晤，我们不仅是政治关系好，在经济方面也是有升温趋势的，因为我们在诸多领域都有多项合作。中国始终遵循着相互尊重、互利共赢的原则和俄罗斯发展关系。中国奉行的是独立自主的外交政策。中俄关系不会因为国际形势的变化受到影响，不受第三方的压力。我们还会继续推进中俄关系向前发展。当然，中国奉行不结盟政策，我们之间的合作也不针对第三方。
China and Russia are each other's biggest neighbors, there is a comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination between the two countries. This relationship is an all-dimensional one. President Xi Jinping and President Vladimir Putin have met with each other quite often, there is a close political relationship between the two countries and our business cooperation has been continuously rising because we have multiple operations in quite many fields. China has all along developed its relationship with Russia on the basis of mutual respect and mutual benefit, and China pursues an independent foreign policy of peace. China-Russia relations will not be affected by changing circumstances in the international environment, and will not cave to third-party pressure. In the meantime, China follows the principle of nonalignment, and China-Russian cooperation will not be targeted at any third party.

我说经济方面的合作也在升温，有一个例子，去年我们从俄罗斯的石油进口又增加了800多万吨。但是很不幸，世界大宗商品的价格下跌，我们整个进出口，不仅是对俄罗斯，都是下降的，虽然数量没有减，但是贸易额下来了，这个责任还真不在我们双方。去年年底我和贵国总理梅德韦杰夫先生进行了深入探讨，比如我们可以在油气一体化方面进行合作，这样可以吸引中方对俄的投资。我们还可以拓展贸易渠道，实现贸易多元化。我愿意看到明年你再参加这个记者会，我能回答你中俄经贸投资趋势出现了转折性的向好。
Just now I said our business cooperation has also been rising. For example, last year, Chinese imports of oil from Russia increased by eight million tons, but because of plummeting commodity prices on international markets, China's total imports and exports declined, not just its imports from Russia. The physical volume has gone up, by the total trade volume has come down because of the falling prices, and neither country is responsible for that. Last year I had a deep discussion about China-Russia business cooperation with Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev, we agreed that we can explore cooperation in the integrated development of oil and natural gas, sectors that will help attract more Chinese investment, and we can also introduce a greater level of diversity into our trade mix. I hope that next year, if you come to this press conference again, I can tell you that the business ties between our two countries have turned the corner for the better.

我对俄罗斯的朋友要额外加一句，这种向好也是表明世界贸易在向好，我们给世界贸易吹吹暖风。谢谢！
And I believe the enhancement of our business ties will also reflect the improvement of the global trade situation, and that will be a warm breeze our two countries can bring to global trade.